Contents
Alexey Nikolaevich sanannen marubucin Rasha da Soviet. Ayyukansa suna da yawa kuma suna da haske. Bai tsaya a fanni daya ba. Ya rubuta litattafai game da halin yanzu kuma yana aiki akan jigogi na tarihi, ya kirkiro tatsuniyoyi na yara da litattafan tarihin rayuwa, gajerun labarai da wasan kwaikwayo.
Tolstoy ya rayu a lokuta masu wahala. Ya samo yakin Russo-Japan, yakin duniya na farko, juyin juya hali, juyin mulkin fada da kuma babban yakin kishin kasa. Na koyi daga abin da na sani menene ƙaura da rashin gida. Alexei Nikolaevich ba zai iya rayuwa a cikin sabuwar Rasha ba kuma ya tafi kasashen waje, amma ƙaunarsa ga kasar ya tilasta masa komawa gida.
Duk waɗannan abubuwan sun bayyana a cikin littattafansa. Ya bi ta hanya mai wuyar ƙirƙira. Yanzu Alexei Nikolaevich ya mamaye wani wuri mai mahimmanci a cikin wallafe-wallafen Rasha.
Idan kana so ka san aikin marubuci, kula da mu rating daga cikin shahararrun ayyukan Alexei Tolstoy.
10 Hijira
An rubuta littafin a cikin 1931. Bisa ga abubuwan da suka faru na gaske. Da farko, aikin yana da suna daban-daban "Black Gold". Bayan zargin da Association of Proletarian Writers, Tolstoy ya sake rubuta shi gaba daya.
A tsakiyar makircin akwai makircin kudi da siyasa na ƙungiyar masu zamba - Rashawa. masu hijira. Babban haruffa ne jami'in na Semenovsky Rejimenti Nalymov da kuma tsohuwar gimbiya Chuvashova. Ana tilasta musu su zauna nesa da ƙasarsu. Asarar dukiya da tsohon matsayi ba komai ba ne idan aka kwatanta da yadda wadannan mutane suka yi asarar kansu…
9. Ivan Tsarevich da Grey Wolf
Alexei Nikolaevich ya ba da babbar gudummawa ga ci gaban wallafe-wallafen yara na Rasha. Wuri na musamman yana shagaltar da ayyukan fasahar baka. Ya shirya babban tarin tatsuniyoyi na Rasha don yara.
Daya daga cikin shahararrun - "Ivan Tsarevich da Grey Wolf". Yara fiye da ɗaya sun girma akan wannan tatsuniya. Labarin ban mamaki kasada na ɗan sarki Ivan zai zama abin sha'awa ga yara na zamani.
Labarin yana koyar da alheri kuma yana bayyana cewa kowa yana samun lada gwargwadon hamadarsa. Babban ra'ayin shi ne cewa ya kamata ku saurari shawarar kwararrun mutane, in ba haka ba za ku iya shiga cikin mawuyacin hali.
8. Yarintar Nikita
Labarin Tolstoy, wanda aka rubuta a cikin 1920. Ita ce tarihin rayuwa. Alexei Nikolaevich ya ciyar da yaro a ƙauyen Sosnovka, wanda yake kusa da Samara.
Babban hali Nikita shine yaro daga dangi mai daraja. Yana da shekaru 10. Yana karatu, yana mafarki, yana wasa da yaran ƙauye, yana faɗa da yin zaman lafiya, yana jin daɗi. Labarin ya bayyana duniyar ruhaniyarsa.
Babban ra'ayin aikin "Yaron Nikita" - don koya wa yara su bambanta mai kyau da mara kyau. A wannan lokacin farin ciki ne aka aza harsashin halayen yaron. Ko ya girma a matsayin mutumin da ya cancanta ya dogara ne a kan iyayensa da kuma yanayin da ya girma.
7. Dare mai sanyi
Labarin Yakin Basasa. An rubuta a cikin 1928. An ba da labarin a madadin jami'in Ivanov. Ya jagoranci tawagar Red Army. An ba da umarnin gudanar da mahadar layin dogo na Debaltseve, saboda tuni wasu jami'ai bakwai na White Guard suka doshi nan.
Wasu malaman adabi sun yi imanin cewa Tolstoy ya rubuta "Dare mai sanyi"wahayi daga labarin wani. Ba a sami tabbacin waɗannan abubuwan ba, amma yawancin sunayen da aka ambata a cikin labarin na mutane ne na gaske.
6. Bitrus na Farko
Littafin labari akan jigon tarihi. Alexei Nikolaevich ya rubuta shi shekaru 15. Ya fara aiki a 1929. An buga littattafai biyu na farko a 1934. A cikin 1943, Tolstoy ya fara rubuta kashi na uku, amma bai sami lokacin kammala shi ba.
Littafin ya bayyana ainihin abubuwan tarihi da suka faru daga 1682 zuwa 1704.
