Tannins (tannins) mahadi ne da shuke-shuke ke samarwa. Suna cikin polyphenols kuma sune mahadi masu amsawa sosai. Tannins suna da ruwa mai narkewa kuma suna da nauyin kwayoyin halitta a cikin kewayon kusan 500 zuwa 3000 Da. Kayayyakin da ke da babban abun ciki na waɗannan mahadi suna da ƙaƙƙarfan ɗanɗano mara daɗi kuma yana iya zama mai guba.
A cikin yanayin tsire-tsire, Tannins suna da aikin kariya, yana hana herbivores. Daga cikin sauran abubuwa, tannins suna samuwa a cikin haushi na itacen oak, willow, spruce, chestnut, larch, gyada ganye, sage, giya, shayi, kwayoyi, a cikin 'ya'yan itatuwa da yawa (kamar blueberries, strawberries, raspberries, cranberries, inabi, rumman, apples), a cikin St. wort, cinquefoil, turnip fyade, cistus jiko da legumes tsaba, buckwheat, duhu cakulan da koko.
Tannins - rushewa
Mun raba tannin zuwa nau'i biyu:
- hydrolysing - a tsakiyar kwayoyin halitta monosaccharide ne, ƙungiyoyin hydroxyl waɗanda aka lalata su tare da ragowar gallic acid ko abubuwan da suka samo asali; suna da sauƙin hydrolysed zuwa raunin acid da tushe ko enzymes;
- wadanda ba hydrolysing (condensed) - ba su ƙunshi saccharide a cikin kwayoyin halitta ba, ana samun su a cikin 'ya'yan itatuwa da tsaba waɗanda ba su da tushe, waɗanda a ƙarƙashin rinjayar ripening an rushe su cikin mahadi tare da ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta.
Tannins - Properties
Tannins suna da kaddarorin da yawa masu amfani ga jikin mutum, ciki har da:
- rage haushi,
- rage itching da konewa,
- suna da anti-mai kumburi da antibacterial Properties,
- tallafawa aikin tsarin rigakafi,
- hana allergies.
Ɗaukar baki, suna da tasiri mai tasiri a kan mucous membranes, hana su permeability, hana, misali, microbleeding daga capillary jini (musamman a cikin gastrointestinal fili).
A cewar masana kimiyya, tannins na iya kare kariya daga kowane nau'i ciwan kansada kuma rage saurin rarraba kwayoyin cutar kansa. Za su iya taimakawa wajen gyara microflora na baki da hanji, kawar da kwayoyin pathogenic. Ƙarfin antioxidant Properties na tannins kawar da free radicals da lalata asali cell tsarin. Suna hana lipid peroxidation da ninka HIV. Suna kuma da tasirin anti-carcinogenic. Sauƙaƙan tannins na hydrolysing suna rushewa a cikin fili na narkewa. Hakanan ana amfani da tannins don magance illar gubar alkaloids.
Hakanan ana amfani da tannins don magance fatar dabbobi. Ayyukan antioxidant na tannins kuma yana da mahimmanci wajen tsawaita rayuwar abinci. Misali shine ruwan inabi ja, wanda, godiya ga tannins, zai iya girma shekaru da yawa kuma ba a oxidized. Saboda sauƙin haɗa tannins tare da ions karfe, ana amfani da su don samun rini.
Yin amfani da tsire-tsire masu yawa a cikin tannins yana hana sha, da sauransu, bitamin, macro- da microelements a cikin gastrointestinal tract. Tannins da ba na ruwa ba suna bazuwa a cikin gastrointestinal tract zuwa mahadi masu guba, suna haifar da guba, don haka ya kamata a guje wa cin 'ya'yan itace mara kyau.