La prostate shine gland shine yaketsarin haihuwa na namiji. Yana kusa da mafitsara kuma, kamar zobe, yana kewaye da urethra, tashar da fitsari da maniyyi ke fita daga jiki. Aikin prostate shi ne ta samar da ruwan prostate, daya daga cikin abubuwan da ke tattare da maniyyi tare da ruwan maniyyi da maniyyi, ta rika ajiye maniyyi na dan lokaci kafin fitar maniyyi, sannan sai ta yi karo da juna yayin fitar maniyyi, ta yadda za a shiga aikin fitar maniyyi. fitar da maniyyi.

Le prostate ciwon daji shine mafi yawan nau'in ciwon daji a cikin maza: an kiyasta cewa 1 a cikin 7 maza za a gano tare da shi, mafi yawan lokuta a cikin XNUMXs. Kodayake ba a gano takamaiman dalilin ba, akwai a kwayoyin halittar jini.

Yawancin ciwon daji na prostate suna ci gaba a hankali. Bugu da ƙari, yawancin mazan da aka gano wannan ciwon daji za su mutu saboda wani dalili. Sau da yawa da tumo ya rage a cikin prostate kuma yana da iyakacin illolin lafiya, wani lokacin yana haifarwa ciwon fitsari ko rashin karfin mazakuta. Duk da haka, wasu ciwon daji na iya girma da yaduwa cikin sauri.

A Faransa, cutar sankara ta prostate ita ce cutar kansar maza da ta fi yawa (sabbin cututtuka 71 da aka kiyasta a cikin 200) kuma na uku babban dalilin mutuwar kansar a cikin maza (mutuwar 2011 a kowace shekara). Tsakanin shekarun ganewar asali shine shekaru 3, kuma kashi 8% na cututtukan prostate ana gano su bayan shekaru 700. Matsakaicin shekarun mutuwa daga cutar sankara ta prostate shine 74, wanda shine kusan matsakaicin tsawon rayuwar maza a Faransa. Ciwon daji na prostate ciwon daji ne tare da kyakkyawan hangen nesa: rayuwar dangi na shekaru 44 ya inganta sosai, daga 75% na lokuta da aka gano a cikin 78 zuwa 5% a cikin 70.

Prostate cancer shine 2^e sanadin mutuwar kansar namiji a Arewacin Amurka, bayan ciwon huhu.

iri

THEadenocarcinoma shine mafi yawan nau'in ciwon daji na prostate. Yana wakiltar kusan kashi 95% na lokuta.

Mummunan ciwon daji ya dogara da girman tumo (na gida, tare da metastases na kusa ko nesa) da nau'in ciwon dajiAkwai maki don auna hasashen hasashen ciwon daji na prostate, wato haɗarin da yake bayarwa ga wanda abin ya shafa. Wannan shine makin Gleason.

Wannan makin yana ba da lambobi biyu daga 3 zuwa 5 lokacin nazarin ƙwayar prostate a ƙarƙashin na'urar hangen nesa, lambobi masu dacewa da maki 3, 4 ko 5. Lamba 3 yayi daidai da mafi ƙarancin nama na prostate da lamba 5 zuwa mafi girma.

Tare da waɗannan alkalumman, don samun maki wanda zai iya bambanta daga 2 zuwa 10, muna ƙara maki 2, na yawan adadin ƙwayoyin sel a cikin prostate kuma mafi girman maki da aka gani. Don haka, maki na 6 (1-1) yayi daidai da ƙananan ciwon daji, 7 kaɗan kaɗan, kuma mafi girman adadin, yawan zafin ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta yana ƙaruwa. Wannan lambar tana da mahimmanci wajen tantance zaɓin mafi kyawun magani ga kowane namiji.

Bincike da dubawa

·         Gwajin jini: auna matakin antigen prostate (APS ou PSA). Ana iya gano kansar prostate ta hanyar ganin karuwa a cikin furotin a cikin jini: takamaiman antigen na prostate ko PSA. PSA wani abu ne da prostate ke samarwa. Koyaya, babban sakamako akan wannan gwajin ba lallai bane yana nufin akwai a ciwon daji. Lalle ne, adadin fiye da 4 nanograms / ml na wannan furotin a cikin jini yana da alaƙa da ciwon daji na prostate a kusan kashi 25% na lokuta, kuma tare da wata cuta ta prostate a cikin 75% na lokuta. A yayin da ba ciwon daji ba, PSA mai girma na iya yin daidai da hyperplasia na prostate mara kyau, kumburi ko kamuwa da prostate. prostate.

A gefe guda, gwajin PSA baya gano duk lokuta na ciwon daji. A cikin binciken da ke kimanta tasirin gwajin PSA, 15% na mazan da suka gwada rashin kyau akan wannan gwajin (daga ƙungiyar maza 2 masu shekaru 950 zuwa 62) suna da ciwon gurguwar prostate91. Bari mu ambaci cewa Farashin PSA Ana kuma amfani da shi don saka idanu kan yanayin ciwon daji na prostate.

Biopsy ba shi da komaiilla. Mafi na kowa ne kasancewar ga wani ɗan gajeren lokaci na jini a cikin fitsari, stool ko maniyyi, zazzabi da kamuwa da prostate.

A aikace:

- Idan prostate ba ta da kyau a kan gwajin dijital na dijital kuma ɓacin rai yana nuna ciwon daji, ana yin biopsy, koda kuwa PSA na al'ada ne.

- Idan prostate ya kasance al'ada akan palpation kuma PSA ya fi 4 ng / ml, za a yi biopsy idan PSA ta karu akan lokaci.

• Taɓarɓarewar hannu. Dalilinsa shine palpation na prostate gland shine yake. Don yin wannan, likita ya sanya yatsan da aka rufe da safar hannu a cikin dubura kuma zai iya kimanta girma da daidaito na prostate. Wannan karimcin yana ba da izinin yabo kaɗan kawai. Amma wani lokaci yana iya gano ciwon daji a cikin mutanen da ke da adadinmaganin rigakafi mai sujada musamman (= APS ko PSA don "Prostate Specific Antigen") na al'ada.
  • Transrectal duban dan tayi. Ana yin shi kawai don yin biopsy na prostate kuma ba shi da sha'awa da kansa.
  • Biopsy a lokacin transrectal duban dan tayi. Yayin duban dan tayi, likita na iya jagorantar allura don yin aiki na biopsies na prostate, wato, ɗaukar ɗan ƙaramin ƙwayar prostate don a duba shi a ƙarƙashin na'urar hangen nesa. Wannan yana ba da damar ƙididdige makin Gleason. Biopsy ne kawai zai iya tantance kansar prostate tare da tabbas. Ana yin biopsy yawanci ta amfani da allura da aka saka a cikin prostate. Ana ɗaukar samfuran nama 10 zuwa 12 a cikin zama ɗaya, a wurare daban-daban na prostate

    Ana amfani da wannan fasaha don dalilai ganewar asali, ba dubawa. Wannan yana nufin ana yin ta ne lokacin da mutum yana da babban PSA ko lokacin da gwajin duburar dijital ya gano prostate mara kyau.