Ƙananan zafin jiki a cikin yaro: 7 dalilai masu yiwuwa

Muhimmanci!

Bayanin da ke cikin wannan sashe bai kamata a yi amfani da shi don bincikar kansa ko magani ba. A cikin yanayin zafi ko sauran cutar da cutar, kawai likitan da ke halartar ya kamata ya rubuta gwaje-gwajen bincike. Don ganewar asali da magani mai kyau, ya kamata ku tuntuɓi likitan ku.
Don madaidaicin ƙima na sakamakon binciken ku a cikin haɓakawa, ya fi dacewa don yin karatu a cikin dakin gwaje-gwaje iri ɗaya, tun da dakunan gwaje-gwaje daban-daban na iya amfani da hanyoyin bincike daban-daban da raka'a na ma'auni don yin nazari iri ɗaya.Rashin zafin jiki: abubuwan da ke faruwa, a cikin abin da cututtuka ke faruwa, ganewar asali da hanyoyin magani.

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Rage yawan zafin jiki na jiki, ko hypothermia, shine cin zarafi na metabolism na zafi, wanda aka bayyana ta hanyar raguwar zafin jiki a kan bangon bayyanar da ƙananan yanayin zafi da / ko raguwa a samar da zafi da karuwa a dawowa.

Akwai hanyoyi da yawa don samar da zafi mai aiki.

Zafin dole samarwa - zafi da aka samar a sakamakon tsarin ilimin lissafi na al'ada da na rayuwa. Ya isa don kula da zafin jiki na al'ada a cikin yanayin yanayi mai dadi.

Ƙarin samar da zafi ana kunna lokacin da yanayin yanayin ya faɗi kuma ya haɗa da:

• thermogenesis ba shivering , wanda ake yi ta hanyar tsaga kitse mai launin ruwan kasa. Kitsen Brown yana da yawa a cikin jarirai kuma yana kare su daga hypothermia. A cikin manya, yana da ƙananan, an gano shi a cikin wuyansa, tsakanin kafada, kusa da kodan;
• contractile thermogenesis , wanda ya dogara ne akan ƙwayar tsoka.

Lokacin da jiki ya kasance hypothermic, sautin (damuwa) na tsokoki yana ƙaruwa kuma rawar jiki ba tare da son rai ba ya bayyana. Ana aiwatar da riƙewar zafi mai wucewa tare da taimakon adipose nama na subcutaneous.

Matsakaicin matakan tafiyar matakai na rayuwa da halayen daidaitawa suna tasiri ta hanyar adrenal da thyroid hormones, kuma cibiyar thermoregulation tana cikin hypothalamus. Ga mutum, ana la'akari da yanayin yanayin yanayin iska daga +18 ° C zuwa + 22 ° C. C, batun kasancewar tufafin haske da aikin jiki na yau da kullum.Bambance tsakanin zafin jiki na tsakiya (wanda ake kiyaye shi a cikin gabobin ciki da tasoshin tsakiya a matakin 36.1-38.2 ° C) da kuma yawan zafin jiki na kyallen takarda (gabobin jiki, jikin jiki). ) - kullum yana da ƙasa da zafin jiki na tsakiya da kashi goma na digiri. Ana auna yawan zafin jiki na tsakiya a cikin dubura, canal audio na waje, a cikin baki. A cikin yanayin cibiyar kiwon lafiya, yana yiwuwa a auna zafin jiki a cikin lumen na esophagus, a cikin nasopharynx, a cikin mafitsara. Za a iya auna zafin jiki na gefe a goshi ko a cikin hammata. Gaba ɗaya, alamun zafin jiki na mutum ɗaya ne kuma ga kowane wuri yana da nasu na al'ada. Yanayin zafin jiki yana canzawa cikin yini. Ƙananan yara, saboda tsananin tsarin tafiyar da rayuwa, suna da matsayi mafi girma na yawan zafin jiki na al'ada. Metabolism na tsofaffi yana raguwa, yawan zafin jiki na cikin gida zai iya kasancewa a matakin 34-35 ° C.

Iri-iri na ƙananan zafin jiki A raguwa a

zafin jiki na iya zama endogenous (tare da ilimin cututtuka na gabobin ciki da kuma thermogenesis mara kyau) da exogenous (dangane da yanayin muhalli).

