Yadda ake shuka fure a cikin bazara a waje

Duk wani mai lambu ya kamata ya fahimci abubuwan da ke tattare da dasa shuki da kuma kula da amfanin gona da aka dasa. Fuskar mazaunin bazara shine makircinsa, wanda duk abin da ke tsiro - daga kayan lambu zuwa furanni. Kowane mutum yana da zaɓin dandano daban-daban, amma furen an yi la'akari da shi a matsayin wanda ya fi so. A cikin labarin za mu gaya muku yadda ake shuka fure a cikin ƙasa buɗe kuma bincika nuances na dasawa.

Kulawar Rose abu daya ne. Amma yana da mahimmanci a shuka fure daidai. Kuskure ne a yi tunanin cewa ya isa a tona rami a dasa a yayyafa shukar da ƙasa. Girma wardi ba tsari mai rikitarwa ba ne, amma yana buƙatar fahimta. Ya hada da:

• saukowa,
• dasa wardi,
• top dressing,
• kariya daga cututtuka da kwari.

Kuskure daga wurin mazaunin bazara yana haifar da mutuwar shuka ko kuma ta daina fure.

Zaɓin tsire-tsire

Zai fi kyau saya furen fure daga gidan gandun daji. An ba ku tabbacin samun abin da kuke so. Lokacin nazarin seedling, kula da tushen. Dole ne su kasance masu ƙarfi kuma ba su da lahani. Tushen da aka yanke yakamata ya kasance yana da farin tint, yana nuna aiki na kwanan nan.

Ba koyaushe yana yiwuwa a sayi fure a cikin kantuna na musamman da kantuna ba. Ana iya siyar da seedling a cikin shaguna ko a kasuwa - a cikin peat ko kwantena na takarda, tare da ko ba tare da ƙulli na ƙasa ba. Dokokin iri ɗaya ne, kula da tushen musamman.

Kada ku saya shuka tare da busassun tushen.

Idan tushen tsarin yana cikin ƙasa, to, kamshi. Ƙasa bai kamata ya wari kamar ƙura ko ruɓe ba.

Lokacin shuka

Lokacin dasa shuki shuka ya dogara da kakar, yanki da nau'in fure: tare da tushen tushen ko a cikin akwati. Dasa wardi a cikin bude ƙasa a cikin bazara ana aiwatar da shi a farkon Afrilu kuma yana iya ci gaba har zuwa Oktoba. Wannan hanya ta shafi yankunan sanyi da damp. Idan kuna zaune a cikin yanki tare da yanayi mai dumi, to, ana iya dasa fure a ƙarshen kaka kuma ta hanyar Maris.

Yadda za a shuka fure da aka saya a cikin kantin sayar da kaya? Akwai bambance-bambance? Store fure, cushe a cikin akwati, za a iya dasa a kowane lokaci na shekara. Amma mafi kyawun lokacin shine bazara da kaka. Babban abu shi ne cewa ƙasa ta hadu da alamomi pH da zazzabi.

Kafin dasa shuki a cikin bazara, tabbatar da duba ƙasa. Kodayake yawancin nau'ikan wardi suna jure wa sanyi da kyau, wannan baya nufin cewa ana iya yin dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa mai daskarewa. Ƙasa ya kamata ya dumi har zuwa akalla + 10-12 digiri. Matsayin zafi kuma yana da mahimmanci. Yadda za a duba shi:

1. Ɗauki ƙasa ka matse ta cikin dunƙule.
2. Idan, bayan matsawa, yana riƙe da siffarsa, wannan alama ce mai kyau.
3. Jefa dunƙule a ƙasa. Yana rushewa cikin sauƙi - ƙasa tana cikin tsari.

Yadda za a zabi wurin da ya dace

Furen yana buƙatar haske mai kyau, sarari da ƙasa ta al'ada. Rosa ɗan kudu ne ta asali, wanda ya girma a cikin rana da ƙasashe masu dumi, sabili da haka ba ya jure wa dogon inuwa. Idan babu hasken rana, zai fara bushewa. Amma da rana, kana buƙatar a taƙaice samar mata da inuwa.

NASIHA. Kada ka dasa fure kusa da bishiyar 'ya'yan itace ko dogayen bishiyoyi masu ba da inuwa.

Kar a manta kariya ta iska. Tunda kyawun kudanci yana son rana da zafi, iska mai sanyi ba ta yarda da ita ba. Mafi kyawun wuri don sauka yana kusa da shinge. Ba kusa ba, amma ba da nisa sosai don kada shukar ta sami iska mai sanyi.

