Hypomania cuta ce ta yanayin yanayi da ke tattare da lokutan tashin hankali, yawan motsa jiki, da canjin yanayi. Har yanzu ba kasafai ake gano shi a haka ba kuma ya kasance ana iya gane shi a matsayin lokaci mai girman gaske. Yawancin lokaci shine farkon wani lamari na damuwa bayan lokacin hypomania wanda ke haifar da ganewar cutar. Haɗuwa da maganin miyagun ƙwayoyi, ilimin halin ɗan adam da salon rayuwa mai kyau yana taimakawa daidaita yanayin haƙuri.

Ma'anar hypomania

Hypomania wani yanayi ne na yanayi wanda ke da lokuta na rashin jin daɗi, yawan aiki da kuma yanayin yanayi, wanda ke hade da damuwa na barci. Tsawon waɗannan alamun bai wuce kwanaki huɗu ba.

Wannan lokaci sau da yawa yana biye da wani, damuwa. Sai mu yi magana game da bipolarity, wato na manic depression, sauye-sauye na manias da damuwa.

Hypomania yawanci na yau da kullun ne. Sigar haske ce ta mania. Mania wata cuta ce da ta wuce akalla mako guda kuma tana gabatar da gagarumin canji a cikin aiki wanda zai iya haifar da asibiti ko bayyanar cututtuka na psychotic - hallucinations, delusions, paranoia.

Har ila yau, Hypomania na iya kasancewa a matsayin wani ɓangare na rashin kulawa da hankali tare da ko ba tare da hyperactivity - wanda aka sani da acronym ADHD -, ko ma ciwon schizoaffective, idan yana tare da sassan. na yaudara.

Nau'in d'hypomanies

Akwai nau'in hypomania guda ɗaya kawai.

Dalilan hypomania

Ɗaya daga cikin abubuwan da ke haifar da hypomania shine kwayoyin halitta. Binciken da aka yi kwanan nan ya nuna shigar da kwayoyin halitta da yawa - musamman akan chromosomes 9, 10, 14, 13 da 22 - a farkon cutar. Wannan haɗuwa da kwayoyin halitta, wanda aka ce yana da rauni, ya sa alamun cututtuka, sabili da haka jiyya, daban-daban ga kowane mutum.

Wani hasashe yana haifar da matsala a cikin sarrafa tunani. Wannan damuwa zai fito ne daga rashin aiki na wasu ƙwayoyin cuta, wanda zai haifar da hyperactivity na hippocampus - wani yanki na kwakwalwa mai mahimmanci don ƙwaƙwalwa da koyo. Wannan zai haifar da rushewa a cikin ayyukan neurotransmitters da ke taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen sarrafa tunani. Wannan ka'idar tana goyan bayan tasirin dangi na magungunan psychotropic - ciki har da masu daidaita yanayin yanayi - aiki akan waɗannan ƙwayoyin cuta.

Bincike na hypomania

Idan aka yi la’akari da ƙarancin ƙarfinsu da ɗan gajeren su, matakan hypomania galibi suna da wahalar ganowa, don haka yana haifar da rashin ganewar waɗannan abubuwan. Tawagar ta yi imanin cewa mutumin yana cikin yanayi mai kyau, cikin kyakkyawan tsari. Sau da yawa shine farkon rashin damuwa bayan wannan lokaci na hypomanic wanda ke tabbatar da ganewar asali.

Ana yin cutar ta marigayi a ƙarshen samartaka ko farkon girma, a ƙarshen shekaru 20-25.

Kayan aiki suna ba da damar yin niyya mafi kyau ga hasashen kasancewar hypomania:

• Tambayar Ciwon Hali -Asali na asali a cikin Ingilishi - an buga shi a cikin 2000 a cikinAmerican Journal of Psychiatry, zai iya gano bakwai daga cikin mutane goma masu fama da ciwon bipolar - tare da maye gurbin (hypo) mania da damuwa - da kuma tace tara cikin mutane goma da ba su da. Sigar Turanci ta asali: http://www.sadag.org/images/pdf/mdq.pdf. Fassara zuwa Faransanci: http://www.cercle-d-excellence-psy.org/fileadmin/Restreint/MDQ%20et%20Cotation.pdf;
• La Checklist d'hypomanie, niyya ƙarin hypomania kaɗai, wanda Jules Angst, farfesa a ilimin hauka ya haɓaka a cikin 1998: http://fmc31200.free.fr/bibliotheque/hypomanie_angst.pdf.

Yi hankali, ƙwararren likita ne kawai zai iya kafa ingantaccen ganewar asali ta amfani da waɗannan kayan aikin.

Mutanen da ke fama da hypomania

Yawan yaɗuwar rayuwa na hypomania a cikin yawan jama'a shine 2-3%.

Abubuwan da ke ba da fifiko ga hypomania

Iyalai daban-daban na dalilai suna inganta hypomania.

