Contents
Epididymitis cuta ce mai kumburin ƙwayar cuta ta musamman wacce ke kama da kunkuntar bututu da ke sama da bayan ƙwaya kuma tana hidima don haɓakawa da kuma ripen spermatozoa - epididymis (epididymis).
Mafi yawan epididymitis a cikin maza masu shekaru 19-35. Pathology a wannan zamani shine abin da ya fi dacewa na asibiti. Kadan sau da yawa, ana rubuta cutar a cikin tsofaffi, kuma epididymitis kusan ba ya faruwa a cikin yara.
Nau'o'i da Sanadin epididymitis
Cutar na iya samun dalilai daban-daban, duka masu yaduwa (saboda cututtukan cututtukan ƙwayoyin cuta, ƙwayoyin cuta, fungi), da marasa kamuwa da cuta. Bacterial epididymitis shine mafi yawan kowa. An yi imani da cewa a cikin matasa (shekaru 15 - 35), yawancin cututtuka suna haifar da cutar ta hanyar jima'i (STIs), irin su chlamydia, gonorrhea, da sauransu. cututtuka na tsarin urinary (misali, enterobacteria). Har ila yau, dalilin epididymitis na iya zama takamaiman cututtuka, irin su tarin fuka (tuberculous epididymitis), da dai sauransu.
Wani lokaci yanayin pathogenic (ko da yaushe ba a cikin jiki, amma ba kullum haifar da wata cuta) naman gwari na Genus Candida zama causative wakili na Pathology, sa'an nan suka yi magana na candidal epididymitis. A wannan yanayin, rashin amfani da maganin rigakafi, raguwar rigakafi, na iya haifar da ci gaban cutar.
Zai yiwu abin da ya faru na tsarin ilimin cututtuka a cikin epididymis a kan bango na: • mumps ("mumps") - kumburi na parotid gland; • angina; • mura; • namoniya; • musamman sau da yawa cututtuka na gabobin da ke kusa - urethritis (cututtukan kumburi na canal na urinary), vesiculitis (cututtukan jima'i), prostatitis (prostate gland), da dai sauransu.
Wani lokaci kamuwa da cuta kuma yana shiga cikin appendage sakamakon wasu manipulations: endoscopy, catheterization, bougienage na urethra (hanyar ganowa da aka gudanar ta hanyar gabatar da kayan aiki na musamman - bougie).
Epididymitis marasa kamuwa da cuta, alal misali, na iya faruwa: • lokacin da aka bi da su da magani irin su Amiodarone don arrhythmias; • bayan haifuwa ta hanyar cirewa / ligation na vas deferens (saboda tarin spermatozoa wanda ba a daidaita shi ba) - granulomatous epididymitis.
Akwai m (tsawon lokacin da cutar ba ta wuce makonni 6) da kuma na kullum epididymitis, wanda aka halin da wani m rauni na biyu appendages, sau da yawa tasowa tare da tuberculous raunuka, syphilis (lokacin fiye da watanni shida).
Dangane da tsananin bayyanar cututtuka, an bambanta m, matsakaici da mai tsanani epididymitis.
Dalili na Hadarin
Tun da epididymitis ya fi sau da yawa sakamakon STIs, babban haɗari ga ci gaban ilimin cututtuka shine jima'i marar karewa. Sauran lokuta masu tayar da hankali: • raunin ƙashin ƙugu, perineum, scrotum, ciki har da sakamakon tiyata (adenomectomy, da dai sauransu); • anomalies a cikin ci gaban tsarin urogenital; • rikicewar tsarin tsarin urinary (ciwon sukari, hyperplasia na prostate, da dai sauransu); • Ayyukan tiyata na baya-bayan nan akan gabobin fitsari; • gyare-gyaren likita - motsa jiki na lantarki (lokacin da rikice-rikice na multidirectional na vas deferens ya faru, wanda zai iya haifar da "tsotsar" microbes daga urethra), jiko na kwayoyi a cikin urethra, catheterization, massages, da dai sauransu; • hyperplasia na prostate; • basur; • ɗaukar nauyi, damuwa ta jiki; • yawan katsewar coitus, tsaunuka ba tare da jima'i ba; • raguwa a cikin garkuwar jiki a sakamakon mummunan cututtuka (ciwon sukari, AIDS, da dai sauransu), hypothermia, overheating, da dai sauransu.