Exogenous hypothermia ana magana da shi azaman exogenous hypothermia. Ayyukansa shine rage aikin aiki da metabolism a cikin gabobin jiki da kyallen takarda don haɓaka juriya ga ƙarancin iskar oxygen. Ana amfani da shi a cikin nau'i na hypothermia na gaba ɗaya, lokacin da ake buƙatar raguwa na wucin gadi a cikin jini; da hypothermia mai sarrafawa na gida na gabobin jiki da kyallen takarda.

Ana amfani da hypothermia na likita a lokacin bude ayyukan a kan zuciya da manyan tasoshin, tare da bugun jini na ischemic, raunin da ya faru na tsarin juyayi na tsakiya (kwakwalwa da kashin baya), tare da matsananciyar yunwar iskar oxygen na jarirai. An kiyasta yanayin yanayin mutum ta hanyar matakin. rage yawan zafin jiki na tsakiya da bayyanar cututtuka. A cikin ƙananan zafin jiki (36.5-35 ° C), mutum zai iya jin dadi sosai. Daga nan sai ta kasance bambance-bambancen al'ada a gare shi. Idan mutum ya ji rashin lafiya, ya zama dole a nemi dalilin rage yawan zafin jiki.

Ana ɗaukar zafin jiki ƙasa da 35 ° C ƙasa.

Ware ƙananan zafin jiki:

• tsanani mai laushi (35.0-32.2 ° C) , a cikin abin da barcin barci, ƙara yawan numfashi, bugun zuciya, sanyi;
• matsakaicin tsanani (32.1-27 ° C) - mutum na iya zama mai ban sha'awa, numfashi yana raguwa, bugun zuciya yana raguwa, raguwa mai raɗaɗi (masana'anta ga abin motsa jiki na waje);
• tsanani tsanani (kasa da 27 ° C) - mutum yana cikin matsananciyar damuwa na hankali (a cikin coma), hawan jini yana raguwa, babu reflexes, rikicewar numfashi mai zurfi, an lura da bugun zuciya, ma'auni na yanayin ciki na jiki da duk matakan rayuwa. sun damu.

13 Abubuwan da za a iya haifar da ƙananan zafin jiki a manya

Dalilai masu yiwuwa na hypothermia sun haɗa da:

1. lalacewa ga tsarin juyayi na tsakiya;
2. rage cikin ƙwayar tsoka;
3. gajiya ta jiki;
4. rage yawan matakan tafiyar matakai na rayuwa;
5. ciki;
6. lokacin jin dadi bayan rashin lafiya mai tsawo;
7. dysregulation na sautin jijiyoyin jini;
8. abubuwan maye daban-daban, ciki har da barasa;
9. bayyanar da magunguna, gami da wuce gona da iri na magungunan antipyretic;
10. jiko na cikin jijiya na babban kundin maganin da ba a yi zafi ba;
11. hypothermia a cikin yanayin ƙananan zafin jiki;
12. tsayin daka ga rigar ko rigar tufafi;
13. dogon zama a cikin ruwan sanyi, akan abubuwa masu sanyi, da sauransu.

Dukkan abubuwan da ke sama zasu iya haifar da cin zarafi na thermoregulation, rage yawan samar da zafi, da kuma karuwa a asarar zafi.

Wadanne cututtuka ke haifar da ƙananan zafin jiki?

Zazzabi na jiki na iya raguwa tare da paresis da inna na tsokoki da / ko rage yawan su da ke faruwa tare da cututtuka (syringomyelia) da raunin da ya faru na kashin baya, tare da lalacewa ga ƙwayoyin jijiyar da ke haifar da tsokoki, rashi na calcium, cututtuka na gado (Erb). - Roth myodystrophy, Duchenne).

Metabolic slowdown faruwa tare da na kullum rashin aiki na adrenal gland shine yake (alal misali, tare da autoimmune matakai) da kuma thyroid gland shine yake (hypothyroidism), yaduwa cututtuka na hanta, kodan, tare da wani gagarumin raguwa a cikin glucose matakan (hypoglycemia), tare da rage haemoglobin. / ko raguwa a cikin adadin jajayen ƙwayoyin jini (anemia), tare da rashin abinci mai gina jiki, rashin abinci mai gina jiki mai tsanani (cachexia) da ƙananan ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta.

Ana lura da cin zarafi na thermoregulation tare da rauni, magani ko sakamako mai guba akan hypothalamus.

Hypothermia na iya faruwa tare da rauni mai yawa ko yayin tsarin kamuwa da cuta (sepsis).

