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Tare da guba, akwai nau'ikan layuka masu yawa. Gaskiya ne, ana iya amfani da su a cikin abinci kawai bayan tafasa na farko. Dangane da hoto da bayanin, namomin kaza masu tuƙi iri ɗaya ne, don haka yana iya zama da wahala ga masu son su bambanta namomin kaza masu guba daga waɗanda ba masu guba ba. An shawarci ƙwararrun ƙwararrun naman gwari don tantance waɗannan kyaututtuka na gandun daji don cin abinci kamar haka: duba yadda namomin kaza ke tafiya a cikin hasken rana - idan hulunansu ba su da wata inuwa, an zana su a cikin santsi, farin launi, irin wannan namomin kaza ya kamata a kauce masa. . Namomin kaza masu cin naman gwari ko da yaushe suna launin launi: lilac, purple, pinkish, da dai sauransu. iri iri masu guba kuma suna da wari mai faɗi. Idan ba ku san menene layuka ba, yana da kyau kada ku tattara namomin kaza na wannan nau'in don guje wa guba.
A cikin wannan labarin, za ku ga hotuna na layuka masu cin abinci na nau'i daban-daban (rawaya-ja, launin toka, purple, tattabara da violet), ba da bayanin su, kuma ku gaya muku inda suke girma.
Naman kaza yana tuƙi rawaya-ja da hotonsa
category: abin ci na sharadi
Hat na Tricholomopsis rutilans (diamita 6-17 cm) rawaya-ja, tare da jajayen Sikeli, convex. Bayan lokaci, yana canza siffar zuwa kusan lebur. Velvety, bushe don taɓawa.
Kafa na rawaya-ja ja (tsawo 5-12 cm): m da lankwasa, tare da fibrous Sikeli tare da dukan tsawon da kuma sananne thickening a ainihin tushe. Launi yayi kama da hula.
Records: sinuous, lemo mai haske ko rawaya mai wadata.
Kula da hoton layin rawaya-ja: namansa kalar faranti ne. Yana da ɗanɗano mai ɗaci, yana wari kamar ruɓaɓɓen itace.
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Biyu: ba ya nan.
Lokacin girma: daga tsakiyar watan Yuli zuwa karshen Oktoba a cikin yanayin zafi na kasarmu.
Inda za a samu: a cikin gandun daji na coniferous akan ruɓaɓɓen kututture da matattun itace.
Cin: akasari matasa namomin kaza a cikin gishiri ko tsintsin tsari, ƙarƙashin tafasa na farko.
Aikace-aikace a cikin magungunan gargajiya: baya amfani.
Wasu sunaye: ruwan zuma agaric, blushing jere, rawaya-ja zuma agaric, karya rawaya-ja zuma agaric, ja zuma agaric.
Layin launin toka mai cin abinci: hoto da bayanin (Tricholoma portentosum)
category: mai ci.
Hat (diamita 3-13 cm): yawanci launin toka, da wuya tare da launin shunayya ko zaitun, mafi tsananin ƙarfi a tsakiya, tare da ƙayyadaddun tubercle. Convex ko conical, ya zama sujada na tsawon lokaci, a cikin tsofaffin namomin kaza ya juya. Gefuna galibi ba su da daidaituwa kuma suna kaɗawa ko an rufe su da fasa, lanƙwasa zuwa ciki. A cikin ruwan sanyi, m, sau da yawa tare da barbashi na ƙasa ko ciyawa makale da shi.
Kafa (tsawo 4,5-16 cm): fari ko rawaya, yawanci foda. Mai kauri a gindin, ci gaba da fibrous, m a cikin tsofaffin namomin kaza.
Records: sinuous, fari ko rawaya.
Ɓangaren litattafan almara m da fibrous, launi iri ɗaya da faranti. Ba shi da ƙamshi bayyananne.
Hoto da bayanin layin launin toka mai cin abinci yayi kama da nau'in guba na naman kaza, don haka kuna buƙatar yin hankali lokacin ɗaukar namomin kaza.