Abubuwan da ke da alaƙa da abubuwan da suka faru na rayuwa masu damuwa ko abin tunawa kamar:

• Damuwa na yau da kullum - musamman dandana a lokacin jariri;
• Babban bashin barci;
• Rashin masoyi;
• Asara ko canjin aiki;
• Motsawa.

Abubuwan da suka shafi amfani da takamaiman abubuwa:

• Amfani da tabar wiwi a lokacin samartaka ko samartaka;
• Yin amfani da magungunan anabolic androgenic steroids (ASA) - magungunan doping masu karfi ga 'yan wasa);
• Shan tricyclic antidepressants kamar desipramine, waɗanda aka sani don haifar da hawan keke mai sauri ko manic ko abubuwan hypomanic.

A ƙarshe, abubuwan da ke haifar da ƙwayoyin halitta ba za a wuce su ba. Kuma haɗarin tasowa hypomania yana ninka da biyar idan ɗaya daga cikin danginmu na farko ya riga ya sami shi.

Hyperactivity

Hypomania yana kaiwa ga zamantakewa, ƙwararru, makaranta ko haɓakar jima'i ko tashin hankali - rashin hankali, rashin lafiya da rashin ƙarfi na psychomotor.

Rashin maida hankali

Hypomania yana haifar da rashin hankali da hankali. Mutanen da ke da hypomania suna da sauƙin shagaltuwa da / ko kuma suna sha'awar abubuwan da ba su da mahimmanci ko marasa mahimmanci na waje.

Tuki a ƙarin haɗari

Hypomaniac yana ƙara shiga cikin ayyukan da ke da daɗi, amma hakan na iya haifar da lahani - alal misali, mutum ya ƙaddamar da ƙima cikin sayayya mara kyau, halin jima'i na rashin hankali ko saka hannun jarin kasuwanci mara ma'ana.

Rashin damuwa

Yawancin lokaci shine farkon rashin damuwa bayan wani lokaci na hyperactivity wanda ke tabbatar da ganewar asali.

Sauran alamu

• Ƙara girman kai ko ra'ayoyin girma;
• Fadadawa;
• euphoria;
• Rage lokacin barci ba tare da fuskantar gajiya ba;
• Ƙaunar yin magana akai-akai, babban sadarwa;
• Gudun ra'ayoyin: majiyyaci yana wucewa da sauri daga zakara zuwa jaki;
• Rashin fushi;
• Halin girman kai ko rashin kunya.

Maganin hypomania sau da yawa yana haɗa nau'ikan jiyya da yawa.

Har ila yau, a cikin yanayin yanayin hypomania inda babu wani canji mai kyau a cikin ayyuka na sana'a, ayyukan zamantakewa, ko dangantakar mutane, asibiti ba lallai ba ne.

Ana iya ba da magani na magunguna na tsawon lokaci, daga shekaru biyu zuwa biyar, ko ma na rayuwa. Wannan magani na iya haɗawa da:

• Mai daidaita yanayin yanayi - ko thymoregulator -, wanda ba mai kara kuzari ba ne kuma ba mai kwantar da hankali ba, kuma wanda manyan 3 sune lithium, valproate da carbamazepine;
• Atypical antipsychotic (APA): olanzapine, risperidone, aripiprazole da quetiapine.

Binciken na baya-bayan nan ya tabbatar da cewa a cikin tsaka-tsakin lokaci - sama da shekara ɗaya ko biyu - haɗuwa da yanayin daidaitawa tare da APA shine dabarun warkewa wanda ke ba da sakamako mafi kyau fiye da monotherapy.

Yi hankali, duk da haka, a lokacin farkon jigon hypomania, ilimin halin yanzu yana gayyatar mu don fifita magani ɗaya kawai, don magance yuwuwar rashin haƙuri na haɗuwa da ƙwayoyin cuta.

Magungunan kwakwalwa kuma suna da mahimmanci don magance hypomanias. Bari mu faɗi:

• Ilimin halin dan Adam yana taimakawa haɓaka dabarun jurewa ko hana ɓarna ta hanyar daidaita bacci, abinci da motsa jiki;
• Halaye da kuma hanyoyin kwantar da hankali.

A ƙarshe, kyawawan halaye na cin abinci, gami da 'ya'yan itatuwa da kayan marmari, da sarrafa nauyi kuma suna taimakawa tashar hypomania.

Hana hypomania ko sake dawowarsa yana buƙatar:

• Kula da rayuwar lafiya;
• Kauce wa maganin rigakafi - sai dai idan takardar magani ta baya ta kasance mai tasiri kuma ba ta haifar da canjin hypomanic gauraye ba, ko kuma idan yanayin ya kasance da damuwa lokacin da aka dakatar da antidepressant;
• Kauce wa infusions na St. John's Wort, antidepressant na halitta;
• Kada a daina jiyya - rabin sake dawowa saboda dakatar da magani bayan watanni shida.