Reye's syndrome cuta ce mai ƙanƙanta da ba mai kumburi wanda ke iya haifar da lahani ga hanta da kwakwalwa. Idan ba a yi maganin cutar da sauri ba, tana iya haifar da lalacewar kwakwalwa ko ma ta mutu ga mutum.

Abubuwan da cutar Reye ta fi shafa sau da yawa sune yara da matasa waɗanda shekarunsu ba su wuce 20. Duk da haka, an riga an gano lamuran tsofaffi. (1)

Yaduwar wannan cuta a Faransa (adadin masu cutar a wani lokaci, a cikin yawan jama'a) ya kai adadin 0.08 a cikin yara 100.

An gabatar da hanyar haɗi da sakamako a cikin Amurka lokacin shan aspirin da haɓaka ciwon Reye.

An kimanta wannan alaƙar a Faransa (tsakanin 1995 da 1996). Na karshen ya ba da damar ƙidayar yara 8 da ke ƙasa da shekaru 15 da ke fama da wannan ciwo da shan aspirin. Tambayar amfanin fa'ida / haɗarin haɗarin aspirin duk da haka bai yi tasiri ba duk da gargaɗi. Wannan kulawa ta musamman ga takardar maganin aspirin ya shafi yara masu kamuwa da cututtukan hoto, kamar ƙyanda, mura, da sauransu.

A cikin wannan ma'anar, ANSM (Hukumar Kula da Lafiya da Magunguna ta ƙasa) ta kafa gaskiyar cewa bai kamata a ba da acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin) ga yaran da ke fama da irin wannan ƙwayar cutar ba sai dai idan duk sauran matakan sun gaza. . Bugu da ƙari, idan akwai amai, rikicewar jijiyoyin jiki, rikicewar hankali ko halayyar mahaukaci, dole ne a dakatar da wannan magani. (3)

Alamomin da aka fi danganta su da ciwon Reye sune: (1)

- amai ba gaira ba dalili;

- rashin ƙarfi: rashin sha’awa, sha’awa da kuzari;

- bacci;

- yawan numfashi;

- fargaba.

Waɗannan alamomin “gabaɗaya” galibi suna bayyana kwanaki kaɗan bayan kamuwa da cutar.

A wasu lokuta, waɗannan alamun farko na iya ci gaba zuwa ga mafi tsananin: (1)

- rikicewar hali: rashin bacci, tashin hankali, halin tashin hankali, da sauransu;

- yanayin rudani da tashin hankali wanda wani lokaci ana iya alakanta shi da hasashe;

- rashin sani wanda zai iya haifar da suma.

Tattaunawar likita dole ne ya kasance da wuri ya fara tuhuma da wannan ciwon a cikin yaro.

Kodayake waɗannan nau'ikan alamun ba lallai bane suna da alaƙa da cutar Reye, ya zama dole a tabbatar da hasashen don tabbatarwa ko a'a ci gaban cutar. A wannan yanayin, ya zama tilas a gargaɗi likita game da yuwuwar shan aspirin a ƙuruciya wanda zai iya kasancewa yana da alaƙa da ci gaban wannan ciwo. Bugu da ƙari, idan yaron bai sami takardar izini don shan aspirin a baya ba, za a iya cire yiwuwar ci gaban cutar. (1)

A halin yanzu ba a san ainihin asalin cutar Reye ba. Koyaya, galibin cututtukan sun shafi yara da matasa (waɗanda shekarunsu ba su kai 20 ba) suna murmurewa daga kamuwa da ƙwayoyin cuta, kuma musamman mura ko ƙyanda. Bugu da ƙari, waɗannan marasa lafiya suna da takardar sayan magani don asfirin a maganin wannan ƙwayar cuta. A cikin wannan ma'anar, magani tare da aspirin na virosis ya sa ya zama mafi yawan abin da aka samo.

