Giant pike. Mafi girma a duniya da masunta suka kama (hotuna 30)

Pike na gama-gari yana ɗaya daga cikin manyan kifaye masu farauta da ruwa a Turai. Dangane da bayanan da aka tabbatar, tsayinsa zai iya kaiwa mita 1,5, nauyi har zuwa kilogiram 35 - an kama shi a tafkin Ilmen na Rasha. A cewar wadanda ba a tabbatar da su ba, an kama giant pikes masu nauyin kilogiram 65 a Arewacin Dvina da Dnieper.

Halittu fasali

Siffar jikin pike tana sharewa, kusan cylindrical, ƙofofin dorsal da tsuliya an ɗauke su zuwa baya. Jikin yana rufe da ƙananan ma'auni masu yawa da ɗigon gamsai. Shugaban yana da girma, elongated tare da karfi mai tsayi da ƙwanƙwasa, ƙananan muƙamuƙi yana fitowa gaba. Hakora masu kaifi da yawa suna cikin bakin; a kan ƙananan muƙamuƙi sun fi girma kuma ba su da yawa. Gill rakers gajere ne kuma kauri, tare da lallausan koli. Idanun kifin manya ne kuma na hannu. Launin jiki sau da yawa yana da launin toka-kore, baya ya fi duhu, ɓangarorin suna da haske, tare da tabo mai launin ruwan kasa, wani lokaci suna haɗuwa cikin ratsi masu duhu, ciki fari ne.

Dangane da wurin zama, launi na jiki na iya bambanta sosai. A cikin tafkunan da ke da ruwa mai launin ruwan kasa mai launin ruwan kasa, duhu ne, a cikin kogunan da ke da ruwa mai tsabta da haske yana da launin toka-kore, launin toka-rawaya ko launin toka-launin ruwan kasa. Launi na pike yana canzawa tare da shekaru kuma ya zama duhu. Pectoral da fanniyar ventral suna da launin shuɗi, da dorsal, da kuma caudal past masu launin shuɗi tare da launin ruwan kasa ko baƙi.

Bayanai game da kama babban pike da masu kai hari

1. A cikin 1930, an rubuta farkon pike mafi girma a Rasha, kuma gaskiyar kama pike, wanda nauyinsa ya kai kilogiram 35, an kuma yi rajista a hukumance a karon farko. Wurin da aka kama kifi ya zama tafkin Ilmen, duba Wikipedia. Yawancin masunta sun ce waɗannan ba su kaɗai ba ne, amma kawai sun yi shiru game da nasarar da aka samu saboda suna tsoron hayaniya da kuma kwace abin da aka kama.
2. A jihar New York, an kama wani Pike Masinong mai nauyin kilogiram 32 a kogin St. Lawrence, masuntan ba su iya ja da kansu ba, don haka sai sun taimaka da jirgin ruwa.
3. A cikin Sortavala, an rubuta gaskiyar kama mafi girman pike mai nauyin kilogiram 49, an yi amfani da koto mai rai azaman koto, pike kuma ba ƙaramin girma bane, don zama daidai, 5 kg.
4. A cikin tafkin Uvldach, wanda ke arewa, an kama wani katon pike, wanda nauyinsa ya kai kilogiram 56.
5. Har ila yau, akwai hujjoji na kama wani gagarumin pike a kan Lake Ladoga da our country, amma nauyinsa ba shi da ban sha'awa sosai, wanda ba za a iya faɗi game da shekarunsa ba. Majiyoyin hukuma sun ba da rahoton cewa pike mafi tsufa a duniya ya rayu kusan shekaru 33.
6. Wani lamari mai ban sha'awa shi ne abin da ya faru a cikin Netherlands, inda aka kama wani mafarauci a can, wanda tsawonsa ya kai 120 cm, kuma ya ɗauki minti 10 kawai don cire shi. An saki kifi a cikin asalinsa kai tsaye bayan daukar hoto da aunawa.
7. Kuma kwanan nan, a cikin 2011, a Kanada, an rubuta gaskiyar kama wani pike mai tsayi 118 cm, wanda a zahiri 'yan kwanaki bayan haka an buge shi ta hanyar ungulu a kan kogin St. Lawrence, kama wani mafarauci mai tsayi 130 cm.

Mafi girma pike a duniya

Babban pike ya kasance koyaushe kuma zai kasance batun tatsuniyoyi, tatsuniyoyi da labarun da masu kaifin kiwo ke tattarawa tsawon ƙarni da yawa. Shahararriyar almara ta ce an kama pike mafi girma a duniya a Jamus. Nauyinsa ya kai kilogiram 140, tsayinsa kuwa mita 5,7 ne. Ya kuma ambaci tarihin kifin, wanda ya kai shekaru 270; wannan ya dogara ne akan bayanan da aka samu game da zobe, wanda aka sanya a kan kifi a cikin 1230 bisa ga umarnin Emperor Frederick II.

kwarangwal na wannan kifi ya kasance a cikin gidan kayan gargajiya na birnin Mannheim na dogon lokaci, yana faranta wa masu yawon bude ido ido kuma baya damun kowa. Amma wata rana mai kyau, masana kimiyya sun yanke shawarar bincika sahihancin nunin. Kuma sun tabbatar da cewa wannan taro ne kawai na ƙasusuwan dozin ƙanana na kifaye. Don haka ba komai bane illa almara.