Rose na bukatar sarari. Abin ban mamaki, amma ganuwar suna shafar rigakafi na furen. Idan ka dasa fure kusa da bango ko shrubs da ke ba da inuwa, ba zai yi girma da kyau ba.

Yadda za a dasa fure don ya girma da kyau? Kuna buƙatar farawa da shirya ƙasa. Ƙasar da ta dace don wardi za ta tabbatar da kyakkyawan girma da ci gaba. A kan ƙasan da ke ƙarƙashin ruwa, dasa furanni ba shi da daraja. A ka'ida, waɗannan furanni suna girma sosai a kowace ƙasa lambu, amma loam tare da ƙananan pH ana ɗaukar mafi kyau duka.

Muhimmanci. Kada ku dasa a yankin da wardi ke girma fiye da shekaru 10. Ƙasar ta ƙare sosai a lokacin.

Magudanar ruwa zai taimaka hana yawan danshi. Sabili da haka, lokacin shirya ramin, dutsen da aka rushe, tsakuwa ko ƙananan tubalin da aka fashe an shimfiɗa su a ƙasa.

Shirye-shiryen ƙasa

Babu wani tsiro da zai iya girma kullum a cikin ƙasa mara kyau. Al'ada ƙasar ga nasara girma na wardi ne dan kadan acidic loam tare da ma'adanai da kwayoyin halitta. Yin tono ko ƙara humus zai taimaka wajen inganta yanayin ƙasa. Idan ba ku san menene acidity na ƙasarku ba, saya pH mita ko tube gwajin. Mafi kyawun pH na duniya shine 5.5-6.5. Za'a iya rage yawan acidity kaɗan ta ƙara lemun tsami.

Ƙasa maras kyau kuma tana da mummunar tasiri a kan ci gaban wardi, ƙaramin Layer mai laushi, sa'an nan kuma yumbu, wanda ke riƙe da danshi na dogon lokaci. Kuna iya gyara wannan yanayin ta hanyar dasa fure a cikin gadon furen da aka ɗaga da shi wanda ke ɗauke da labu mai ƙima.

NASIHA. Idan ba zai yiwu a sake sabunta gadaje na fure gaba ɗaya a tsohon wurin ba, to, lokacin dasa shuki wardi, cika ramukan dasa da ƙasa daga wurin da ba su girma ba. Don wadatar da ƙasa, ƙara takin gargajiya zuwa gare ta.

dasa mix

Yana da kyau a kula da ingancin ƙasa a gaba fiye da ciyar da abinci mara iyaka daga baya. Ana iya siya ko shirya cakuda ƙasa don dasa shuki da kansa, ya ƙunshi:

• 4 sassa na sod ƙasar;
• 4 sassa na humus;
• 1 sashi na yashi.

Shirye-shiryen shuka

Domin wardi su sami tushe a lokacin dasawa, dole ne a fara shirya su. Don wannan kuna buƙatar:

• Ganyayyaki, buds da 'ya'yan itatuwa - yanke.
• Matattu da harbe-harbe - yanke.
• Tushen lalacewa - yanke. Yayi tsayi sosai - gajarta zuwa 30 cm.
• Shriveled mai tushe - jiƙa daji cikin ruwa na sa'o'i da yawa.
• Tushen bushe - jiƙa su a cikin guga na ruwa na ɗan lokaci.

Yana da kyau sosai idan jiƙa ba kawai a cikin ruwa ba, amma a cikin wani bayani tare da wani nau'i na haɓakar haɓaka don tsarin doki, misali, Kornevin. Ana sanya seedling a cikin maganin da aka shirya har zuwa tushen abin wuya kuma an sanya shi don 3-4 hours.

NASIHA. Dole ne a haƙa rami a gaba. Idan ba ta shirya ba, to sai a rufe tushen, hana su bushewa.

Jinkirin saukowa

Amma idan an jinkirta saukowa na 'yan kwanaki fa? Yi haka: shirya seedling kuma saka shi a cikin cellar ko wurin da ba zai daskare ba. Idan an jinkirta dasa shuki fiye da kwanaki 10, kuma yanayin ya ba da izini, to, tono seedlings a cikin rami. Don wannan:

1. tono ƙaramin rami;
2. sanya seedlings a jere a saman ɗayan bangarorin;
3. yayyafa tushen da ƙananan mai tushe tare da ƙasa da m.

