Teratospermia (ko teratozoospermia) wani ɓarna ne na maniyyi wanda ke nuna spermatozoa tare da lahani na ilimin halittar jiki. A sakamakon wannan naƙasasshe, ƙarfin takin maniyyi ya lalace, kuma ma'aurata na iya samun wahalar ɗaukar ciki.

Teratospermia cuta ce ta maniyyi wanda ke da alaƙa da maniyyi tare da lahani na ilimin halittar jiki. Wadannan munanan abubuwan na iya shafar sassa daban -daban na maniyyi:

• kai, wanda ke ɗauke da tsakiya da ke ɗauke da chromosomes na uba 23;
• acrosome, ƙaramin membrane a gaban kai wanda, a lokacin hadi, zai saki enzymes wanda zai ba da damar maniyyi ya ƙetare yankin pellucid na oocyte;
• flagellum, wannan “wutsiya” wacce ke ba shi damar yin motsi don haka ya tashi daga farji zuwa mahaifa sannan kuma bututu, don yuwuwar haɗuwa da oocyte;
• tsaka -tsaki tsakanin tutoci da kai.

Sau da yawa, abubuwan da ba su dace ba sune polymorphic: suna iya zama da yawa, a girma ko siffa, suna shafar duka kai da tutar, suna bambanta daga maniyyi zuwa wani. Zai iya zama globozoospermia (rashin acrosome), flagellum sau biyu ko kai biyu, tulle mai rufi, da dai sauransu.

Duk waɗannan abubuwan da ba su dace ba suna da tasiri a kan ƙarfin haɓakar maniyyi, sabili da haka a kan haihuwar mutum. Tasirin zai zama mafi mahimmanci ko ƙasa da mahimmanci dangane da yawan adadin maniyyin da ya rage. Teratospermia na iya rage damar samun juna biyu, har ma yana haifar da rashin haihuwa ga namiji idan yayi tsanani.

Sau da yawa, teratospermia yana da alaƙa da wasu abubuwan rashin lafiyar maniyyi: oligospermia (isasshen adadin spermatozoa-, asthenospermia (lahani a cikin motsi na maniyyi. Wannan ake kira oligo-astheno-teraozoospermia (OATS)).

Kamar duk abubuwan rashin lafiyar maniyyi, abubuwan da ke haifar da su na iya zama hormonal, kamuwa da cuta, mai guba, ko magani. Siffar ilimin halittar maniyyi shine a zahiri sigar farko da za a canza ta wani abu na waje (bayyanar da gubobi, kamuwa da cuta, da sauransu). Ƙwararru da yawa suna la'akari da cewa gurɓataccen yanayi da gurɓataccen abinci (ta hanyar magungunan kashe ƙwari musamman) yana da tasiri kai tsaye akan ilimin halittar maniyyi.

Amma wani lokacin, ba a samun dalili.

Babban alamar teratospermia shine wahalar yin ciki. Gaskiyar cewa siffar maniyyi ba mahaukaci ba ne, ba zai shafi faruwar ɓarna a cikin ɗan da ba a haifa ba, sai dai damar samun ciki.

Ana gano Teratospermia ta amfani da maniyyi, ɗaya daga cikin gwaje -gwajen farko da aka yi cikin tsari a cikin maza yayin ƙimar rashin haihuwa. Yana ba da damar yin bincike mai ƙima da ƙima na maniyyi godiya ga nazarin sigogi na nazarin halittu daban -daban:

• ƙarar maniyyi;
• pH;
• maida hankali na maniyyi;
• motsi na maniyyi;
• ilimin halittar maniyyi;
• mahimmancin maniyyi.

Bangaren ilimin halittar maniyyi shine mafi tsayi kuma mafi wahala sashin spermogram. A cikin gwajin da ake kira spermocytogram, an gyara maniyyi 200 kuma an tabo akan nunin faifai. Sannan masanin ilimin halittu zaiyi nazarin sassa daban -daban na maniyyi a ƙarƙashin na'urar microscope don tantance adadin maniyyi na al'ada.

Hakanan ana la’akari da nau'in rashin lafiyar ilimin halittar jiki don kimanta tasirin teratospermia akan haihuwa. Akwai rarrabuwa da yawa:

• rabe -raben Dauda da Auger da Eustache suka gyara, har yanzu wasu dakunan gwaje -gwajen Faransa suna amfani da su;
• rarrabuwa na Kruger, rarrabuwa ta duniya ta WHO, ita ce aka fi amfani da ita a duniya. An aiwatar da shi ta amfani da injin na atomatik, wannan ƙarin rarrabuwa "mai tsanani" yana rarrabasu azaman maniyyi na kowane spermatozoon wanda ya karkace, ko da kaɗan, daga nau'in da ake ɗauka al'ada ce.

Idan adadin maniyyi da aka ƙera daidai bai wuce 4% ba bisa ga rarrabuwa na WHO, ko 15% gwargwadon rarrabuwa na Dauda, ​​ana zargin teratospermia. Amma game da kowane rashin lafiyar maniyyi, na biyu ko ma na uku na spermogram za a yi watanni 3 baya (tsawon lokacin sake zagayowar maniyyi shine kwanaki 74) don yin ingantaccen bincike, musamman kamar yadda abubuwa daban -daban na iya yin tasiri kan ilimin halittar maniyyi ( tsawon lokacin kauracewa, shan tabar wiwi na yau da kullun, zazzabin zazzabi, da sauransu).

Gwajin tsira-ƙaura (TMS) yawanci yana kammala ganewar asali. Yana sa ya yiwu a sami kimantawa na adadin maniyyin da ke iya ƙarewa a cikin mahaifa kuma yana iya haɓakar da oocyte.

Yawancin al'adun maniyyi galibi ana haɗa su tare da maniyyi don gano kamuwa da cuta wanda zai iya canza maniyyi kuma ya haifar da lahani na mahaifa.

Idan an sami kamuwa da cuta yayin al'adar maniyyi, za a ba da maganin rigakafi. Idan ana zargin kamuwa da wasu guba (taba, kwayoyi, barasa, magani) shine sanadin teratospermia, kawar da guba zai zama matakin farko na gudanarwa.

Amma wani lokacin ba a sami dalili ba kuma za a miƙa ma ma'auratan yin amfani da ART. Yawan spermatozoon na tsari na yau da kullun shine kyakkyawan alama na iya haɓakar haɓakar maniyyi na spermatozoon, ya ƙunshi wani yanki na yanke shawara, musamman gwajin ƙaura da rayuwa, cikin zaɓin dabarun ART: intra- insemination. mahaifa (IUI), in vitro hadi (IVF) ko in vitro hadi da intracytoplasmic injection (IVF-ICSI).