Menene Silinda: ma'anar, abubuwa, iri, zaɓuɓɓukan sashe

A cikin wannan ɗaba'ar, za mu yi la'akari da ma'anar, manyan abubuwa, nau'o'in da kuma yiwuwar zaɓukan ɓangarori na ɗaya daga cikin mafi yawan nau'o'in geometric mai girma uku - silinda. Bayanin da aka gabatar yana tare da zane-zane na gani don kyakkyawar fahimta.

Ma'anar Silinda

Na gaba, za mu yi bayani dalla-dalla madaidaiciya madauwari silinda a matsayin mafi mashahuri nau'in adadi. Za a jera wasu nau'ikan a cikin sashe na ƙarshe na wannan ɗaba'ar.

Silinda madauwari madaidaiciya - Wannan siffa ce ta geometric a sararin samaniya, ana samun ta ta hanyar jujjuya murabba'i a gefensa ko axis na siminti. Saboda haka, ana kiran irin wannan silinda wani lokaci jujjuyawar silinda.

Silinda a cikin adadi na sama yana samuwa ne sakamakon jujjuyawar triangle dama ABCD kewaye da axis O₁O₂ 180 ° ko rectangles ABO₂O₁/O₁O₂CD kewayen gefe O₁O₂ ku 360°.

Babban abubuwan da ke cikin silinda

• Silinda tushe – da'irori biyu na girman / yanki ɗaya tare da cibiyoyi a maki O₁ и O₂.
• R shine radius na tushe na Silinda, sassan AD и BC - diamita (d).
• O₁O₂ – da axis na simmetry na Silinda, a lokaci guda shi ne ta tsawo (h).
• l (CD, AB) - janareta na Silinda kuma a lokaci guda bangarorin rectangle ABCD. Daidai da tsayin adadi.

Silinda reamer - na gefe (cylindrical) na adadi, wanda aka tura a cikin jirgin sama; rectangular ne.

• tsawon wannan rectangle yana daidai da kewayen gindin silinda (2 πR);
• nisa daidai yake da tsawo / janareta na Silinda.

lura: Ana gabatar da dabarun ganowa da silinda a cikin wallafe-wallafe daban-daban.

Nau'in sassan silinda

1. Sashin axial na Silinda – rectangular da aka samu a sakamakon haduwar siffa tare da jirgin da ke wucewa ta cikin axis. A wurinmu, wannan shine ABCD (duba hoton farko na littafin). Yankin irin wannan sashe yana daidai da samfurin tsayin silinda da diamita na tushe.
2. Idan yankan jirgin ba ya wuce tare da axis na Silinda, amma yana tsaye a kan tushe, sa'an nan kuma shi ne rectangle.
3. Idan jirgin saman yankan ya kasance daidai da tushe na adadi, to, sashin yana da da'irar daidai da tushe.
4. Idan silinda ya haɗu da jirgin sama wanda bai dace da tushe ba kuma, a lokaci guda, bai taɓa kowane ɗayansu ba, to sashin yana da ellipse.
5. Idan yankan jirgin ya haɗu da ɗaya daga cikin tushe na Silinda, sashin zai zama parabola / hyperbola.

Nau'in silinda

1. madaidaiciyar silinda - yana da sansanoni masu ma'ana guda ɗaya (da'ira ko ellipse), a layi daya da juna. Bangaren da ke tsakanin ma'auni na ma'auni na sansanonin yana daidai da su, shine axis na siminti da tsayin adadi.
2. silinda mai karkata – yana da sansanoni masu ma'ana iri ɗaya da na layi ɗaya. Amma ɓangaren da ke tsakanin maƙallan ma'auni ba daidai ba ne ga waɗannan tushe.
3. Silinda mai kauri (beveled). - tushe na adadi ba su dace da juna ba.
4. silinda madauwari – tushe ne da'ira. Akwai kuma elliptical, parabolic da hyperbolic cylinders.
5. daidaitaccen silinda Silinda madauwari na dama wanda diamita na tushe yayi daidai da tsayinsa.