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Microelements (magungunan micronutrients) sune mafi mahimmancin abubuwa waɗanda mahimman ayyukan halittu suka dogara akan su.
Ba su zama tushen kuzari ba, amma suna da alhakin mahimman halayen sunadarai. Ana buƙata a cikin ƙananan adadi (ana auna ƙimar yau da kullun a cikin milli-da micrograms, ƙasa da 200 MG).
Idan jikin mutum ya yi nazari sosai, ya bayyana: mun ƙunshi nau'o'in sinadarai daban-daban, 30 daga cikinsu sune microelements. Suna da alhakin mafi kyawun aiki na jikin mutum, kuma ƙarancin su yana da mummunar tasiri ga lafiyar manya da ci gaban yara.
Micronutrients: menene
Rukunin micronutrients a kimiyya yawanci ana kasu kashi 2: abubuwa masu mahimmanci (mahimmanci); mahimmancin yanayin yanayi (mahimmanci ga jiki, amma ba safai ake samun wadata ba).
Muhimman ƙananan abubuwa sune: ƙarfe (Fe); tagulla (Cu); aidin (I); zinc (Zn); cobalt (Co); chromium (Cr); molybdenum (Mo); selenium (Se); Manganese (Mn).
Ma'adanai masu mahimmancin yanayi: boron (B); bromine (Br); fluorine (F); lithium (li); nickel (Ni); siliki (Si); vanadium (V).
Dangane da wani rarrabuwa, abubuwan ganowa sun kasu kashi uku:
- barga abubuwa: Cu, Zn, Mn, Co, B, Si, F, I (a cikin adadin kusan 0,05%);
- Abubuwan 20 waɗanda ke cikin abubuwan da ke ƙasa da 0,001%;
- Ƙungiya na masu gurɓata wanda barga mai ƙarfi yana haifar da cututtuka (Mn, He, Ar, Hg, Tl, Bi, Al, Cr, Cd).
Amfani da abubuwan ganowa ga mutane
Kusan dukkanin hanyoyin sinadarai suna dogara ne akan ma'auni na abubuwan ganowa. Kuma kodayake adadin da ake buƙata yana ƙayyade ta micrograms, aikin waɗannan abubuwan gina jiki yana da girma. A musamman, da qualitative tsari na metabolism, kira na enzymes, hormones da bitamin a cikin jiki ya dogara da microelements. Wadannan microsubstances suna ƙarfafa tsarin rigakafi, suna inganta hematopoiesis, ci gaba mai kyau da ci gaban nama na kashi. Ma'auni na alkali da acid, aikin tsarin haihuwa ya dogara da su. A matakin tantanin halitta, suna tallafawa aikin membranes; a cikin kyallen takarda, suna taimakawa wajen musayar iskar oxygen.
Masana kimiyya sun ce sinadaran da ke tattare da ruwa a cikin sel na jikin dan Adam yayi kama da tsarin ruwan teku a zamanin da. Ana samun wannan ta hanyar haɗa mahimman abubuwan ganowa. Kuma lokacin da jiki ya rasa abu ɗaya ko wani, sai ya fara "tsotsi" daga kanta (daga kyallen takarda inda kayan abinci suka tara).
Rashin karancin abinci mai gina jiki da kuma wuce gona da iri
Duk wani rashin jituwa na abubuwan ganowa kusan koyaushe shine haɓakar cututtuka da yawa da canje-canjen pathological a cikin jiki.
Kuma kamar yadda wasu bincike suka nuna, an gano rashin daidaituwa na microsubstances na tsanani daban-daban a cikin kowane mazaunin uku na duniya.
Daga cikin dalilan da ke haifar da rashi ko yawan abubuwa masu amfani, galibi sune:
- ilmin halitta mara kyau;
- damuwa na tunani, yanayi masu damuwa;
- rashin abinci mai kyau;
- amfani da wasu magunguna na dogon lokaci.
