Matsutake (Tricholoma matsutake) hoto da bayanin

Matsutake (Tricholoma matsutake)

• Tricholoma nauseosum;
• Makamin tashin zuciya;
• Armillaria matsutake.

Matsutake (Tricholoma matsutake) naman gwari ne na halittar Tricholome.

Bayanin waje na naman gwari

Matsutake (Tricholoma matsutake) yana da jikin 'ya'yan itace tare da hula da kara. Namansa fari ne mai launi, yana da ƙamshi mai daɗi mai daɗi, kama da ƙamshin kirfa. Hulba tana da launin ruwan kasa, kuma a cikin namomin kaza masu girma da girma, samansa ya tsattsage da farin ɓangaren litattafan naman kaza suna leƙewa ta cikin waɗannan tsaga. Dangane da diamita, hular wannan naman kaza yana da girma sosai, yana da siffar zagaye-zagaye, tubercle na babban nisa yana bayyane akansa. Fuskar hular ya bushe, fari-fari ko launin ruwan kasa, santsi. Daga baya, sikelin fibrous ya bayyana akansa. Gefuna na hular naman kaza suna ɗan ɓoye; Ana yawan ganin zaruruwa da sauran mayafi akan su.

Jikin mai 'ya'yan itace yana wakilta da nau'in lamellar. Faranti suna da nau'in kirim ko farin launi, wanda ya canza zuwa launin ruwan kasa tare da matsa lamba mai karfi akan su ko lalacewa. Itacen naman kaza yana da kauri sosai kuma mai yawa, yana fitar da ƙanshin pear-kirfa, yana ɗanɗano laushi, yana barin ɗanɗano mai ɗaci.

Kafar naman kaza yana da kauri sosai kuma mai yawa, tsayinsa na iya zama daga 9 zuwa 25 cm, kuma kauri shine 1.5-3 cm. Yana faɗaɗa zuwa tushe a cikin nau'in kulab. Wani lokaci, akasin haka, yana iya kunkuntar. Yana da launi mara kyau da zoben fibrous launin ruwan kasa mara daidaituwa. Ana lura da murfin foda a sama da shi, kuma ƙananan ɓangaren ƙafar naman kaza an rufe shi da ma'aunin fibrous na goro-launin ruwan kasa.

Ƙafar tana da launi mai launin ruwan kasa mai duhu da tsayi mai tsayi. Yana da matukar wahala a fitar da shi daga kasa.

Habitat da lokacin fruiting

Naman kaza na Matsutake, wanda aka fassara sunansa daga Jafananci a matsayin naman pine, yana girma a Asiya, China da Japan, Arewacin Amurka da Arewacin Turai. Yana girma kusa da ƙafar bishiyoyi, sau da yawa yana ɓoye a ƙarƙashin ganyen da suka fadi. Siffar siffa ta naman gwari na matsutake ita ce tambarin sa tare da tushen bishiyoyi masu ƙarfi da ke girma a wasu wurare. Don haka, alal misali, a Arewacin Amirka, naman gwari shine alamar cututtuka tare da Pine ko fir, kuma a Japan - tare da ja Pine. Yana son yin girma akan ƙasa maras haihuwa da busasshiyar ƙasa, yana samar da yankuna masu nau'in zobe. Abin sha'awa shine, yayin da irin wannan nau'in naman kaza ya girma, ƙasa a ƙarƙashin mycelium saboda wasu dalilai ya zama fari. Idan ba zato ba tsammani yawan haihuwa na ƙasa ya karu, irin wannan yanayi ya zama rashin dacewa don ci gaba da girma na Matsutake (Tricholoma matsutake). Wannan yakan faru idan adadin rassan da ke fadowa da tsofaffin ganye ya karu.

Matsutake na 'ya'yan itace yana farawa a watan Satumba, kuma yana ci gaba har zuwa Oktoba. A cikin ƙasa na Tarayyar, irin wannan nau'in naman gwari yana da yawa a cikin Kudancin Urals, Urals, Far East da Primorye, Gabas da Kudancin Siberiya.

Matsutake (Tricholoma matsutake) wani nau'in mycorrhizal ne na itacen oak da pine, wanda ake samu a cikin dazuzzukan itacen oak-pine da pine. Jikin 'ya'yan itace na naman gwari ana samun su ne kawai a cikin ƙungiyoyi.

Cin abinci

Matsutake naman kaza (Tricholoma matsutake) ana iya ci, kuma zaka iya amfani dashi ta kowace hanya, danye da dafaffe, stewed ko soyayye. Naman kaza yana da ɗanɗano mai daɗi, wani lokacin ana tsinke shi ko gishiri, amma sau da yawa ana cinye shi sabo ne. Ana iya bushewa. Bangaren jikin 'ya'yan itace yana da na roba, kuma dandano yana da takamaiman, kamar yadda ƙanshi yake (matsutake yana wari kamar guduro). Gourmets suna yaba shi sosai. Ana iya bushe matsutake.

Irin wannan nau'in, siffofi na musamman daga gare su

A cikin 1999, masana kimiyya daga Sweden, Danell da Bergius, sun gudanar da wani binciken da ya sa ya yiwu a tantance daidai cewa naman kaza Tricholoma nauseosum na Sweden, wanda a baya an yi la'akari da shi kawai nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in matsutake na Japan, shine ainihin nau'in naman kaza iri-iri. Sakamakon hukuma na kwatankwacin DNA ya ba da damar haɓaka adadin fitar da wannan nau'in naman kaza daga Scandinavia zuwa Japan. Kuma babban dalilin irin wannan buƙatar samfurin shine dandano mai dadi da ƙanshi na naman kaza.