Mysterious hepatitis a cikin yara. Makullin yin bayani shine COVID-19?

Ana ci gaba da aiki don gano dalilin cutar hanta mai ban mamaki, wanda ke shafar yara a duniya waɗanda har yanzu suna da lafiya. Ya zuwa yanzu, an gano cutar fiye da 450, wanda kusan 230 a Turai kadai. Abubuwan da ke tattare da cutar sun kasance asiri, amma masana kimiyya suna da wasu hasashe. Akwai alamu da yawa cewa kumburin hanta yana da rikitarwa bayan COVID-19.

1. A karon farko, Burtaniya ta fara nuna damuwa game da karuwar cutar hanta mai wuyar ganewa a cikin yara. A farkon watan Afrilu, an ba da rahoton cewa an yi nazarin cutar fiye da 60. Wannan abu ne mai yawa, idan aka yi la’akari da cewa kawo yanzu an gano kusan bakwai daga cikinsu a tsawon shekara
2. A wasu yara, kumburi ya haifar da irin waɗannan canje-canje wanda ake buƙatar dashen hanta. Haka kuma an sami mace-mace ta farko sakamakon kumburi
3. Daga cikin ra'ayoyin da aka yi la'akari da su a cikin nazarin cututtukan cututtuka, tushen kwayar cutar kwayar cuta shine mafi rinjaye. An fara zargin Adenovirus, amma yanzu ana gano ƙwayoyin rigakafin SARS-CoV-2 a cikin yara da yawa.
4. Yawancin lokuta ana bincikar su a cikin ƙananan yara waɗanda ba a yi musu allurar ba, don haka wataƙila sun sami COVID-19 kuma kumburin hanta na iya zama mai rikitarwa bayan kamuwa da cuta.
5. Ana iya samun ƙarin bayani akan shafin farko na Onet

Rashin sanin dalilin ya fi cutar da kanta

Hepatitis ba cuta ce da yara ba sa kamuwa da su kwata-kwata. Don haka me yasa sabbin cututtukan cututtukan suka haifar da damuwa sosai a duniya? Amsar ita ce mai sauƙi: babu ɗaya daga cikin nau'ikan ƙwayoyin cuta da aka fi sani da hanta, watau A, B, C da D da aka gano a cikin jinin yara marasa lafiya. Bugu da ƙari, a mafi yawan lokuta ba a gano wani abu da zai iya haifar da kumburi ba. Abin tsoro ne wanda ba a san shi ba, ba cutar da kanta ba. Har ya zuwa yanzu yara masu lafiya waɗanda ba zato ba tsammani suka kamu da rashin lafiya, kuma suna da wahala ga wani dalili da ba a sani ba, al'amari ne da ba za a iya watsi da shi ba.

Shi ya sa likitoci da masana kimiyya da jami'an kiwon lafiya a duniya suka shafe makonni suna nazarin lamurra, suna neman dalilan da za su iya haifar da hakan. An yi la'akari da zaɓuɓɓuka daban-daban, amma an cire biyu nan da nan.

Na farko shine tasirin cututtuka na yau da kullum da cututtuka na autoimmune wanda "son" don haifar da kumburi. An karyata wannan ka'idar da sauri, duk da haka, saboda yawancin yara suna cikin koshin lafiya kafin kamuwa da cutar hanta.

Ka'idar ta biyu ita ce tasirin sinadaren aiki na rigakafin cutar COVID-19. Duk da haka, wannan bayanin ba shi da ma'ana - cutar ta shafi yara 'yan kasa da shekaru 10, kuma yawancin rukuni suna da shekaru da yawa (a karkashin shekaru 5). Waɗannan yara ne waɗanda, a mafi yawan lokuta, ba a yi musu allurar rigakafi ba, saboda ba su cancanci yin rigakafin rigakafin cutar ta COVID-19 ba (a Poland, yin rigakafin yara masu shekaru 5 yana yiwuwa, amma a ƙasashe da yawa a duniya). , yara masu shekaru 12 ne kawai zasu iya kusanci allurar).

Duk da haka, ba adenovirus?

