Pluteus atromarginatus hoto da bayanin

Pluteus aromarginatus (Pluteus atromarginatus)

:

• Plutey baki-baki
• Plutey baƙar fata-extreme
• Pluteus nigrofloccosus
• Pluteus cervinus var. nigrofloccosus
• Pluteus cervinus var. aromarginatus
• Pluteus tricuspidate
• Pluteus umbrosus ss. Bresadola shine homonym na umber blubber (Pluteus umbrosus)

Sunan yanzu shine Pluteus atromarginatus (Konrad) Kühner (1935)

Etymology na epithet daga atromarginatus, a, um, tare da baki mai duhu. Daga ater, atra, atrum, duhu, baƙar fata, launuka masu laushi + margino, avi, atum, sune, iyaka, firam.

shugaban 4-10 (12) cm a diamita, a cikin samari samfurori hemispherical-campanulate, convex ko flattened lokacin da cikakke, sau da yawa tare da m, dan kadan protruding tubercle, gefen ne wavy, santsi, ba tare da tsagi, sau da yawa radially fatattaka, forming musamman lobes.

Launi yana da duhu launin ruwan kasa, wani lokacin kusan baƙar fata, musamman a tsakiyar hular, wanda yawanci ya fi duhu. Cuticle (nama mai mahimmanci na hula, fata) yana da mucosa a cikin yanayin rigar, wanda aka wakilta ta filaye na radial ingrown, kuma a tsakiyar hular - ta ƙananan ma'auni na bristly, musamman a bayyane a cikin bushe bushe. Bakin ciki yana da yawa, mai matsakaicin jiki a tsakiya, bakin ciki tare da gefen. Launi na ɓangaren litattafan almara shine marmara-fari, a ƙarƙashin cuticle - launin ruwan kasa-launin toka, ba ya canzawa a kan yanke. Kamshin yana da ɗanɗano kaɗan kaɗan, ɗanɗanon yana da laushi, ɗanɗano mai daɗi.

Hymenophore naman kaza - lamellar. Faranti suna da kyauta, akai-akai, ko da yaushe tare da faranti na tsayi daban-daban, a cikin matasa namomin kaza suna da fari, cream, salmon, tare da shekaru sun zama ruwan hoda, ruwan hoda-launin ruwan kasa. Iyakar faranti kusan koyaushe ana fentin baki-launin ruwan kasa.

Ana ganin wannan launi a fili lokacin kallon faranti daga gefe, kuma yana da kyau a bayyane idan dauke da gilashin ƙara girma.

Wannan siffa ce daya daga cikin manyan abubuwan da ke bambance naman gwari, kuma ta sanya sunan wannan nau'in tofa.

spore buga ruwan hoda.

Jayayya ruwan hoda (a cikin taro) (5,7) 6,1-7,3 (8,1) × (3,9) 4,2-5,1 (5,4) µm, faffadan ellipsoidal, santsi.

Basidia 20-30 × 6,0-10,0 µm, 4-spore, tare da dogon sterigmata 2-3 (4) µm.

Cheilocystidia suna da bakin ciki-bango tare da launin ruwan kasa, mai siffar pear, mai siffar zobe da ellipsoid. Girma (15) 20-45 × 8-20 µm.

Pleurocystids sune fusiform, nau'in pear, mai siffar zobe, mai kauri, mai kauri, hyaline (a gefen faranti tare da abun ciki mai launin ruwan kasa), tare da matakan 2-5 mara kyau a koli, 60-110 × 15-25 µm

Pileipellis. Hyphae tare da manne (halayen), bakin ciki-bango, iyakoki a cikin cuticle da ke kunshe da sel 10-25 μm a diamita tare da abun ciki mai launin ruwan kasa, a cikin cuticle na kara - daga sel hyaline na cylindrical 5-15 μm a diamita.

kafa tsakiyar 4-12 cm tsayi da 0,5-2 cm lokacin farin ciki, daga silindi (mai bakin ciki a hula) tare da ɗan kauri kaɗan zuwa tushe, da wuya zuwa sifar kulob. Fuskar fari ce mai santsi tare da launin ruwan siliki mai tsayi mai tsayi, zaruruwa masu duhu. Naman fari ne, ya fi yawa kuma ya fi na hula.

Pluteus atromarginatus wani saprotroph ne akan kututturewa, matattun itace ko matattun bishiyoyi na coniferous (spruce, pine, fir), ragowar bishiyoyi da aka binne, sawdust a cikin gandun daji na coniferous da gauraye. Yana girma guda ɗaya ko cikin ƙananan ƙungiyoyi daga Yuli zuwa Oktoba. Rarraba a Asiya, Turai, Japan, Transcaucasia. A cikin Ƙasarmu, an rubuta abubuwan da aka gano a cikin Perm da Primorsky Territories, Samara, Leningrad, da Rostov.

A bayyane yake, naman kaza yana da abinci, amma saboda rarity, furta fibrous kara, shi ba ya wakiltar wani dafuwa darajar ko kadan.

Ma'anar wannan naman gwari yana da wuya ya haifar da matsaloli saboda yanayin launi na iyakar (haƙarƙari) na faranti, amma har yanzu yana iya rikicewa tare da wasu nau'in.

bulalar barewa (Pluteus cervinus)

Ya bambanta da launi na iyakar faranti (launi mai launi a kan dukan yanki), a cikin ƙanshin horseradish (ko radish) kuma a mafi yawan lokuta yana girma a kan bishiyoyi masu tsayi.

Umber bulala (Pluteus umbrosus)

Launi mai launin ruwan kasa na haƙarƙari na faranti shima yana da halayen ɓangarorin umber (Pluteus umbrosus), amma wannan nau'in ya bambanta da P. duhu-baki a cikin hat ɗin gaba ɗaya mai gashin gashi tare da tsarin radial-mesh da girma akan bargo mai faɗi. bishiyoyi. Hakanan akwai bambance-bambance a cikin tsarin pleurocystidia.

Hoto: funghiitaliani.it