Biyu: Rowing earthy (Tricholoma terreum), wanda ya fi karami kuma yana da ƙananan ma'auni akan hula. Layin sabulu (Tricholoma saponaceum) yana da sauƙin rarrabewa ta wurin warin sabulun wanki a wurin yanke. Layin da aka nuna mai guba (Tricholoma virgatum) yana da ɗanɗano mai ƙonawa, akwai bututu mai kaifi mai launin toka akan hular ash-fari. Kuma jeri daban-daban (Tricholoma sejunctum), wanda ke cikin rukunin masu cin abinci na yanayi, yana da wari sosai da launin kore na kafa.
Lokacin girma: daga karshen watan Agusta zuwa tsakiyar Nuwamba a cikin kasashe masu zafi na Arewacin Hemisphere.
Cin: naman kaza yana da dadi a kowane nau'i, kawai dole ne ka fara cire fata kuma ka wanke shi sosai. Bayan dafa abinci, launi na ɓangaren litattafan almara yakan yi duhu. Namomin kaza na shekaru daban-daban sun dace da dalilai na dafa abinci.
Yi amfani da magungunan gargajiya (ba a tabbatar da bayanan ba kuma ba a gwada su ta asibiti ba!): a cikin nau'i na tincture. Yana da kaddarorin maganin rigakafi.
A ina zan samu: a kan ƙasa mai yashi na coniferous ko gauraye
Wasu sunaye: hatched, podsosnovnik, podzelenka.
Layin naman kaza mai ruwan hoda: hoto da bayanin
category: abin ci na sharadi.
Hul ɗin namomin kaza jere na Violet (Lepista nuda) (diamita 5-22 cm): Violet tare da nau'i daban-daban na tsanani, a bayyane ya ɓace, musamman a gefuna, a cikin tsofaffin namomin kaza ya zama launin ruwan kasa-buffy. Nama da babba. Siffar ɓangarorin a hankali tana canzawa zuwa sujada, baƙin ciki mai ƙarfi ko siffa mai siffa. Gefen hular naman kaza suna lankwasa sosai zuwa ciki. Don jin santsi, ba tare da kumbura ko tsagewa ba.
Dubi hoton layin shunayya: naman kaza yana da santsi, mai tsayi mai tsayi 5-12 cm. Ainihin, tushe yana da tsayi mai tsayi, a cikin tsohuwar namomin kaza yana iya zama m. Yana da siffar silinda, a ƙarƙashin hular kanta akwai sutura mai laushi, kuma a gindin tushe akwai mycelium purple. Tapers daga kasa zuwa sama. A tsawon lokaci, yana haskakawa sosai daga shunayya mai haske zuwa launin toka-lilac da launin ruwan kasa mai haske.
Records: A cikin matashin naman kaza, suna da fadi da sirara, tare da tint lilac-violet, a ƙarshe sun zama kodadde kuma suna samun launin ruwan kasa. Sanannen a bayan kafafu.
Ɓangaren litattafan almara haske purple da taushi sosai, kamshin yana kama da anisi.
Hoto da bayanin layin shunayya yayi kama da layin violet.
Biyu:Rowing earthy (Tricholoma terreum), wanda ya fi karami kuma yana da ƙananan ma'auni akan hula. Layin sabulu (Tricholoma saponaceum) yana da sauƙin rarrabewa ta wurin warin sabulun wanki a wurin yanke. Layin da aka nuna mai guba (Tricholoma virgatum) yana da ɗanɗano mai ƙonawa, akwai bututu mai kaifi mai launin toka akan hular ash-fari. Kuma jeri daban-daban (Tricholoma sejunctum), wanda ke cikin rukunin masu cin abinci na yanayi, yana da wari sosai da launin kore na kafa.
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Lokacin girma: daga tsakiyar watan Agusta zuwa farkon Disamba a kasashe masu zafi na Arewacin Hemisphere.
A ina zan samu: a kan zuriyar gandun daji na coniferous da gauraye dazuzzuka, yafi kusa da itacen oak, spruces ko pine, sau da yawa akan tsibi na takin, bambaro ko buroshi. Siffofin "da'irar mayya".
Cin: bayan zafi magani a kowace hanya. Ana soya shi sosai kuma an dafa shi, don haka bushewa shine mafi kyawun zaɓi.
Yi amfani da magungunan gargajiya (ba a tabbatar da bayanan ba kuma ba a gwada su ta asibiti ba!): a matsayin diuretic.
Muhimmin! Tunda layuka masu launin shuɗi suna cikin nau'in namomin kaza na saprophytic, bai kamata a taɓa cinye su danye ba. Irin wannan rashin kulawa zai iya haifar da mummunan ciwon ciki.
Wasu sunaye: titmouse, lepista tsirara, cyanosis, lepista purple.
Menene sauran layuka: tattabara da violet
Layin Tattabara (Tricholoma columbetta) - namomin kaza masu cin abinci.
Hat (diamita 5-12 cm): fari ko launin toka, na iya zama tare da korayen ko rawaya. Nama, sau da yawa tare da gefuna masu kauri da fashe. A cikin matasa namomin kaza, yana da siffa ta hemisphere, wanda a ƙarshe ya canza zuwa mai sujada. Filayen yana da ɗanko sosai a cikin yanayin rigar.
Kafa (tsawo 6-11 cm, diamita 1-3 cm): sau da yawa mai lankwasa, fari, na iya zama kore a gindi.
Records: fadi da m. Matasa namomin kaza fari ne, manya ja ko launin ruwan kasa.
Kamar yadda ake iya gani a cikin hoton naman gwari mai cin abinci, ɓangaren ɓangaren wannan nau'in yana da yawa sosai, yana juya dan kadan ruwan hoda a wurin da aka yanke. Yana fitar da wari na musamman.
Biyu: inedible farin jere (Tricholoma album) tare da launin ruwan kasa tushe na kara da wani musamman m wari.
Lokacin girma: daga farkon watan Agusta zuwa karshen watan Satumba a cikin kasashen nahiyar Eurasia tare da yanayin yanayi.
A ina zan samu: a cikin dazuzzukan dazuzzuka da gauraye. Hakanan yana iya girma a fili, musamman a wuraren kiwo ko makiyaya.
Cin: naman kaza ya dace da gishiri da pickling. A ƙarƙashin rinjayar yanayin zafi mai zafi a lokacin magani na zafi, naman naman jirgin ruwa ya juya ja, amma wannan baya rinjayar abubuwan dandano.
Aikace-aikace a cikin magungunan gargajiya: baya amfani.
Wasu sunaye: jere mai launin shuɗi.
Violet jere (Lip Irina) Hakanan yana cikin nau'in namomin kaza da ake ci.
Hat (diamita 3-14 cm): yawanci fari, rawaya ko launin ruwan kasa. A cikin matasa namomin kaza, yana da siffar hemisphere, wanda a ƙarshe ya canza zuwa kusan lebur. Gefuna ba daidai ba ne kuma suna kaɗa. Yana jin santsi don taɓawa.
Kafar layin Violet (tsawo 3-10 cm): ya fi sauƙi fiye da hula, yana tafe daga ƙasa zuwa sama. Fibrous, wani lokacin tare da ƙananan ma'auni.
Ɓangaren litattafan almara mai taushi sosai, fari ko ruwan hoda mai ɗanɗano, ba tare da ɗanɗano ba, ƙanshin masara sabo ne.
Biyu: smoky talker (Clitocybe nebularis), wanda yake babba kuma yana da gefuna masu kauri.
Lokacin girma: daga tsakiyar watan Agusta zuwa farkon Nuwamba a kasashe masu zafi na Arewacin Hemisphere.
A ina zan samu: a cikin gauraye da dazuzzuka.
Cin: ƙarƙashin maganin zafi na farko.
Aikace-aikace a cikin magungunan gargajiya: baya amfani.