 Ƙarin wani abu a cikin haɓaka wannan ilimin cututtukan yana haifar da ƙananan sifofi a cikin sel: mitochondria, waɗanda suka lalace.

Waɗannan sifofin salula suna ba da kuzarin da ake buƙata don haɓaka sel. Suna da mahimmanci musamman don ingantaccen aikin hanta. Lallai, mitochondria kuma yana tace guba daga cikin jini kuma yana da hannu a cikin daidaita sukari na jini (matakan sukari) a cikin jiki.

A cikin mahallin inda waɗannan hanyoyin sarrafa hanta ke tasiri, hanta na iya lalacewa. Rushewar hanta yana haifar da samar da sunadarai masu guba. Ta hanyar wucewa ta cikin jini, waɗannan guba na iya lalata dukkan kwayoyin halitta kuma musamman ma kwakwalwa. (1)

Wasu cututtuka kuma na iya zama sanadin alamun da ke tattare da ciwon Reye. A cikin wannan ma'anar, ana iya yanke hukuncin gano irin wannan ciwon a ƙarƙashin wasu yanayi. Wadannan sauran pathologies sun haɗa da:

- ciwon sankarau: kumburin membranes masu kariya da ke rufe kwakwalwa da kashin baya;

- encephalitis: kumburin kwakwalwa;

- cututtukan da ke haɗuwa tare da rikicewar rayuwa wanda ke shafar halayen sunadarai na kwayoyin halitta. Mafi na kowa shine: acyl-CoA matsakaici sarkar dehydrogenase (MCADD).

Babban haɗarin haɗarin ciwon Reye shine galibi shan asfirin lokacin kula da kamuwa da cutar mura ko ƙyanda a cikin yara ko samari.

Sanin wannan cuta yana farawa da bambance -bambancen bincike dangane da alamomin da mai haƙuri ya gabatar da kuma tarihinsa, musamman dangane da shan aspirin yayin kula da kamuwa da ƙwayoyin cuta.

Binciken jini da fitsari kuma na iya ba da damar gano cutar ta Reye a cikin ma'anar cewa ana iya samun halayen guba na ƙwayar cuta a cikin waɗannan ruwan jikin. Kasancewar waɗannan abubuwa masu cutarwa ga jiki shine tushen aikin hanta mara kyau.

Sauran gwaje -gwaje kuma na iya zama abin nuna alamun cutar:

- na'urar daukar hotan takardu, yana ba da damar haskaka duk wani kumburi a cikin kwakwalwa;

- huɗar lumbar, lokacin da aka ɗauki samfurin ruwan cerebrospinal daga cikin kashin baya kuma aka bincika don bincika yiwuwar kasancewar ƙwayoyin cuta ko ƙwayoyin cuta;

- biopsy na hanta, inda ake ɗaukar samfurin ƙwayar hanta kuma ana bincika ta ƙarƙashin na'urar microscope don sanin kasancewar ko babu ƙwayoyin da ke da alaƙa da cutar Reye.

Dole ne a aiwatar da maganin cutar da zaran an gano cutar.

Manufar magani ita ce rage girman alamomi da ba da damar gabobin jiki su yi ayyukansu tare da kare kwakwalwa daga yiwuwar lalacewar da cutar ke iya haifarwa.

Ana iya gudanar da adadin magunguna da yawa, galibi cikin jini, kamar:

- electrolytes da ruwa, yana ba da damar dawo da ma'aunin gishiri, ma'adanai da abubuwan gina jiki a cikin jiki (musamman glycemia a cikin jini);

- diuretics: don taimakawa hanta cikin aikinsa;

- detoxifiers na ammoniya;

- anticonvulsants, a cikin maganin cututtukan farfaɗiya.

Hakanan ana iya ba da taimako na numfashi a wurin da yaron ke da wahalar numfashi.

Da zarar kumburin kwakwalwa ya ragu, sauran muhimman ayyukan jiki galibi suna komawa daidai. (1)