A cikin maganin cutar melanoma mai ci gaba, an sami nasara wani sabon nau'in rigakafi ne, wanda kuma ake amfani dashi a Poland akan wasu zaɓaɓɓun rukunin marasa lafiya, in ji masana yayin taron manema labarai a Warsaw.
Shugaban asibitin nama mai laushi, kashi da ciwon daji na melanoma a Cibiyar Oncology a Warsaw, prof. Piotr Rutkowski ya ce har zuwa kwanan nan, marasa lafiya da ke fama da cutar melanoma na iya rayuwa kawai na rabin shekara. Godiya ga sabon tsarin rigakafi, wanda ke buɗewa PD-1 shirin mai karɓar mutuwa kuma yana kunna tsarin rigakafi don yaƙar ƙwayoyin cutar kansa, rabin marasa lafiya suna rayuwa watanni 24. Wasu daga cikinsu suna rayuwa da yawa.
An yi rajistar magungunan da ke toshe mai karɓar PD-1 a cikin Tarayyar Turai, amma ba a biya su ba tukuna a Poland. Koyaya, ana samun su a yawancin ƙasashen Turai, gami da. a Slovakia, Sweden, Czech Republic, Finland, Slovenia, Bulgaria, Ireland, Spain, Denmark, Luxembourg, Austria, Girka da kuma Burtaniya. A wajen EU, ana kuma mayar da waɗannan magungunan a cikin Amurka, Kanada, Isra'ila da Switzerland.
"Muna jiran biyan kuɗin waɗannan shirye-shiryen, saboda ba tare da su ba yana da wuya a yi magana game da maganin zamani na ci gaba na melanoma na metastatic, yana ba wa wasu marasa lafiya bege ga tsawo da kuma inganta ingancinsa" - ya jaddada Farfesa Rutkowski. Wadannan magungunan gabaɗaya ba sa haifar da wani mummunan illa.
Ya zuwa yanzu, Hukumar Kula da Fasahar Kiwon Lafiya da Tariffs ta fitar da ra'ayi mai kyau game da maido da PD-1 da ke toshe magunguna a ƙarƙashin shirin miyagun ƙwayoyi tare da sauran hanyoyin kwantar da hankali da aka amince da su don maganin wannan cuta.
Shirye-shiryen buɗewa mai karɓar PD-1, duk da haka, ana amfani da su a cikin ƙasarmu, ya zuwa yanzu akan zaɓaɓɓen rukunin marasa lafiya. Farfesa Rutkowski ya ce game da cutar sankarau, ya zuwa yanzu an yi amfani da su a cikin marasa lafiya sama da 200, waɗanda 100 daga cikinsu suna raye. An kula da su azaman wani ɓangare na gwaji na asibiti ko kuma abin da ake kira Shirin Farko na Farko wanda masana'antun magunguna ke bayarwa.
"Wannan shirin, wanda ya fara a watan Maris 2015, ya sanya majiyyata 61 da ke da ci-gaban melanoma. Daga wannan rukunin, har yanzu ana jinyar marasa lafiya 30 ”- in ji Farfesa Rutkowski.
Mai ba da shawara na kasa a fannin likitancin likitancin Farfesa Prof. Maciej Krzakowski, shugaban asibitin ciwon huhu na Cibiyar Oncology a Warsaw, ya ce magungunan da ke toshe mai karɓar PD-1 a Amurka da Tarayyar Turai an amince da su don maganin ciwon huhu. A Poland, a halin yanzu ana samun su a matsayin wani ɓangare na gwaji na asibiti.
“Har yanzu, ana amfani da magungunan irin wannan ne kawai a matsayin jiyya na gaba (mataki III), lokacin da sauran hanyoyin magani sun riga sun ƙare. Yanzu ana yin amfani da su a cikin jiyya ta farko "- in ji Farfesa Krzakowski. Wannan yana canza dabarun jiyya don cututtuka irin su ci gaban melanoma (mataki IV ko rashin aiki, mataki na III).
Farfesa Krzakowski ya bayyana cewa, yawancin cututtukan daji suna guje wa harin ƙwayoyin rigakafi na majiyyaci. Suna hana aikin mai karɓar PD-1 akan saman waɗannan sel (lymphocytes). Suna amfani da wata hanyar da jiki ke amfani da ita don hana tsarin garkuwar jiki yin muni sosai (wanda ke ba da kariya daga cututtuka na autoimmune).
"Magungunan zamani na gaba suna buɗe masu karɓar PD-1, suna kunna tsarin rigakafi don gane da kuma yaƙar ƙwayoyin cutar kansa," in ji wani mai ba da shawara na ƙasa.
Masana sun yarda a yayin ganawar da 'yan jarida cewa har yanzu babu wata hanyar da za ta iya tantance ko wane mara lafiya ne zai amfana da irin wannan nau'in rigakafi. A cikin yanayin melanoma, marasa lafiya tare da babban magana na masu karɓar PD-1 gabaɗaya sun amsa da kyau. A cikin watan Disamba na 2015, an kuma amince da ɗaya daga cikin irin waɗannan magungunan don maganin ciwon daji na koda a Amurka.
Farfesa Krzakowski ya ce mafita mai kyau ita ce ba da kuɗin irin wannan nau'in jiyya ta hanyar kasafin kuɗi na jihar lokacin da ya tabbatar da tasiri a cikin majiyyaci. Bugu da ƙari, akwai kuma damar cewa bayan wani lokaci irin wannan magani za a iya dakatar da shi a cikin akalla wasu marasa lafiya, lokacin da tsarin rigakafi zai iya sarrafa ci gaban cutar neoplastic kanta.
Al'umman Amurka na ASCO) a watan Fabrairu na 2016 sun amince da rigakafin kwayar cutar ta PD-1) a matsayin babban rabo na shekaru 2015 na Cliner 11 ". Immunotherapy zai kasance daya daga cikin manyan batutuwan taron shekara-shekara na AZSCO, wanda zai fara a Chicago a karshen watan Mayu.