Cututtukan da ake ɗauka ta hanyar jima'i (STDs), yanzu ana kiranta cututtukan da ake ɗauka ta hanyar jima'i (STIs), cututtukan cututtuka ne waɗanda ke haifar da watsa ƙwayoyin cuta yayin saduwa. STD yana buƙatar gano wuri don iyakance haɗarin rikitarwa.

STD shine raguwa ga cututtukan da ake ɗauka ta hanyar jima'i. Wanda aka fi sani da cutar mace, STD cuta ce mai kamuwa da cuta wanda ƙwayoyin cuta daban -daban ke iya haifarwa. Ana watsa su yayin saduwa, komai iri iri, tsakanin abokan tarayya biyu. Wasu STDs kuma ana iya watsa su ta hanyar jini da nono.

STI shine gajarta ga kamuwa da cuta ta hanyar jima'i. A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, acronym IST ya kasance yana maye gurbin taƙaitaccen bayanin MST. A cewar hukumomin lafiyar jama'a, "don amfani da gajeriyar kalmar IST ita ce ƙarfafa gwajin (koda) idan babu alamun cutar". Sabili da haka, bambancin kawai tsakanin STI da STD shine a cikin kalmomin da aka yi amfani da su. Gajerun kalmomin IST da MST suna baiyana cututtuka iri ɗaya.

Ana iya haifar da STI ta fiye da XNUMX cututtukan cututtukan da ake ɗauka ta hanyar jima'i. Wadannan na iya zama:

• kwayoyin, Kamar Treponema pallidum, Neisseria gonorrhea et Chlamydia trachomatis ;
• ƙwayoyin cuta, kamar kwayar cutar garkuwar jikin dan adam (HIV), cutar hepatitis B (HBV), Herpes simplex (HSV) da papillomavirus ɗan adam (PHV);
• parasitesduk da Trichomonas vaginalis.

A cewar Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya (WHO), cututtukan guda takwas da aka ambata a sama suna da hannu a yawancin cututtukan STD. Daga ciki akwai:

• syphilis, kamuwa da kwayoyin cuta Pallidum treponema, wanda ke bayyana a matsayin chancre kuma wanda zai iya ci gaba kuma ya haifar da wasu matsalolin idan ba a kula da su cikin lokaci ba;
• gonorrhea, wanda kuma ake kira gonorrhea ko “hot-piss”, wanda yayi daidai da kamuwa da ƙwayoyin cuta Neisseria gonorrhoeae;
• cutar chlamydiose, sau da yawa ana kiranta chlamydia, wanda ke haifar da kamuwa da ƙwayoyin cuta Chlamydia trachomatis kuma wanda yana daya daga cikin cututtukan da aka fi sani da STIs a kasashen Yammacin Turai;
• trichomoniasis, kamuwa da m Trichomonas vaginalis, wanda galibi ana bayyana shi a cikin mata ta fitar da farji tare da ƙaiƙayi da ƙonawa;
• kamuwa da cutar hepatitis B (VHB), wanda ke haifar da lalacewar hanta;
• ƙwayoyin mata, sanadiyyar cutar Herpes simplex, galibi rubuta nau'in 2 (HSV-2), wanda ke bayyana azaman raunin vesicular a cikin al'aura;
• kamuwa da cuta kwayar cutar garkuwar jikin dan adam (HIV), wanda ke da alhakin Ciwon Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙasa (AIDS);
• kamuwa da cuta ta ɗan adam papillomavirus, wanda zai iya haifar da condyloma, raunin al'aura na waje, kuma wanda zai iya haɓaka ci gaban cutar sankarar mahaifa.

Ana iya yada STDs yayin jima'i, kowane iri, tsakanin abokan biyu. Ana gano su sau da yawa a cikin samari. Wasu STIs kuma ana iya yada su daga uwa zuwa yaro.

Alamomin cutar sun bambanta daga wannan STD zuwa wani. Suna kuma iya bambanta a cikin maza da mata. Duk da haka, akwai wasu alamomi na STI, kamar:

• lalacewar al'aura, wanda zai iya haifar da haushi, itching, redness, ƙonewa, raunuka ko ma kuraje;
• fitowar sabon abu daga farji, azzakari ko dubura;
• konewa yayin fitsari;
• dyspaneuria, wato jin zafi da / ko kona ji yayin saduwa;
• zafi a cikin ƙananan ciki;
• alamun alaƙa kamar zazzabi da ciwon kai.

Babban mawuyacin haɗari ga STDs shine jima'i mai haɗari, wato, jima'i mara kariya.

Yana yiwuwa a hana ci gaban STD ta iyakance haɗarin kamuwa da cuta:

• isasshen kariya yayin saduwa, musamman ta hanyar sanya kwaroron roba na namiji ko mace;
• allurar rigakafin wasu ƙwayoyin cuta, kamar cutar hepatitis B (HBV) da papillomavirus ɗan adam (HPV).

Idan cikin shakku, ana kuma ba da shawarar yin gwajin STD. Ganowa da wuri yana ba da damar yin magani da sauri kuma yana iyakance haɗarin yaduwa.

Ana ba da shawarar gwajin STI idan akwai shakku ko jima'i mai haɗari. Wannan gwajin yana da mahimmanci saboda yana iya zama mai ɗaukar STI ba tare da sanin shi ba. Don ƙarin bayani akan waɗannan gwaje -gwajen gwajin, zaku iya samun bayanai daga:

• kwararren likita kamar babban likita, likitan mata ko ungozoma;
• bayanai kyauta, cibiyar bincike da cibiyar bincike (CeGIDD);
• cibiyar tsara iyali da ilimi (CPEF).

Gudanar da aikin likita na STD ya dogara da wakili mai cutar. Yayin da wasu cututuka masu warkarwa ke warkewa, wasu kuma ba su warkewa kuma har yanzu batun binciken kimiyya ne.

Wasu STD masu warkarwa sun haɗa da syphilis, gonorrhea, chlamydia, da trichomoniasis. Karatun kimiyya na ci gaba da nemo magunguna don STDs marasa warkarwa kamar kamuwa da ƙwayar cutar ɗan adam (HIV), kamuwa da cutar papillomavirus (HPV), hepatitis B da kuma al'aurar mata.