Wadanne likitoci zan tuntube da karancin zafin jiki?

Don ceton mutumin da ke fama da matsananciyar hypothermia, ana buƙatar kiran motar asibiti. Idan mutum ya rubuta raguwar yawan zafin jiki ta 1-2 ° C dangane da al'adarsu, wannan yanayin yana dadewa na dogon lokaci kuma ba a hade da hypothermia ba. Ya kamata ku tuntuɓi mai ilimin hanyoyin kwantar da hankali , kuma idan ya cancanta, tare da neurologist , endocrinologist .

Bincike da gwaje-gwaje a ƙananan zafin jiki

Bincike a cikin ƙananan zafin jiki ya ƙunshi yin nazari da tambayar majiyyaci, auna zafin jiki da hawan jini, tantance jikewar oxygen na jini (pulse oximetry, gwajin iskar gas).

Don gano cin zarafi a cikin aikin gabobin da tsarin, za'a iya tsara dakin gwaje-gwaje da nazarin kayan aiki.

Me za a yi a ƙananan zafin jiki?

Tare da ƙananan hypothermia, ya zama dole don dumi da wuri-wuri - don wannan ya kamata ku matsa zuwa dakin dumi, kawar da rigar da tufafi masu sanyi, yin ado a bushe da tufafi masu dumi kuma ku sha abin sha mai dumi maras giya.

Duk sauran lokuta na hypothermia suna buƙatar kulawar likita.

Jiyya don ƙananan zafin jiki

Idan an tabbatar da cewa rage yawan zafin jiki na jiki shine bambancin al'ada kuma baya damun mai haƙuri, ba a buƙatar magani. na hypothermia, ana ɗaukar matakan dakatar da tasirin yanayin sanyaya kuma a ci gaba da dumama. Dumama mai wucewa ya haɗa da matsar da mutum zuwa ɗaki mai dumi, nannade cikin tufafi masu dumi, shan ruwa mai dumi, wanda ke da kyau ga rashin ƙarfi mai laushi da rashin fahimta.

Ana amfani da ɗumamar aiki na waje don matsanancin hypothermia, ana aiwatar da shi a cikin ƙwararrun likitocin likita kuma ya haɗa da inhalation na iskar oxygen ta hanyar abin rufe fuska ko bututun endotracheal, jiko na jiko na ɗumi mafita, lavage na ciki, hanji, mafitsara tare da mafita mai dumi.

Ana yin rewarming na ciki mai aiki ta amfani da na'urar zagayawa ta waje tare da sarrafa mahimman ayyukan jiki da gyara ma'aunin ruwa da glucose. Bugu da ƙari, ana amfani da kwayoyi don ƙara matsa lamba da kuma kawar da arrhythmias.

7 yiwu dalilai na Ƙananan zafin jiki a cikin yaro

n yanayin babban yaro, akwai ko da yaushe wani antipyretic a cikin gida magani hukuma: algorithm na ayyuka ya fi haddace da kowane iyaye daga ranar farko da aka haifi jariri. Amma lokacin da jaririn, akasin haka, yayi sanyi sosai, yana da wuya kada ya rikice. Alamar da ba za a iya fahimta ba tana haifar da mummunan tsoro da tunani mai ban tsoro. Menene zai iya zama dalilan wannan yanayin kuma, mafi mahimmanci, yadda za a taimaka wa yaron a cikin wannan halin? Mun gaya a kasa.

Da farko, dole ne mu fahimci abin da muke kira ƙananan zafin jiki. Idan muna magana ne game da yaro har zuwa shekara guda, har ma fiye da haka, farkon watanni uku na rayuwa, to, yawan zafin jiki na yau da kullum don irin wannan crumb zai iya zuwa daga 35.5 zuwa 37.5. Kuma akwai yara waɗanda, bisa ga ka'ida, ana ɗaukar zafin jiki a cikin wannan kewayon al'ada, irin waɗannan sifofin jiki ne.

Don ƙayyade matakin yanayin zafin jiki na al'ada na yaro, ya isa ya auna shi sau da yawa a cikin kwanaki daban-daban, amma yana da mahimmanci cewa yaron yana jin dadi kuma babu wani aikin jiki a cikin 'yan sa'o'i kafin aunawa - gudu, tafiya, motsa jiki. , da sauransu. Zazzabi na 36.6 alama ce ta yanayi kuma bai kamata ku mai da hankali kan shi sosai ba. Kowane yaro na mutum ne. Kuma idan kun ɗauki zafin jikin ku kawai lokacin da yake rashin lafiya, to lokaci yayi da za a tantance matakin al'ada.

