terroir
A cikin giya, inganci yana farawa da terroir (daga kalmar terre, wanda a cikin Faransanci yana nufin "ƙasa"). Ta wannan kalmar, masu yin ruwan inabi a duk faɗin duniya suna kiran jimillar yanayin yanayin ƙasa, microclimate da haske, da kuma ciyayi da ke kewaye. Abubuwan da aka lissafa suna da haƙiƙa, sharuɗɗan ta'addanci da Allah ya ba su. Duk da haka, yana kuma ƙunshe da sigogi guda biyu waɗanda nufin ɗan adam ya ƙayyade: zaɓin nau'in inabi da fasahar da ake amfani da su wajen yin giya.
Mummuna yana da kyau
An tsara itacen inabin ta hanyar da mafi kyawun girbi dangane da inganci kawai yana samun albarkatu a cikin mafi ƙarancin yanayi. A wasu kalmomi, itacen inabin zai sha wahala - daga rashi danshi, rashin abinci mai gina jiki da wuce haddi na yanayin zafi. Ingantattun inabi waɗanda aka yi niyya don yin ruwan inabi dole ne su sami ruwan 'ya'yan itace mai ƙarfi, don haka shayar da itacen inabi (akalla a Turai) gabaɗaya an haramta. Akwai, ba shakka, keɓancewa. Don haka, ana ba da izinin ban ruwa a cikin yankuna mara kyau na Mutanen Espanya La Mancha, a wasu wurare a kan tsaunin tuddai a Jamus, inda kawai ruwa ba ya daɗe - in ba haka ba, kurangar inabi mara kyau na iya bushewa kawai.
Talakawa ne ke zaɓe ƙasar gonakin inabi, Don haka kurangar inabin ta yi saiwa. a wasu kurangar inabi, tushen tsarin yana zuwa zurfin mita goma (har zuwa hamsin!). Wannan wajibi ne don ƙanshin ruwan inabi na gaba ya kasance mai wadata kamar yadda zai yiwu - gaskiyar ita ce kowane dutsen geological wanda tushen tushen itacen inabi ya shiga yana ba da ruwan inabi na gaba wani ƙanshi na musamman. Misali, granite yana wadatar da ruwan inabi mai kamshi tare da sautin violet, yayin da dutsen farar ƙasa ya ba shi bayanin kula na aidin da ma'adinai.
Inda za a shuka me
Lokacin zabar nau'in innabi don dasa shuki, mai yin ruwan inabi yana la'akari, da farko, abubuwan ta'addanci guda biyu - microclimate da abun da ke ƙasa. Saboda haka, a cikin gonakin inabi na arewa, galibi ana shuka nau'in inabi masu launin fari, tunda suna saurin girma, yayin da a cikin gonakin inabin kudanci, ana shuka nau'ikan ja, waɗanda suke girma a makare. Yankunan Champagne da kuma Bordeaux… A Champagne, da sauyin yanayi ne quite sanyi, m ga winemaking, sabili da haka kawai uku irin inabi an yarda a can don samar da shampen. shi Chardonnay, Pinot baki da kuma Abincin Pinot, dukansu suna da wuri, kuma farare da ruwan inabi masu banƙyama ne kawai ake yin su. Domin kare mutunci, ya kamata a lura cewa akwai kuma jan giya a Champagne - alal misali. Silliri, duk da haka, a zahiri ba a nakalto su ba. Domin ba su da daɗi. Ana ba da izinin inabi ja da fari a cikin yankin Bordeaux. Ja ne Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot, Cabernet Franc da kuma Pti Verdo, da fari - Sauvignon Blanc, Semillon da kuma Muscadelle… Wannan zaɓin yana nufin, da farko, ta yanayin tsakuwa na gida da ƙasa lãka. Hakazalika, mutum zai iya bayyana yadda ake amfani da nau'in innabi na musamman a kowane yanki mai noman inabi, wanda gabaɗaya an san shi da girma.
Crew
Don haka ingancin ta'addanci shine ingancin ruwan inabi. Ƙarshe mai sauƙi, amma Faransanci sun yi shi kafin kowa kuma su ne farkon don ƙirƙirar tsarin rarraba da ake kira cru (cru), wanda a zahiri yana nufin "ƙasa". A cikin 1855, Faransa tana shirye-shiryen baje kolin duniya a birnin Paris, kuma game da wannan, Sarkin sarakuna Napoleon III ya umarci masu yin ruwan inabi su ƙirƙiri "sarari na ruwan inabi". Suka juya zuwa ga Rumbun na kwastan (Dole ne in ce archival takardun a Faransa suna adana na dogon lokaci, a wasu lokuta fiye da shekaru dubu), sa ido hawa da sauka a farashin fitar da ruwan inabi da kuma a kan wannan tushen gina wani rarrabuwa tsarin. . Da farko, wannan tsarin ya mika kawai ga ruwan inabi da kansu, haka ma, samar a Bordeaux, amma sai aka mika zuwa ga terroirs dace - na farko a Bordeaux, sa'an nan a wasu sauran ruwan inabi-girma yankunan na Faransa, wato a cikin. burgundy, Champagne da kuma Alsace… Sakamakon haka, mafi kyawun shafuka a cikin yankuna masu suna sun sami matsayi Premiers Cru da kuma Grands Crku. Koyaya, tsarin cru ba shine kaɗai ba. A wasu yankuna, fiye da rabin karni bayan haka, wani tsarin rarraba ya bayyana kuma nan da nan ya sami tushe - tsarin AOC, wato. Sarrafa Nazari na Asalin, an fassara shi azaman "Ƙariƙa mai sarrafawa ta asali". Game da abin da wannan tsarin AOC yake da kuma dalilin da yasa ake buƙatar shi - a cikin sashi na gaba.