Sakamako mai kyau, don adana shuka, ana ba da su ta hanyar tsoma tushen a cikin yumbu mai yumbu. Clay talker shine maganin yumbu tare da ruwa wanda yayi kama da kirim mai tsami a cikin daidaito.

Yadda ake shuka

Don haka, yawan zafin jiki yana da kyau, ƙasa yana da sako-sako da dumi, an shirya tsire-tsire. Za a iya shuka? Ba mai sauƙi ba. Shuka kuma ya dogara da nau'in wardi. Don dasa wardi daidai, la'akari da nau'in su - daji, daidaitattun ko hawan wardi ana shuka su ta hanyoyi daban-daban. Ko da tushen tsarin fure yana da mahimmanci lokacin dasa shuki.

Bush wardi

Kafin dasa shuki, duba tushen - girman da siffar rami zai dogara da su. Idan seedling yana da tsarin tushen tsari, to, an yi rami mai zagaye, faɗin 60 cm kuma har zuwa zurfin 50 cm. Tare da haɓakar gefe ɗaya, ana yin rami mai kama da fan.

Saukowar da kanta tayi kamar haka:

1. Ana haƙa rami, la'akari da tushen tsarin.
2. Ana zuba wani ɗan ƙaramin tudu na ƙasa a yayyafa wa ƙasa cakuɗun hannu biyu.
3. Ana dasa seedling ta yadda aka saba rarraba tushen a ƙasa, kuma a yayyafa shi da cakuda ƙasa.
4. An ɗan girgiza shuka kuma an sake haɗa shi da ƙasa.
5. Bayan haka, ramin yana cike da rabi da cakuda shuka kuma an haɗa shi da sauƙi tare da ƙafa: daga gefe zuwa tsakiya.
6. Sauran ramin yana cike da ƙasa kuma an sake haɗa shi.
7. Ana kwance saman saman kuma an ƙara ƙasa kaɗan a cikin ramin.
8. Gidan grafting ya kamata ya zama 2,5 cm a ƙasa da ƙasa da aka zubar.

Hybrid shayi wardi ana shuka su a irin wannan hanya.

Buga hatimi

Duk nau'ikan wardi suna da kyau a hanyarsu. Amma idan kun yanke shawarar shuka nau'ikan nau'ikan daban-daban a cikin gadon fure ɗaya, sannan ku fara shuka daidaitattun. Ana dasa furen fure bisa ga ka'ida ɗaya kamar furen daji. Babban bambanci shi ne kasancewar fegi don garter don shuka ya riƙe da kyau kuma kada ya karye.

Zai yi kyau sosai ga daidaitaccen furen fure idan tushen tsarin ya jiƙa, kafin dasa shuki, na sa'o'i 3-4 a cikin maganin sodium humate.

Tun lokacin da ake buƙatar dasa daji don hunturu, ana sanya shuka a cikin rami tare da ɗan gangara zuwa gefe, inda aka shirya ta lanƙwasa shi a cikin fall kafin tsari.

Hawan

Saboda haka waɗannan wardi suna da irin wannan suna wanda, kamar loach, suna rarrafe zuwa tarnaƙi da sama. Kuma don samun ci gaba mai nasara, kuna buƙatar tallafi. Yawancin lokaci bango ne. Tushen fure mai hawa ya kamata a kasance kusa da bangon tallafi. Ana haka rami mai saukarwa.

Kafin dasa shuki seedling, ana shuka ƙasa. Furen yana buƙatar shayarwa na yau da kullun don kada tushen su sha wahala daga bushewa. Sauran tsire-tsire ya kamata a kasance a nesa da kusan rabin mita daga fure.

Nisa tsakanin bushes

An ba da izinin shuka nau'ikan wardi daban-daban a cikin gadon fure, amma duk suna buƙatar sarari. In ba haka ba, fure ɗaya zai yi girma har ya ɗauki dukkan haske, ɗayan kuma zai bushe. Nisa tsakanin wardi lokacin dasa shuki ya dogara da nau'in su.

Mafi girman nisa tsakanin wardi na iri ɗaya - a cikin hawan - har zuwa mita 3. Fesa wardi suna located a nesa na daya da rabi mita daga juna. Ƙarƙashin girma da daidaitattun - tsakanin 1-1.2 m.

Dubi tebur don ƙarin cikakkun bayanai kan nisan shuka.