Daga cikin ra'ayoyin da suka fi dacewa shine asalin kwayar cutar hoto. Tun lokacin da aka kafa cewa mashahurin HAV, HBC ko HVC ba su da alhakin ciwon hanta a cikin yara, an gwada matasa marasa lafiya don kasancewar sauran cututtuka. Ya zamana an gano adadi mai yawa daga cikinsu adenovirus kamuwa da cuta (nau'in 41F). Shahararriyar ƙwayoyin cuta ce da ke da alhakin gastroenteritis, wanda zai dace da mafi yawan bayyanar cututtuka na hanta a cikin yara (ciki har da ciwon ciki, tashin zuciya, amai, zawo, yawan zafin jiki).

Matsalar ita ce, adenoviruses yakan haifar da cututtuka masu sauƙi, kuma ko da yanayin cutar ya fi damuwa kuma yaron yana asibiti, yawanci saboda rashin ruwa ne maimakon sauye-sauye masu yawa a cikin gabobin ciki, kamar yadda yake tare da hanta mai ban mamaki. .

Sauran rubutun da ke ƙasa da bidiyo.

Shin yara masu ciwon hanta sun kamu da coronavirus?

Yiwuwar ta biyu ita ce kamuwa da wata cuta ta daban. A lokacin annoba, ba zai yuwu a guje wa haɗin gwiwa tare da SARS-CoV-2 ba, musamman tunda COVID-19 a cikin yara - farawa daga ganewar asali, ta hanya da magani, zuwa rikice-rikice - har yanzu babban sanannen magani ne. Duk da haka, an kuma fuskanci matsaloli a cikin wannan mahallin.

Abu ɗaya, ba kowane yaron da ke da ciwon hanta ke da tarihin cutar ba. Wannan ya faru ne saboda gaskiyar cewa yawancin marasa lafiya na yara, musamman a farkon cutar, lokacin da bambance-bambancen Alpha da Beta suka mamaye, ba su da alamun cutar. - don haka, iyaye (har ma da likitan yara) ƙila ba su sani ba har yau cewa an yi musu COVID-19. Har ila yau, ba a gudanar da gwajin a kan wani babban sikelin ba kamar yadda aka yi ta raƙuman ruwa da suka biyo bayan bambance-bambancen Delta da Omikron, don haka babu "dama" da yawa don gane kamuwa da cuta.

Abu na biyu, ko da yaronka yana da COVID-19, ba lallai ba ne a gano ƙwayoyin rigakafi a cikin jininsu (musamman idan lokaci mai tsawo ya wuce tun kamuwa da cutar) Don haka ba zai yiwu ba a duk matasa masu fama da cutar hanta don sanin ko kamuwa da cutar coronavirus ya faru. Wataƙila akwai lokuta inda yaro ya yi rashin lafiya kuma COVID-19 ya ɗan yi tasiri kan haɓakar kumburin hanta, amma babu wata hanyar tabbatar da hakan.

Yana da "superantigen" wanda ke wayar da kan tsarin rigakafi

Sabon bincike kan tasirin COVID-19 akan hantar yara ya nuna cewa ba SARS-CoV-2 kadai ke iya haifar da kumburin gabobi ba. Marubutan wallafe-wallafen a cikin "Lancet Gastroenterology & Hepatology" suna ba da shawarar jerin sanadi-da-sakamako. Kwayoyin cutar Coronavirus sun sami hanyar shiga sashin narkewar abinci a cikin yara kuma sun yi tasiri ga tsarin rigakafi ta hanyar haifar da cutar ta adenovirus 41F. Hanta ya lalace sakamakon samar da adadi mai yawa na sunadaran kumburi.

Jaridar "Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition" ta tuna da labarin wata yarinya 'yar shekaru uku da aka gano da ciwon hanta mai tsanani. Yayin wata tattaunawa da iyaye an tabbatar da cewa yaron ya kamu da COVID-19 makonni kadan da suka gabata. Bayan gwaje-gwajen dalla-dalla (gwajin jini, biopsy hanta), ya juya cewa cutar tana da asali na autoimmune. Wannan na iya ba da shawarar cewa SARS-CoV-2 ya haifar da amsawar rigakafi mara kyau kuma ya haifar da gazawar hanta.