Alamomin epididymitis
Farawar cutar ta bayyana kanta a matsayin alamun cututtuka masu tsanani, wanda, idan babu isasshen magani, yakan kara tsanantawa. Tare da epididymitis, za a iya samun: • jin zafi a gefe ɗaya na ƙwanƙwasa / a cikin gwangwani tare da yiwuwar sakawa zuwa makwancin gwaiwa, sacrum, perineum, ƙananan baya; • zafi mai zafi a yankin da aka shafa; • ciwon pelvic; • ja, ƙara yawan zafin jiki na scrotum; • kumburi / karuwa a girman, induration na appendage; • samuwar ciwace-ciwace a cikin magudanar ruwa; • sanyi da zazzabi (har zuwa digiri 39); • rashin lafiyar gaba ɗaya (rauni, asarar ci, ciwon kai); • karuwa a cikin ƙwayoyin lymph na inguinal; • zafi a lokacin urination, bayan gida; • ƙara yawan fitsari, kwatsam kwatsam; • jin zafi yayin saduwa da fitar maniyyi; • bayyanar jini a cikin maniyyi; • fitarwa daga azzakari.
Takamammen alamar bincike ita ce girman ƙwanƙwasa na iya haifar da taimako na alama (tabbatacciyar alamar Pren).
A halin da ake ciki na ci gaba da cutar, alamun matsalar na iya zama ƙasa da bayyanawa, amma ciwo da ƙara girma na ƙwanƙwasa, da kuma yawan fitsari akai-akai, suna ci gaba.
Muhimmanci! Mugun zafi a cikin ƙwaya alama ce don kulawar likita nan da nan!
Hanyoyin bincike da gano cuta
Ma'aunin bincike na farko a cikin yin ganewar asali shine gwajin likita na gefen da abin ya shafa na ƙwaya, ƙwayoyin lymph a cikin makwancin gwaiwa. Idan ana zargin epididymitis saboda girman prostate, ana yin gwajin dubura.
Bugu da ari, ana amfani da hanyoyin dakunan gwaje-gwaje: • shafa mai daga urethra don nazarin microscopic da keɓewa na masu haddasa STIs; • Bincike na PCR (gano ƙwayar cuta ta hanyar sarkar polymerase); • nazarin asibiti da nazarin halittu na jini; • urinalysis (gaba ɗaya, "gwajin 3-kofin" tare da fitsari a jere a cikin kofuna 3, nazarin al'adu, da dai sauransu); • nazarin ruwa na jini.
Binciken kayan aiki ya ƙunshi abubuwa masu zuwa: • Duban dan tayi na scrotum don ƙayyade raunuka, mataki na kumburi, tsarin ƙwayar cuta, kima na saurin jini (binciken Doppler); • duban nukiliya, wanda aka yi allurar ƙaramin abu na rediyoaktif kuma ana lura da kwararar jini a cikin ɗigon ta amfani da kayan aiki na musamman (yana ba da damar bincikar epididymitis, torsion na testicular); • cystourethroscopy - gabatarwa ta hanyar urethra na kayan aikin gani, cystoscope, don bincika saman ciki na gabobin.
Na'urar daukar hoto da hoton maganadisu ba a cika amfani da su ba.
Maganin epididymitis
Ana gudanar da jiyya na epididymitis a ƙarƙashin kulawar ƙwararren masani - urologist. Bayan binciken, an ba da izinin gano ƙwayoyin cuta, tsayin daka, har zuwa wata ɗaya ko fiye, ana ba da shawarar maganin rigakafi.
An zaɓi shirye-shirye tare da la'akari da hankali na ƙwayoyin cuta na ƙwayoyin cuta, idan ba za a iya kafa nau'in kwayoyin cutar ba, to ana amfani da wakili mai fadi da yawa. Babban magungunan zabi don epididymitis, musamman a gaban sauran pathologies daga tsarin urogenital da kuma matasa, su ne maganin rigakafi na kungiyar fluoroquinolone. Tetracyclines, penicillins, macrolides, cephalosporins, sulfa kwayoyi kuma za a iya rubuta. A cikin yanayin da cutar ta haifar da STI, ana buƙatar hanyar jiyya ta lokaci ɗaya ta abokin jima'i na majiyyaci.