Yawan zafin jiki na yaro mai barci: yana da daraja a farka

Idan yawan zafin jiki na yaron ya kasance tsakanin 36-37, kuma ma'aunin zafin jiki na jaririn ya kasance 35-35.5, to, kada ku firgita ko dai: hypothermia kanta (wannan shine abin da ake kira ƙananan zafin jiki na mutum a cikin magungunan kimiyya) ba ya haifar da mahimmanci. haɗari ga jiki, ko da yake yana iya nuna wasu matsaloli. Idan yanayin ya kasance na kwanaki da yawa, ya kamata ku tuntubi likita! Yi la'akari da abubuwan da za su iya haifar da ƙananan yanayin zafi.

Dalili na 1: shan maganin antipyretic

Yana faruwa cewa yaro yana fama da cututtukan hoto ko bidiyo mai zagaya yanar gizo da sauri tare da yanayin zafi mai biye. A bayyane yake cewa a cikin irin wannan yanayi, iyaye suna saukar da zafin jiki na yaron tare da magani. Idan ka saukar da yawan zafin jiki na kwana uku a jere (kuma an hana shi tsawon lokaci: an rubuta shi a cikin umarnin antipyretics), tsawon lokacin da zafin jiki yakan kasance tare da hoton asibiti na yau da kullun na sanyi, sannan a rana ta uku. za a iya samun raguwar zafin jiki, wanda kuma sau da yawa yana iya kasancewa tare da gudawa. Wannan yanayin baya buƙatar sa hannun ɓangare na uku, saboda da sannu zafin jiki zai dawo daidai.

Lokacin da yaro ba shi da lafiya kuma wannan yana tare da yawan zafin jiki, to sau da yawa akwai rikici bayan wannan kuma yawan zafin jiki ya ragu. Amma ba ya raguwa zuwa ga al'ada, amma kadan kadan. Bugu da ƙari, wannan doka gaskiya ce ga waɗanda suka ɗauki antipyretic, da waɗanda ba su yi amfani da wannan ba. Amma kada ku firgita - sannu a hankali zafin jiki zai dawo daidai. Mutane suna kiran wannan "rashin nasara", amma ba abin tsoro ba ne kuma baya barazana ga lafiya ta kowace hanya. Wannan shine ilimin lissafi na al'ada. Ka san cewa idan mutum ya kasance mai rayayye akan abinci mai tsauri, rasa nauyi, sannan ya koma cin abinci na yau da kullun, to ya fi yawan samun riba fiye da yadda ya rasa. Ka'ida ɗaya tana aiki a nan.

Dalili na biyu: Rashin Vitamin

Mafi sau da yawa, ana lura da ƙananan zafin jiki a cikin yara masu fama da anemia na rashin ƙarfe, don haka gwajin jini na yau da kullum da kuma shawarwarin likita ba zai tsoma baki ba. Dangane da girman anemia, wani lokacin rashin ƙarfe a cikin jini ana iya rama shi ta hanyar abinci na musamman, wani lokaci tare da taimakon ƙarfe.

Amma a wasu lokuta, iyaye kada su damu da rashin bitamin a cikin jariri. Idan yaro ba ya ci abinci mai sauri na musamman, abincinsa ya ƙunshi hatsi, da kayan lambu, da 'ya'yan itatuwa, da nama, to lallai yana da komai tare da bitamin.

5 gafara, yadda ake ba uwaye, idan yaro yana da zafin jiki

Amma iyaye na matasa (musamman 'yan mata) kuma suna buƙatar kasancewa a faɗakarwa: idan yaro yayi ƙoƙari ya rasa nauyi da kansa tare da taimakon sababbin abinci mai gina jiki, to zai iya kaiwa ga gajiya (ko da mafi muni - bulimia), a irin waɗannan lokuta, ƙananan ƙananan. zafin jiki ya fi yadda ake tsammani.

Dalili na 3: Rage aikin thyroid

Wannan yana daya daga cikin ainihin abubuwan da ke haifar da raguwar zafin jiki, kuma ba kawai a cikin yara ba. Watau cuta ce da glandar thyroid ba ta samar da isassun hormones. Mafi sau da yawa, wannan cuta ana tsokane ta ta rashin aidin. Idan, ban da rage yawan zafin jiki, yaron yana da pallor, duhu da'ira a ƙarƙashin idanu, kumburin ƙafafu, ya kamata ku tuntuɓi gwani nan da nan.

