Larch flywheel (Psiloboletinus lariceti) hoto da bayanin

Larch flywheel (Psiloboletinus lariceti)

:

• Boletinus lariceti
• Boletin larch

Psiloboletin Yana da nau'in fungi a cikin dangin Suillaceae. Halitta ce ta monotypic mai ɗauke da nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau’in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau‘in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau‘in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau’in nau’i) wanda ke dauke da nau’in nau’i daya wato Psiloboletinus lariceti. Masanin ilimin mycologist Rolf Singer ya fara bayyana nau'in a cikin 1938 a matsayin Phylloporus. Alexander H. Smith bai yarda da babban ra’ayin Singer ba, ya kammala: “Kowane tsari na nau’in nau’in nau’in Psiloboletinus da aka yi a ƙarshe, a bayyane yake cewa babu wasu fitattun haruffa waɗanda za a iya gane asalin tasu bisa kwatancin Singer.

"Larch" - daga kalmar "larch" (wani nau'in tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire na dangin Pine, daya daga cikin mafi yawan nau'in itatuwan coniferous), kuma ba daga kalmar "deciduous" ba (dajin daji - gandun daji wanda ya ƙunshi bishiyoyi masu banƙyama). da shrubs).

shugaban: 8-16 cm a diamita, a ƙarƙashin yanayi masu kyau samfurori tare da huluna na kimanin 20 centimeters suna yiwuwa. Lokacin samari, gaɓoɓi, tare da ƙwaƙƙwaran jujjuyawar-ciki, sa'an nan lebur-convex; a cikin manya manyan namomin kaza, gefen hular ba a juya sama ba, yana iya zama ɗan rawani ko lobed. Busasshiya, mai ji ko ji-ji-ji, mai laushi ga taɓawa. Brownish, ocher-launin ruwan kasa, launin ruwan kasa mai datti.

Nama a cikin hula: m (ba sako-sako ba), taushi, har zuwa 3-4 cm lokacin farin ciki. Haske mai rawaya, ocher mai haske, kodadde sosai, kusan fari. Yana juya shuɗi akan karaya ko yanke.

Hymenophore: tubular. Tubules suna da girma, fadi, tare da bangon gefe masu kauri, don haka a gani suna yin kama da faranti. Suna saukowa da karfi kan tushe, inda suka zama elongated, wanda ke sa kamannin su da faranti ya tsananta. Tsawon hymenophore rawaya ne, haske a cikin samartaka, sannan launin ruwan rawaya. Tare da lalacewa, har ma da ƙananan, ya juya shuɗi, sannan ya juya launin ruwan kasa.

Jayayya: 10-12X4 microns, cylindrical, fusiform, launin ruwan kasa-rawaya tare da saukad da.

kafa: 6-9 santimita tsayi da 2-4 cm lokacin farin ciki, tsakiya, ana iya yin kauri a ƙasa ko a tsakiya, velvety. A cikin ɓangaren sama yana da haske, a cikin launi na hymenophore, launin ruwan kasa mai launin ruwan kasa, a ƙasa ya fi duhu: launin ruwan kasa, launin ruwan kasa, launin ruwan kasa. Yana juya shuɗi idan an danna. Gabaɗaya, wani lokacin tare da rami.

ɓangaren litattafan almara: m, launin ruwan kasa, bluish.

Ring, murfi, volva: Babu.

Ku ɗanɗani da wari: kadan naman kaza.

Yana girma ne kawai a gaban larch: a cikin gandun daji na larch da gandun daji masu gauraye tare da kasancewar Birch, aspen, a ƙarƙashin larch.

Mafi yawan 'ya'yan itace shine Agusta-Satumba. An san shi ne kawai a cikin ƙasarmu, wanda aka samo a Yammacin Siberiya da Gabas, Amur Region, Khabarovsk Territory, a Gabas mai Nisa, yana ba da 'ya'yan itace musamman sau da yawa kuma a kan Sakhalin, inda ake kira "Larch Mokhovik" ko kuma kawai " Mokhhovik".

Naman kaza yana cin abinci, babu alamar guba. Ana amfani dashi don shirye-shiryen miya, salads, darussa na biyu. Dace da pickling.

Alade yana da bakin ciki a wasu matakan girma ana iya kuskuren gansakuka na gardama. Ya kamata ku dubi hymenophore a hankali: a cikin alade yana da lamellar, a cikin samfurori na matasa faranti suna da ban sha'awa, don haka tare da kallon kallo za a iya kuskuren manyan tubules. Bambanci mai mahimmanci: alade ba ya juya blue, amma ya juya launin ruwan kasa lokacin da kyallen takarda suka lalace.

Gyrodons sun yi kama da Psiloboletinus lariceti, ya kamata ku kula da ilimin halittu (nau'in gandun daji).

Goat, ya bambanta da launi na ɓangaren litattafan almara a wuraren da aka lalace, naman sa ba ya juya blue, amma ja.

An gudanar da bincike mai ma'ana, akwai ayyuka a kan thrombolytic Properties na basid fungi enzymes (VL Komarov Botanical Institute of Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Our Country), inda wani babban fibrinolytic aiki na enzymes ware daga Psiloboletinus lariceti aka lura. . Koyaya, ya yi wuri don magana game da aikace-aikacen da yawa a cikin ilimin harhada magunguna.

Hoto a cikin gallery na labarin: Anatoly Burdynyuk.