Don fahimtar abin da abubuwan ganowa ke ɓacewa ga mutum, da kuma gano ainihin matakin ƙarancin za a iya yin shi ne kawai a cikin dakin gwaje-gwaje ta hanyar ba da gudummawar jini don nazarin biochemical. Amma ana iya la'akari da rashin daidaituwa na abubuwan gina jiki don wasu alamun waje.
Mafi mahimmanci, mutum yana fuskantar rashin abinci mai gina jiki idan:
- sau da yawa fallasa cututtuka na hoto ko bidiyo mai zagaya yanar gizo da sauri;
- bayyanannun alamun raunin rigakafi;
- lalacewar yanayin gashi, kusoshi, fata (kuraje, kurji);
- ya zama mai fushi, mai saurin damuwa.
Yanayi na karanci na gina jiki
Bugu da ƙari, ta hanyar nazarin yanayin lafiyar ku a hankali, ko da ba tare da gwaje-gwajen dakin gwaje-gwaje ba, wani lokaci za ku iya ƙayyade abin da micronutrient da jiki ke bukata, wanda ya rasa na yanzu:
- Kiba - rashin abubuwa kamar chromium, zinc, manganese.
- Matsalolin narkewar abinci - rashi na zinc, chromium.
- Dysbacteriosis - bai isa ba tutiya.
- Allergy Abinci - Rashin Zinc.
- Rashin aiki na Prostate - Rashin Zinc.
- Ƙara yawan sukari na jini - rashin magnesium, chromium, manganese, zinc.
- Gaggawa kusoshi - bai isa silicon da selenium.
- Jinkirin girma na kusoshi da gashi - rage matakan selenium, zinc, magnesium, silicon.
- Gashi ya fadi - silicon, selenium, zinc sun kasa.
- Brown spots a kan fata - rashin jan karfe, manganese, selenium.
- Hankali da kumburi a kan fata - alamar rashin zinc, selenium, silicon.
- Kuraje shine rashi na chromium, selenium, zinc.
- Rashin lafiyar kurji - rashin isasshen selenium ko zinc.
Af, hujja mai ban sha'awa game da gashi. Ta tsarin su ne ya fi sauƙi don tantance ƙarancin abubuwan ganowa. Yawancin lokaci, 20 zuwa 30 microorganisms suna wakilta a cikin gashi, yayin da gwajin jini ko fitsari zai nuna matakin da bai wuce 10 na gina jiki a jiki ba.
Yadda ake kiyaye daidaito
Akwai dokoki da yawa don maido da ma'auni na abubuwan ganowa. Babu wani abu mai sarkakiya ko sabo a cikinsu, amma a cikin salon rayuwa ta zamani, wani lokaci mukan manta da shawarar likitocin nan.
Da farko, yana da mahimmanci don saka idanu akan lafiyar tsarin jin tsoro, ziyarci kullun iska kuma ku ci daidai.
Bayan haka, mafi kyawun tushen mafi yawan abubuwan ganowa shine abinci na halitta na halitta.
Af, idan muka yi magana game da tushen abinci, to, mafi yawan duk micro abubuwa ana samun su a cikin abinci na shuka. Jagora a cikin kayan dabba ana iya kiransa madara, wanda akwai nau'i nau'i 22. A halin yanzu, ƙaddamar da abubuwan gina jiki a cikinta yana da ƙananan cewa ba lallai ba ne a yi magana game da madara a matsayin samfurin da ke iya tabbatar da ma'auni na abubuwa. Don haka, masana abinci mai gina jiki sun dage kan mahimmancin daidaiton abinci da bambancin abinci.
Amma a cewar masana ilimin halitta, zai zama kuskure a yi tunanin cewa, alal misali, duk tumatir a duniya suna da nau'in nau'i na microelements. Kuma ko da samfurin ya ƙunshi sinadarai iri ɗaya, adadin su zai iya bambanta sosai. Wadannan alamomin suna shafar ingancin ƙasa, iri-iri na shuka da yawan ruwan sama. Wani lokaci ma kayan lambu iri-iri iri ɗaya, waɗanda aka tattara daga gado ɗaya, na iya bambanta sosai a cikin abubuwan sinadaran su.
Abubuwan da ke haifar da karanci micronutrient:
- matalauta muhalli, wanda ke shafar ma'adinai-gishiri abun da ke ciki na ruwa;
- rashin kyawun maganin zafi na samfurori (yana haifar da asarar kusan kashi 100 na abubuwan gina jiki);
- cututtuka na tsarin narkewa (tsangwama tare da ingantaccen sha na microorganisms);
- rashin abinci mai gina jiki (mono-diets).
| Microelements | Amfani ga jiki | Sakamakon kasawar | Tushen |
|---|---|---|---|
| Iron | Wajibi ne don yaduwar jini da kiyaye lafiyar tsarin jin tsoro. | Rashin jini. | Naman naman sa, hanta, roe kifi, apples, buckwheat, hatsi, peaches, apricots, blueberries. |
| Copper | Yana haɓaka samuwar ƙwayoyin jajayen jini, ɗaukar ƙarfe, yana kula da elasticity na fata. | Anemia, pigmentation a kan fata, shafi tunanin mutum cuta, pathological rage a cikin jiki zafin jiki. | Abincin teku, goro. |
| tutiya | Yana da mahimmanci don samar da insulin, yana shiga cikin kira na hormones, yana ƙarfafa tsarin rigakafi. | Rage rigakafi, ci gaba da damuwa, asarar gashi. | Buckwheat, kwayoyi, hatsi, tsaba (kabewa), wake, ayaba. |
| aidin | Yana goyan bayan aikin thyroid gland da kuma jijiya Kwayoyin, wani antimicrobial abu. | Goiter, jinkirin ci gaba (hankali) a cikin yara. | Seaweed, gyada. |
| manganese | Yana inganta musayar fatty acid, yana daidaita cholesterol. | Atherosclerosis, ƙara yawan cholesterol. | Kwayoyi, wake, hatsi. |
| Cobalt | Yana kunna samar da insulin, yana haɓaka samuwar sunadaran. | Metabolism mara daidai. | Strawberries, daji strawberries, legumes, beets. |
| selenium | Antioxidant, yana hana ci gaban ƙwayoyin cutar kansa, jinkirta tsufa, yana ƙarfafa tsarin rigakafi. | Rashin numfashi, arrhythmia, raunin rigakafi, cututtuka masu yawa. | Abincin teku, namomin kaza, inabi daban-daban. |
| Fluorite | Ƙarfafa ƙasusuwa, hakora, yana tallafawa lafiyar enamel. | Fluorosis, danko da cututtukan hakori. | Duk abincin ganyayyaki, ruwa. |
| Chrome | Yana shiga cikin sarrafa carbohydrates da samar da insulin. | Ƙara yawan sukarin jini, haɓakar ciwon sukari, rashin amfani da glucose mara kyau. | Namomin kaza, dukan hatsi. |
| Molybdenum | Yana kunna metabolism, yana inganta rushewar lipid. | Rashin haɓaka metabolism, rashin aiki na tsarin narkewa. | Alayyahu, iri-iri na kabeji, blackcurrant, gooseberries. |
| Bromine | Yana da kayan kwantar da hankali, yana ƙarfafa jiki tare da cututtukan zuciya, cututtukan gastrointestinal, yana kawar da cramps. | Jinkirin girma a cikin yara, raguwar haemoglobin, rashin barci, zubar da ciki a matakai daban-daban na ciki. | Kwayoyi, legumes, hatsi, ciyawa, kifi kifi. |
Abubuwan da aka gano sune mahimman abubuwan gina jiki ga ɗan adam. Hanyoyin tafiyar matakai na rayuwa, haɓakawa da haɓakar yaron, aiki na duk tsarin (ciki har da haihuwa), kiyaye lafiyar lafiya da rigakafi ya dogara da su. Kuma tun lokacin da jiki ba zai iya hada micronutrients da kansa ba, yana da mahimmanci a kula da abinci mai ma'ana da daidaitacce don sake cika kayan da ake bukata a kowace rana.