Dalili na 4: Matsalolin rigakafi

Rage yawan zafin jiki na ɗan gajeren lokaci na iya faruwa bayan rashin lafiya mai tsanani na kwanan nan. Tasiri kan tsarin rigakafi, kamar alluran rigakafi ko lasar hannu datti (wanda kuma shine mafi ƙarfi akan tsarin rigakafi) shima na iya zama sanadi. Idan tsarin rigakafi na yaro yana da wasu cututtuka (jihohin rashin lafiya), ƙananan zafin jiki bazai tashi ba na dogon lokaci, a kowane hali, idan haka ne, ana buƙatar shawarwarin likita.

Dalili na 5: Rashin ruwa

Wannan yanayi ne mai hatsarin gaske wanda zai iya haifar da mummunan sakamako. Mafi sau da yawa yana iya zama sanadin kamuwa da cuta mai tsanani na hanji. Kuma idan, tare da ƙarancin rashin ruwa, yanayin jiki, a matsayin mai mulkin, ya tashi, to, tare da mai karfi, ya sauke sosai.

Abin takaici, iyaye sau da yawa suna kula da alamun da ba daidai ba kuma suna iya auna zafin jiki a kowane sa'a lokacin da aka ɗaga shi, amma suna kwantar da hankali game da gaskiyar cewa an saukar da shi. Amma cututtukan da wannan alamar ta nuna, alal misali, kamar rashin ruwa, sun fi mura ko SARS muni.

Dalili na 6: Guba

Kodayake sau da yawa yawan zafin jiki yana tashi daga guba, yana faruwa kuma akasin haka. Hannu masu rawar jiki, zazzaɓi (zazzabi) sune alamomin irin wannan guba. Bugu da ƙari, gubar da ta haifar da irin wannan hali ba lallai ba ne a ci, watakila yaron ya sha wani abu mai haɗari.

Dalili na bakwai: Damuwa da gajiya

Mafi yawan lokuta haka lamarin yake ga ƴan makaranta musamman matasa. Yawan tunani da damuwa na tunani, damuwa da gajiya na iya haifar da raguwar zafin jiki. Wadannan dalilai bai kamata a yi la'akari da su ba, saboda suna iya haifar da cututtuka mafi tsanani a cikin jiki fiye da hypothermia.

Don damuwa da gajiya, zan ƙara irin wannan dalili kamar rashin barci. Idan aka kwatanta da dalilai guda biyu na farko, wannan na ɗaya daga cikin mafi yawan yara, musamman ƴan makaranta, waɗanda ke yin aikin gida har zuwa tsakar dare. Ya kamata a tuna cewa yara suna daidaitawa fiye da manya zuwa yanayi daban-daban, ciki har da masu damuwa. Kuma idan yaron ya fuskanci irin wannan damuwa mai tsanani wanda ya nuna kansa a cikin canje-canjen ilimin lissafi, to, tafiya zuwa gwani ya kamata a shirya nan da nan.

Yadda za a taimaki yaro tare da ƙananan zafin jiki

Idan yanayin yana da ɗan gajeren lokaci, wajibi ne don taimakawa dumi. Abin sha mai dumi, tufafi masu dumi, kushin dumama zai yi don wannan dalili. Idan ana kiyaye yawan zafin jiki a ƙasa na al'ada na dogon lokaci, to, ba shakka, ba shi da daraja dumama, amma wajibi ne a nemi dalilin.

Idan babu abin da ke damun yaron, idan kawai alamar ita ce raguwa a cikin zafin jiki, wanda ya fi damuwa da uwa da kakarsa, to yaron baya buƙatar kulawa. Idan yaron yana aiki, mai farin ciki da farin ciki, to yana da kyau ga mahaifiyar ta sha maganin kwantar da hankali kuma kada ta damu da wannan. Amma mafi sau da yawa, ƙananan zafin jiki alama ce ta wasu nau'in cututtuka, kuma a cikin wannan yanayin, kana buƙatar tuntuɓar gwani. Yana da mahimmanci a fahimci cewa shine dalilin da ya kamata a bi da shi, saboda ƙananan zafin jiki shine mafi yawan lokuta.