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Kalmar "metabolism" da aka yi amfani da ita a cikin maganganun masana abinci da 'yan wasa, masu koyar da motsa jiki kuma koyaushe suna slimming.
Mafi yawan lokuta ana amfani da kalmar a ma'anar "metabolism". Amma menene ainihin? Mutane sun sani, ba duka ba. Bari mu bincika.
Menene?
Metabolism shine matakai a kowace kwayar halitta don kiyaye rayuwarta. Tsarin rayuwa yana bawa jiki damar girma, haifuwa, warkar da lalacewa, da kuma amsa ga mahalli.
Don wannan da gaske ake buƙata musayar abubuwa akai-akai. Don raba hanyoyin zuwa rafuka biyu. Destaya mai lalata - catabolism, ɗayan anabolism mai amfani.
Ragewa a matakin kwayoyin…
Duk wani sinadarin gina jiki da ke shiga jiki, ba zai iya biyan bukatunmu kai tsaye ba. Misali, sunadaran daga goro, madara da tsokar ɗan adam sun sha bamban, ba za su iya maye gurbin juna ba.
Koyaya, sun kunshi “tubalin gini” guda ɗaya - amino acid. Kodayake kowannensu sunadaran tsarinsu ne daban-daban.
Don samun kayan don, alal misali, bicep, ana narkar da enzymes na musamman a cikin madara ko kaji furotin a cikin amino acid din mutum da ake amfani da su daga baya.
Daidaici da fitowar makamashi, ana auna shi da adadin kuzari. Kishiyar hanya ita ce catabolism. Wani misalin catabolism shine rushewar sabon tataccen sukari zuwa fructose da glucose.
… Da Shagon Majalisar
Jiki bai isa ya wargaza furotin daga abincin da aka ci zuwa amino acid ba. Yana Bukatar don hada sabbin sunadarai ga tsokoki biyun.
Gine-ginen ƙwayoyin hadadden ƙwayoyi daga ƙananan abubuwa suna buƙatar kuzari. Yana amfani da adadin kuzari ɗaya da jiki ya karɓa lokacin da “disassembly”. Ana kiran wannan tsari anabolism.
Wasu misalan misalai na aiki “Shagon taro” na jiki - ci gaban ƙusa da warkar da karaya a ƙashi.
Kuma ina kitse yake?
Idan a yayin raba abubuwa masu gina jiki zamu sami makamashi fiye da yadda ake bukata don gina sabbin kwayoyin halitta a jiki, akwai bayyananne wuce gona da iri hakan yana bukatar adana shi.
Lokacin da jiki ke cikin hutawa, tsarin rayuwa yana gudana a cikin yanayin "baya" kuma baya buƙatar fission mai aiki da abubuwan haɗuwa. Amma da zaran jiki ya fara motsi, dukkan matakai suna kara girma da fadada. Demandara buƙatar kuzari da abubuwan gina jiki.
Amma koda tare da jikin motsi za'a iya kasancewa yawan adadin kuzari idan ka ci abinci da yawa.
Portionananan rabo na karɓa da rashin ƙarfi a cikin hanyar carbohydrate - glycogen - tushen makamashi don tsokoki masu aiki. An adana shi a cikin tsokoki da hanta.
Sauran suna tarawa a cikin ƙwayoyin mai. Kuma don halittar su da tallafawa jiki yana buƙatar ƙarancin ƙarfi fiye da gina tsokoki ko ƙashi.
Me yasa metabolism hade da nauyin jiki
Zamu iya cewa nauyin jiki shine catabolism debe anabolism. Watau, banbanci tsakanin adadin inges da makamashin da aka yi amfani da su.
Don haka, cin gram daya na mai yana ba da kcal 9 da kuma adadin furotin ko kuma carbohydrate 4 kcal. Hakanan adadin kuzari 9 ɗin da jiki zai sanya a cikin hanyar mai gram 1 mai ƙima a jikin ku, idan kun kasa ciyar da su.
Misali mai sauki: cin sandwich sannan ka kwanta akan sofa. Gurasa da tsiran alade…. jiki ya karbi mai, sunadarai, carbohydrates da 140 kcal. Lokacin kwance, jiki zai kashe adadin kuzari kawai don lalacewar abincin da aka ci da ayyukan kiyayewa na numfashi da zagayawa - kimanin 50 kcal a kowace awa. Ragowar 90 kcal zai juya zuwa 10 g na mai kuma za'a jinkirta shi a rumbun mai.
Idan mai son sandwiches ya zo yawo mai annashuwa, waɗannan adadin kuzari da jiki zai kashe na kimanin awa ɗaya.
"Kyakkyawan" da "mummunan" metabolism?
Mutane da yawa suna kallon kishi ga yarinyar mai rauni, kullun lucamadeus kuma ba su ƙara gram ɗaya na nauyi ba. Anyi la’akari da cewa irin waɗannan mutanen masu sa’a suna da ƙoshin lafiya mai kyau, kuma waɗanda wainar sukari a cikin shayi ke barazanar yin nauyi - suna da mummunan metabolism.
A zahiri, sakamakon ya nuna cewa hakika ana lura da jinkirin motsa jiki kawai a cikin yawan cututtuka, misali, hypothyroidism - rashin maganin thyroid. Kuma galibin mutanen da suke da kiba ba su da cuta, amma akwai rashin daidaiton kuzari.
Wannan yana faruwa lokacin da jiki ya karɓi fiye da yadda yakamata, kuma ana adana kuzari.
Amfani da kalori
Don ci gaba da kasancewa cikin ikon amfani da kalori, yana da kyau a tuna manyan hanyoyin karin makamashi.
- Mafi girman nauyin jiki, mafi yawan adadin kuzari da yake buƙata. Amma, kamar yadda muka sani, ƙwayar adipose tana da ƙarancin kuzari, amma tsoka tana cinyewa sosai. Sabili da haka, mai ginin kilogram 100 zai kashe aƙalla ƙarin adadin kuzari sau biyu don aiki iri ɗaya da abokinsa mai fam 100 wanda yake da tsoka da ba su girma ba kuma suna da yawan mai mai yawa.
- Tsohuwar mutum ta zama, mafi girma shine bambanci tsakanin cin kuzari da kashe shi saboda rashin daidaituwa na hormonal da kuma raguwar ayyukan jiki.
- A cikin metabolism na jikin namiji yana da hannu cikin kwayar testosterone. Yana da ma'anar anabolic wanda ke haifar da jiki don ciyar da kuzari da albarkatu don haɓaka ƙarin tsoka. Abin da ya sa yawancin tsoka a cikin jikin maza yawanci ya fi na mata girma.
Kuma game da kula da tsokoki yana buƙatar ƙarfin kuzari fiye da kula da mai, namiji da mace na tsayi da nauyi ɗaya suna ciyar da adadin adadin kuzari daban-daban a kan aiki ɗaya.
Conclusionarshe mai sauƙi: maza suna ɓatar da kuzari, suna buƙatar ƙarin abinci kuma suna rasa nauyi da sauri.
Abin da kuke buƙatar sani game da metabolism
Dukan rayuwar kwayoyin halitta daidaito ne tsakanin lalacewar abubuwan gina jiki da fita daga gare su da kuzari da amfani da kuzari wajen ƙirƙirar sabbin ƙwayoyi da ƙwayoyin halitta.
Idan yawan kuzari ya yi yawa - ana ajiye shi a cikin kayan adipose nama. Don haɓaka yawan kuzari zaka iya, motsawa da yawa ko girma adadin tsoka.
Ari game da maganin kumburi kuna iya kallon bidiyo a ƙasa:
