Contents
Black rhinoceros (Chroogomphus rutilus)
- Rarraba: Basidiomycota (Basidiomycetes)
- Yankin yanki: Agaricomycotina (Agaricomycetes)
- Darasi: Agaricomycetes (Agaricomycetes)
- Subclass: Agaricomycetidae (Agaricomycetes)
- oda: Boletales (Boletales)
- Iyali: Gomphidiaceae (Gomphidiaceae ko Mokrukhovye)
- Halitta: Chroogomphus (Chroogomphus)
- type: Chroogomphus rutilus (Kanada)
- Mokruha pine
- Mokruha mucosa
- Mokruha mai sheki
- Mokruha purple
- Mokruha rawaya-ƙafa
- Gomphidius viscidus
- Gomphidius ja
shugaban: 2-12 cm a diamita, a cikin matasa zagaye, convex, sau da yawa tare da bayyanannun tubercle a tsakiya. Tare da girma, yana daidaitawa, ya zama kusan lebur kuma har ma tare da haɓaka mai tasowa, tubercle na tsakiya, a matsayin mai mulkin, ya kasance, ko da yake ba a bayyana shi ba. Fatar hula tana da santsi kuma ta bambanta da launi daga rawaya zuwa orange, jan ƙarfe, ja, ja mai ja ko ja, yawanci tana yin duhu yayin da take girma. Fuskar hular ta kasance slimy a lokacin ƙuruciya, a cikin yanayin rigar yana da rigar kuma slimy a cikin manya namomin kaza. Amma kar a yi tunanin cewa "mokruha" a koyaushe yana jike. A cikin bushewar yanayi ko sa'o'i biyu bayan girbi, iyakoki sun bushe, su zama bushe, mai sheki ko siliki, mai daɗi ga taɓawa.
faranti: mai saurin saukowa, maras kyau, fadi, wani lokacin reshe, tare da ƴan ruwan wukake. Sauƙi rabu da hula. A cikin ƙaramin mokruha purple, an rufe faranti gaba ɗaya tare da murfin mucosa mai jujjuyawar launi mai launin ruwan hoda-lilac. Launi na faranti a farkon kodadde yellowish, sa'an nan ya zama launin toka-kirfa, kuma yayin da spores girma, sun zama duhu launin ruwan kasa, brownish-baki.
Mokruha shunayya, kamar sauran nau'in, sau da yawa ana shafa shi ne ta hanyar hasara, sannan farantin sa suka ɗauki wannan fom.
kafa: 3,5-12 cm tsayi (har zuwa 18), har zuwa 2,5 cm fadi. Tsakiya, cylindrical, fiye ko žasa uniform, tapering zuwa tushe. Sau da yawa ana karkatar da shi.
A kan kafa, "yankin annular" kusan koyaushe yana bayyane a fili - wata alama ce ta rugujewar gadaje na cobweb-mucous. Wannan ba "zobe" ko "skirt", wannan alama ce mai datti, sau da yawa yana tunawa da ragowar murfin yanar gizo, irin su cobwebs. Launi na tushe a sama da yankin annular yana da haske, daga rawaya zuwa kodadde orange, saman yana da santsi. A ƙasa da yankin annular, kara, a matsayin mai mulkin, dan kadan amma yana fadadawa, launi yana da duhu sosai, yana dacewa da hula, wani lokaci tare da filaye masu launin orange ko ja.
ɓangaren litattafan almara: Pinkish a cikin hula, fibrous a cikin kara, tare da ruwan hoda mai ruwan hoda, rawaya a gindin tushe.
Lokacin zafi (misali, lokacin tafasa), wani lokacin kuma bayan jiƙa, ɓangaren litattafan almara na mokruha mai launin ruwan hoda yana samun cikakkiyar launi "purple" wanda ba za a manta da shi ba.
Tsoffin tsutsotsin tsutsotsi kuma na iya yin fice da naman ruwan hoda-rawaya.
Kamshi da dandano: Mai laushi, ba tare da fasali ba.
Mokrukha purple yana samar da mycorrhiza tare da bishiyar coniferous, musamman pines, sau da yawa tare da larch da cedar. Akwai nassoshi cewa zai iya girma ba tare da conifers ba, tare da Birch. A cewar wasu rahotanni, Chroogomphus rutilus yana lalatar da fungi na halittar Suillus (Oiler) - kuma wannan ya bayyana dalilin da yasa mokruha ke tsiro a inda butterflies ke girma.
Mokruha purple yana tsiro daga farkon watan Agusta zuwa ƙarshen Satumba a cikin gandun daji na Pine da kuma cikin gandun daji tare da admixture na Pine. Yana iya girma duka a cikin tsofaffin dazuzzuka da shuke-shuke matasa, a gefen hanyoyin daji da gefuna. Sau da yawa kusa da wani talakawa man shanu tasa. Yana faruwa guda ɗaya ko cikin ƙananan ƙungiyoyi.
Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa:
Mokruha purple - jinsin da aka saba a Turai da Asiya.
A Arewacin Amurka, wani nau'in nau'in yana tsiro, a zahiri kusan ba a iya bambanta shi da Chroogomphus rutilus. Wannan shine Chroogomphus ochraceus, bambancin da gwajin DNA ya tabbatar (Orson Miller, 2003, 2006). Don haka, Chroogomphus rutilus a fahimtar marubutan Arewacin Amurka ma'ana ce ta Chroogomphus ochraceus.
A shekaru masu daraja, da kuma lokacin damina, duk mokruhas suna kama da juna.
Spruce mokruha (Gomphidius glutinosus)
Yana girma, kamar yadda sunan ke nunawa, tare da spruce, an bambanta shi da launi mai launin shuɗi na hula da haske, farar kafa. Kasan ƙafar ya fi rawaya, a cikin yanke, naman a cikin ƙananan ƙafar yana rawaya, har ma a cikin namomin kaza masu girma.
Mokruha ruwan hoda (Gomphidius roseus)
Wani abu da ba kasafai ake gani ba. Ana iya bambanta shi da sauƙi daga Chroogomphus rutilus ta hular ruwan hoda mai haske da haske, faranti masu launin fari, waɗanda suka zama launin toka, launin toka tare da shekaru, yayin da Mokruha purple yana da sautin launin ruwan faranti.
Naman kaza na yau da kullun. Kafin a tafasa ya zama dole, bayan haka ana iya soyayyen mokruha mai ruwan hoda ko kuma a datse shi. Ana bada shawara don cire fata daga hula.
Hotunan da aka yi amfani da su a cikin labarin da kuma a cikin gallery: Alexander Kozlovskikh da kuma daga tambayoyin da aka sani.