"Muna ba da shawarar cewa a gwada yaran da ke fama da ciwon hanta don dagewar SARS-CoV-2 a cikin stool da sauran alamun cewa hanta ta lalace. Protein karuwar coronavirus shine “superantigen” wanda ke ba da hankali ga tsarin rigakafi»- in ji marubutan binciken.

Shin yaran sun kamu da rashin lafiya a bara?

Farfesa Agnieszka Szuster-Ciesielska, virologist da immunologist a Jami'ar Maria Curie-Skłodowska a Lublin. Masanin ya ja hankali kan lura da likitoci daga Indiya, inda a shekarar da ta gabata (tsakanin Afrilu da Yuli 2021) an sami wasu cututtukan da ba a bayyana ba game da cutar hanta mai tsanani a cikin yara. A wancan lokacin, likitocin, duk da cewa sun damu da halin da ake ciki, ba su tayar da hankali ba saboda har yanzu babu wanda ya kai rahoton irin wannan lamari a wasu kasashen. Yanzu sun danganta wadannan lamuran tare da gabatar da bincikensu.

Sakamakon binciken da aka yi wa yara 475 masu fama da cutar hanta, ya nuna cewa abin da ya shafi al’amuransu shi ne kamuwa da cutar SARS-CoV-2 (kamar yadda 47 suka kamu da cutar hanta mai tsanani). Masu bincike na Indiya ba su sami haɗin gwiwa tare da wasu ƙwayoyin cuta ba (ba kawai waɗanda ke haifar da ciwon hanta A, C, E ba, har ma da varicella zoster, herpes da cytomegalovirus an bincika), ciki har da adenovirus, wanda kawai ya kasance a cikin wasu samfurori.

– Abin sha’awa, an sami raguwar adadin cututtukan hanta a cikin yara lokacin da SARS-CoV-2 suka daina yawo a yankin kuma an sake karuwa lokacin da adadin ya yi yawa. – jaddada mai bincike.

A cewar Prof. Szuster-Ciesielska, a wannan mataki na bincike a kan etiology na hepatitis a cikin yara, abu mafi muhimmanci shi ne zama a faɗake.

- Yana da mahimmanci likitoci su sani cewa cutar hanta ba ta da yawa kuma tana iya [haɓaka] yayin kamuwa da cuta tare da SARS-CoV-2 ko bayan fama da COVID-19. Yana da mahimmanci a yi gwajin aikin hanta a cikin marasa lafiya waɗanda ba su inganta kamar yadda ake tsammani ba. Bai kamata iyaye su firgita ba, amma idan yaron ya yi rashin lafiya, yana iya zama da kyau a ga likitan yara don duba lafiyarsu. Sanin ganewar lokaci shine mabuɗin farfadowa – likitan virologist ya ba da shawara.

Menene alamun cutar hanta da yara?

Alamun ciwon hanta a cikin yaro yana da halaye, amma suna iya rikicewa tare da alamun "gastroenteritis" na yau da kullum, sanannen "hanji" ko mura na ciki. Da farko:

1. tashin zuciya,
2. ciwon ciki,
3. vomiting,
4. zawo,
5. asarar ci
6. zazzaɓi,
7. zafi a cikin tsokoki da haɗin gwiwa,
8. rauni, gajiya,
9. launin rawaya mai launin fata da / ko kwallin ido,

Alamar kumburin hanta sau da yawa ita ce canza launin fitsari (yana zama duhu fiye da yadda aka saba) da stool (kodi ne, launin toka).

Idan yaronka ya kamu da irin wannan cuta, ya kamata ka tuntuɓi likitan yara ko babban likita nan da nankuma, idan wannan ba zai yiwu ba, je asibiti, inda karamin majiyyaci zai yi cikakken bincike.

Muna ƙarfafa ku ku saurari sabon shirin faifan bidiyo na RESET. A wannan lokacin muna ba da shi ga abinci. Shin dole ne ku tsaya da shi 100% don samun lafiya da jin daɗi? Shin da gaske dole ne ku fara kowace rana da karin kumallo? Menene kama da cin abinci da cin 'ya'yan itace? Saurara: