La cutar sankarar bargo ciwon daji ne na kyallen jikin da ke da alhakin samar da jini, wadanda ba su da girma kwayoyin jini da ake samu a cikin kasusuwa (= taushi, spongy abu dake tsakiyar mafi yawan kasusuwa).

Cutar yawanci tana farawa da rashin daidaituwa a cikin samuwar ƙwayoyin jini a cikin kasusuwa. Kwayoyin da ba al'ada ba (ko kwayoyin cutar sankarar bargo) ninka kuma sun fi sel na al'ada yawa, suna hana aikin su yadda ya kamata.

Ire-iren cutar sankarar bargo

Akwai nau'ikan cutar sankarar bargo da dama. Ana iya rarraba su bisa ga saurin ci gaban cutar (m ko na kullum) kuma bisa ga Sassan kwayoyin daga kasusuwan kasusuwa wanda suke tasowa (myeloid ko lymphoblastic). Ciwon sankarar bargo yawanci yana nufin ciwon daji na ƙwayoyin farin jini (lymphocytes da granulocytes, ƙwayoyin da ke da alhakin rigakafi), kodayake wasu cututtukan daji da ba a taɓa samun su ba suna iya shafar ƙwayoyin jajayen jini da platelets.

Cutar sankarar bargo:

Kwayoyin jini mara kyau ba su girma ba (= fashewa). Ba sa yin aikinsu na yau da kullun kuma suna haɓaka da sauri don haka cutar ta ci gaba da sauri. Jiyya ya kamata ya zama m kuma a yi amfani da shi da wuri-wuri.

Cutar sankarar bargo na yau da kullun:

Kwayoyin da abin ya shafa sun fi balaga. Suna ninkawa a hankali kuma suna aiki na ɗan lokaci. Wasu nau'ikan cutar sankarar bargo na iya wucewa ba a san su ba har tsawon shekaru da yawa.

Myeloid cutar sankarar bargo

Yana rinjayar granulocytes da kuma ƙwayoyin jini da ake samu a cikin kasusuwa. Suna yin fararen jini marasa al'ada (myeloblasts). Akwai nau'i biyu na myeloid cutar sankarar bargo :

• Mugunyar cutar sankarar bargo (AML)

Wannan nau'i na cutar sankarar bargo yana farawa ba zato ba tsammani, sau da yawa a cikin 'yan kwanaki ko makonni.

AML ita ce mafi yawan nau'in cutar sankarar bargo a cikin matasa da matasa.

AML na iya farawa a kowane zamani, amma yana iya tasowa a cikin manya masu shekaru 60 da haihuwa.

• Cututtukan cututtukan daji na myelogenous (CML)

La cutar sankarar bargo mai tsafta ana kuma kiranta na kullum myelocytic cutar sankarar bargo ou na kullum granular cutar sankarar bargo. Irin wannan cutar sankarar bargo tana tasowa a hankali, cikin watanni ko ma shekaru. Alamomin cutar suna bayyana yayin da adadin kwayoyin cutar sankarar bargo a cikin jini ko kasusuwan kasusuwa ya karu.

Ita ce mafi yawan nau'in cutar sankarar bargo a cikin manya tsakanin shekaru 25 zuwa 60. Wani lokaci ba ya buƙatar magani na shekaru da yawa.

Lymphoblastic cutar sankarar bargo

Lymphoblastic cutar sankarar bargo yana rinjayar lymphocytes kuma yana haifar da lymphoblasts. Akwai nau'ikan cutar sankarar lymphoblastic iri biyu:

• M cutar sankarar bargo ta lymphoblastic (ALL)

Wannan nau'i na cutar sankarar bargo yana farawa ba zato ba tsammani kuma yana ci gaba da sauri cikin 'yan kwanaki ko makonni.

An kuma kira m lymphocytic cutar sankarar bargo ou m lymphoid cutar sankarar bargo, ita ce mafi yawan cutar sankarar bargo a cikin yara ƙanana. Akwai nau'ikan nau'ikan wannan nau'in cutar sankarar bargo da yawa.

• Cutar sankarar lymphoblastic na yau da kullun (CLL)

Wannan nau'i na cutar sankarar bargo ya fi shafar manya, musamman masu shekaru 60 zuwa 70. Mutanen da ke fama da wannan cuta na iya zama ba su da ko kaɗan kaɗan na bayyanar cututtuka na shekaru sannan su sami wani lokaci wanda kwayoyin cutar sankarar bargo ke girma cikin sauri.

Dalilin cutar sankarar jini

Har yanzu ba a fahimci abubuwan da ke haifar da cutar sankarar bargo ba. Masana kimiyya sun yarda cewa cutar ta haɗu da abubuwan halitta da muhalli.

Tsarin jima'i

A Kanada, ɗaya cikin maza 53 da ɗaya cikin mata 72 za su kamu da cutar sankarar bargo a rayuwarsu. A cikin 2013, an kiyasta cewa mutanen Kanada 5800 za su shafa. (Kanada Cancer Society)

A Faransa, cutar sankarar bargo tana shafar mutane kusan 20 kowace shekara. Cutar sankarar bargo tana da kusan kashi 000% na cututtukan daji na yara, 29% daga cikinsu sune cutar sankarar jini mai saurin gaske (ALL).

Binciken cutar sankarar bargo

Gwajin jini. Gwajin samfurin jini na iya gano ko matakan farin jini ko platelets ba su da kyau, yana nuna cutar sankarar bargo.

Biopsy na kasusuwa. Samfurin kasusuwan kasusuwa da aka cire daga kwatangwalo zai iya gano wasu halaye na kwayoyin cutar sankarar bargo wanda za a iya amfani da su don ba da shawarar zaɓuɓɓuka don maganin cutar.