Dasa shuka a cikin akwati

Bushes da aka saya a cikin kwantena ana dasa su a cikin rami da aka riga aka shirya. Wajibi ne a tono rami don akwai rata na 7-10 cm tsakanin akwati da ganuwar hutu. Za a cika cakuda shuka a cikin wannan rata. Suna sauke daji a cikin rami kuma a hankali yanke akwati a hankali, suna ƙoƙarin kada su lalata ƙasa.

Bugu da ari, sarari tsakanin dunƙule da rami yana cike da cakuda ƙasa. Kada ku yi amfani da aikin lambu - yana da kyau a saya na musamman, takin tare da kwayoyin halitta. Sai a dunkule kasa a shayar da ita har sai furen ya samu saiwoyi. Dole ne a yi wannan a lokacin bushewa.

Rose dashi

Wani lokaci, lokacin da aka shirya don sake gina gonar lambu, sake farfado da daji ko inganta wurin, ya zama dole don dasawa. Idan an yi komai daidai, furen zai yi tushe daidai a sabon wuri. Mafi kyawun lokacin dasawa shine farkon bazara ko ƙarshen kaka.

Kuna iya dasa shuki a lokacin rani, amma wannan ya kamata a yi idan akwai gaggawa. Babu buƙatar dagula shuka a lokacin samuwar buds, da kuma lokacin zafi.

Da fatan za a lura: ana yin dashen bazara na daji kafin farkon lokacin girma, wato, kafin ganye ya bayyana.

An shirya rami 50/50 cm a gaba. An lullube ƙasa da magudanar ruwa. Ana iya niƙa shi da dutse, tsakuwa ko ƙananan tubali. Idan ƙasar ba ta da haihuwa, to, ya fi kyau saya cakuda da aka shirya ko shirya shi da kanka, daga peat, yashi da humus. Don dasawa daidai, kuna buƙatar bin waɗannan matakan:

1. Gajarta mai tushe.
2. Yi haƙa daji a hankali tare da felu daga bangarorin 4, komawa baya daga tsakiya ta 25 cm.
3. Ɗauki tudun ƙasa tare da daji a saka a cikin keken keke.

Zai fi kyau a dasa fure nan da nan, amma idan an jinkirta dasa shuki, to, ƙwallon ƙasa ya kamata a nannade shi a cikin zane kuma a kiyaye shi da m.

MUHIMMI. Lokacin dasa shuki, tushen wuyan ya kamata ya kasance daidai da matakin da aka riga aka dasa.

Lokacin dasa shuki, duba tsarin tushen. Idan akwai ruɓaɓɓen sassa ko kamuwa da tushen tushen, to sai a cire su, kuma a bi da sassan da ash ko kore mai haske.

Bayan sanya tushen fure a cikin rami, yayyafa ƙasa da tamp. Bayan compaction, zuba, da sauransu sau 2-3. Za a iya ƙarfafa tsarin tushen lalacewa tare da tushen tushen Kornevin.

Taki taki

Kafin dasa shuki, dole ne a takin ƙasa tare da urea da superphosphate, 1 tbsp kowane. l. Lokacin da ake tono ƙasa, ana shigar da humus ko peat a cikin rami.

Shuka yana buƙatar ba kawai shayarwa na yau da kullun da sassauta ba, har ma da ciyarwa. Furen zai bushe ba tare da "abinci" mai kyau ba.

Wadanne bitamin da ma'adanai take bukata?

• Nitrogen: yana motsa koren girma.
• Phosphorus: haɓakar fure.
• Potassium: inganta rigakafi.
• Calcium: tushen girma da kuma kara kuzari.
• Magnesium: alhakin chlorophyll.

MUHIMMI: Wardi suna son taki, amma ba za a iya amfani da sabo ba: yana ƙone tushen. Yana buƙatar diluted. Kyakkyawan takin mai magani don furanni - Osmokot, Kemira.

A cikin shaguna akwai babban zaɓi na takin mai magani wanda aka tsara musamman don wannan shuka.

Kammalawa

Kamar yadda kake gani, babu abin da ake buƙata na allahntaka lokacin dasa shuki wardi, kamar yadda, hakika, lokacin dasawa. Kuna buƙatar sani kuma kuyi la'akari da wasu nuances lokacin girma wardi. Za su taimaka girma Sarauniyar furanni daga seedling mara rubutu. Kuma a ƙarshe, kalli bidiyo tare da shawara daga mai shuka fure.