Giant pike kama a Rasha

An yi la'akari da pikes a Rasha a matsayin mafarauta waɗanda suka rayu har zuwa shekaru 20 da nauyin kilo 16. Mafi sau da yawa, irin waɗannan kofuna suna zuwa a kan tafkin Ladoga. Amma masunta suna yin shiru akai-akai game da su, saboda gaskiyar cewa za a kwashe kifi, kuma ba za mu sami komai ba.

Pike mafi girma da aka kama a Rasha an kama shi kuma aka yi masa rajista a hukumance a tafkin Ladoga da aka ambata a sama kusa da birnin Sortavala, kifin ya kai kilogiram 49 200 giram, kuma an kama shi a kan bagadi mai nauyin kilogiram 5, wanda bai dade ba. An kama shi a kan maƙarƙashiya kuma aka ja shi zuwa gaci.

Habitat na kowa pike

Wannan nau'in yana yaduwa a Turai, Asiya da Arewacin Amirka. An fara kawo Pike zuwa Crimea a tsakiyar karni na karshe ta hanyar masunta masu son kuma aka sake su a cikin tafki na Alma.

An gane tasirinsa akan ichthyofauna na wannan tafki a matsayin mara kyau, bayan haka an saukar da tafki kuma an kashe pike a can, amma wannan bai hana shiga cikin tekun ba. A halin yanzu, waɗannan kifayen suna rayuwa ne a kusan dukkanin magudanan ruwa da magudanan ruwa; lokaci-lokaci kuma ana samun su a cikin koguna (misali, Chernaya, Belbek, Biyuk-Karasu), inda suke manne da rafuka da wurare masu zurfi waɗanda ke da rauni mai rauni, kuma suna da yawa a cikin SCC. Ana kuma samun Pike a wasu wuraren da aka keɓe, inda, a fili, ana gabatar da masunta mara izini.

Halaye da haifuwa

Pike yawanci ya fi son wurare masu natsuwa tare da ciyayi na ciyayi a ƙarƙashin ruwa, inda yara ƙanana na sauran nau'in kifin suke da yawa. Babban pike yana ajiyewa a cikin ramuka masu zurfi, ramuka, kusa da ratsan, matsakaici da ƙananan pike - kusa da gefen ciyayi na ruwa, a ƙarƙashin snags da rassan rataye a cikin ruwa. Kifi ba sa yin ƙaura mai girma.

A matsayinka na mai mulki, wuraren ciyar da ita suna kusa da filayen spawning. Fry yana ciyar da crustaceans zooplankton har sai sun kai tsayin 12-15 mm, sannan suka fara cin soya kuma, lokacin da suka kai tsayin 5 cm, gaba ɗaya sun canza zuwa ciyar da kifin matasa. Manya-manyan pike kuma suna cin kifi ne, baya ga cin tsutsotsi, tsutsotsi, kwadi, ƙananan tsuntsayen ruwa da rodents. A matsayinka na mai mulki, duk dabbobin wannan tafki suna samuwa a cikin abincin su. Abubuwan da ke cikin salon rayuwar pike suna da kyau da sunansa na kimiyya na Latin, wanda ke nufin "kerkeci mai yunwa" a fassarar.

Pike ya fara haifuwa tun yana da shekaru 2-3, haɓakarsu yana da wuri sosai, yana faruwa nan da nan bayan kankara narke a cikin ruwa mara kyau, a cikin yanayin yankin Turai na Rasha - yawanci a cikin Fabrairu - Maris, sau ɗaya. Manya-manyan mutane sun fara haifuwa da farko, sannan matsakaicin matsakaici, kuma mafi ƙanƙanta, suna haifuwa a karon farko, suna kammala wasannin motsa jiki. Wata mace tana tare da maza da yawa don haifuwa, ƙwai suna ajiyewa a kan ciyayi na bakin teku. Caviar yana da girma, 2,5-3 mm a diamita, amber-rawaya launi. Yawan kifin ya kai daga 13,8 zuwa 384 dubu qwai. Matar mai tsawon cm 91 kuma tana da nauyin kilogiram 7,8, tana da kwai dubu 2595.

Kammalawa: Wani wuri mai zurfi a ƙarƙashin ruwa, wani tsohon katuwar pike, mai kaifin basira da hankali, a hankali yana iyo ta cikin wuraren farautarsa. Idan akwai mai sa'a mai sa'a wanda zai iya yaudarar wannan mafarauci, kuma yana da isasshen ƙarfi da juriya don jawo babban kifi a bakin teku, to duniya za ta san tarihin Rasha na gaba…