"Bitrus na Farko" ba a sani ba a zamanin Soviet. Ya kawo Tolstoy babban nasara. Har ma an kira aikin ma'auni na littafin tarihin tarihi. Marubucin ya zana kamanceceniya tsakanin sarki da Stalin, ya tabbatar da tsarin mulki da ake da shi, wanda ya ginu a kan tashin hankali.
5. Injiniya Hyperboloid Garin
Wani labari mai ban mamaki da aka rubuta a cikin 1927. Tolstoy ya yi wahayi zuwa gare shi don ƙirƙirar shi ta hanyar kukan jama'a game da gina hasumiya na Shukhov. Wannan abin tunawa ne na Soviet rationalism, located a Moscow a kan Shabolovka. Gidan rediyo da talabijin.
Menene littafin novel a kansa? Injiniya Hyperboloid Garin? Mai hazaka da rashin bin ka'ida ya kera makamin da zai lalata duk wani abu da ke kan hanyarsa. Garin yana da manyan tsare-tsare: yana son ya mallaki duniya.
Babban jigon littafin shine alhakin ɗabi'a na masanin kimiyya ga talakawa.
4. Maɓallin Zinariya, ko Kasadar Pinocchio
Zai yiwu mafi shahararren littafin Tolstoy. Kowane mazaunin ƙasarmu ya karanta aƙalla sau ɗaya.
Wannan tatsuniyar tatsuniya ce ta adabi na aikin Carlo Collodi game da Pinocchio. A 1933 Tolstoy ya sanya hannu kan yarjejeniya tare da gidan buga littattafai na Rasha. Zai rubuta nasa labarin aikin Italiyanci, yana daidaita shi ga yara. Collodi yana da wuraren tashin hankali da yawa. Alexei Nikolaevich ya tafi da shi har ya yanke shawarar ƙara ɗan ƙaramin labari, don canza shi. Sakamakon ƙarshe ya zama wanda ba a iya faɗi ba - akwai kaɗan a cikin gama gari tsakanin Pinocchio da Pinocchio.
"Maɓallin Zinariya, ko Kasadar Pinocchio" - ba kawai mai ban sha'awa ba, har ma da aikin koyarwa. Godiya ga shi, yara sun fahimci cewa haɗari sau da yawa suna faruwa saboda rashin biyayya na banal. Littafin yana koyar da kada ku ji tsoron matsaloli, zama aboki mai kirki da aminci, jarumi da jajircewa.
3. Kasadar Nevzorov, ko Ibicus
Wani aikin Tolstoy sadaukar da yakin basasa. Marubucin ya ce labarin "Adventures na Nevzorov, ko Ibicus" ya zama farkon aikinsa na adabi bayan ya dawo Rasha daga ƙaura. Ta samu rashin amincewa a cikin kasar, kamar yadda Tolstoy yayi ƙoƙari ya kwatanta abubuwan da suka faru a cikin hanyar ban dariya.
Mawallafin - ma'aikaci mai girman kai na ofishin sufuri Nevzorov ya fada cikin tashin hankali na abubuwan da suka faru na yakin basasa.
Marubucin ya nuna wani zamani mai wahala na tarihi ta idanun wani dan damfara.
2. Tafiya cikin azabtarwa
Mafi nasara da mashahuri aikin Tolstoy. An baiwa marubucin kyautar Stalin Prize. Ya yi aiki a kan trilogy fiye da shekaru 20 (1920-1941).
A cikin shekara 1937 "Hanya zuwa Kalfari" sun fada cikin litattafai da dama da aka haramta, duk an lalata su. Alexei Nikolaevich ya sake rubuta littafin sau da yawa, yana ketare ɓangarorin da ba su yarda da gwamnatin Soviet ba. Yanzu an haɗa aikin a cikin asusun zinariya na wallafe-wallafen duniya.
Littafin ya bayyana makomar masanan Rasha a lokacin juyin juya halin 1917.
An yi fim ɗin littafin sau da yawa.
1. Aelita
Classics na kasa fantasy. Tolstoy ya rubuta labari a 1923 a gudun hijira. Daga baya, ya sake yin shi akai-akai, yana daidaita shi zuwa ga bukatun yara da kuma gidajen wallafe-wallafen Soviet. Ya kawar da mafi yawan al'amuran sufanci da abubuwan da suka faru, labarin ya juya ya zama labari. A halin yanzu, aikin yana cikin nau'i biyu.
Wannan shi ne labarin injiniya Mstislav Los da soja Alexei Gusev. Sun tashi zuwa Mars kuma sun gano wayewar da ta ci gaba sosai a can. Mstislav ya ƙaunaci 'yar mai mulkin duniyar Aelita ...
Masu suka sun sami labarin mummunan rauni. "Aelitu" godiya da yawa daga baya. Yanzu an dauke shi wani ɓangare na aikin Tolstoy. Yana nufin matasa masu sauraro. Labarin yana da sauƙi kuma yana jin daɗin karantawa.