Har ila yau, don sauƙaƙe tsarin kumburi da jin zafi, likita ya ba da shawarar magungunan anti-inflammatory marasa steroidal (irin su indomethacin, nimesil, diclofenac, da dai sauransu), tare da ciwo mai tsanani, an yi wani shinge na novocaine na igiyar maniyyi. Ana iya kuma ba da shawarar: • shan bitamin; • ilimin lissafi; • enzymatic, absorbable (lidase) da sauran shirye-shirye.
Tare da ƙananan ƙwayar cuta, ba a buƙatar asibiti ba, amma idan yanayin ya tsananta (zazzabi ya tashi sama da digiri 39, bayyanar cututtuka na gabaɗaya, karuwa mai yawa a cikin appendage), an aika mai haƙuri zuwa asibiti. Idan babu wani tasiri, ana iya buƙatar wani maganin rigakafi daban. Idan cutar ta ci gaba, musamman tare da raunuka na gefe, akwai tuhuma game da yanayin tarin fuka na pathology. A irin wannan yanayi, ana buƙatar tuntuɓar likitan phthisiourologist kuma, bayan tabbatar da ganewar asali, nada takamaiman magungunan rigakafin tarin fuka.
Ana gudanar da jiyya na nau'i na yau da kullum a cikin irin wannan hanya, amma yana ɗaukar lokaci mai tsawo.
Baya ga shan magani, dole ne majiyyaci ya bi ka'idodi masu zuwa: • kiyaye kwanciyar hankali; • don ba da matsayi mai tsayi na maƙarƙashiya, alal misali, ta hanyar tawul da aka murɗa cikin abin nadi; • ware nauyi dagawa; • kiyaye cikakkiyar hutun jima'i; • ware cin abinci mai yaji, mai mai; • tabbatar da isasshen ruwa; • shafa damfara mai sanyi/kankara zuwa maƙarƙashiya don kawar da kumburi; • sanya suspensorium - bandeji na musamman da ke goyan bayan ƙwanƙwasa, wanda ke tabbatar da sauran maƙarƙashiya, yana hana shi girgiza lokacin tafiya; • Sanya gajeren wando na roba, kututturen ninkaya (ana iya amfani da su har sai alamun zafi sun ɓace).
Yayin da yanayin ya inganta, ana ba da izinin aikin motsa jiki na al'ada: tafiya, gudu, ban da hawan keke. Yana da mahimmanci don guje wa hypothermia na gaba ɗaya da na gida yayin lokacin jiyya da kuma ƙarshensa.
Bayan kammala aikin maganin ƙwayoyin cuta, bayan kimanin makonni 3, ya kamata ku tuntuɓi likita don sake gwadawa (fitsari, maniyyi) don tabbatar da kawar da ciwon gaba daya.
Za'a iya amfani da maganin gargajiya kawai azaman ƙari ga babban hanyar warkewa kuma kawai bayan izinin likitan halartar. Magungunan gargajiya tare da epididymitis suna ba da shawarar yin amfani da kayan ado daga: • leaf lingonberry, furanni tansy, doki; • ganyen nettle, mint, furen linden da sauran shirye-shiryen ganye.
Tare da ci gaba da irin wannan rikitarwa a matsayin kumburin purulent, ana yin buɗewar tiyata na suppuration. A cikin yanayi mai tsanani, yana iya zama dole a cire sashi ko duk abin da abin ya shafa. Bugu da ƙari, ana amfani da aikin don: • don gyara rashin lafiyar jiki wanda ke haifar da ci gaban epididymitis; • a cikin yanayin da ake zargi da zubar da jini / haɗe (hydatids) na epididymis; • a wasu yanayi tare da tarin fuka epididymitis.
matsalolin
A matsayinka na mai mulki, epididymitis yana da kyau a bi da shi tare da kwayoyin cutar antibacterial. Duk da haka, idan babu isasshen magani, matsaloli masu zuwa zasu iya tasowa: • sauyawar cututtukan cututtuka zuwa nau'i na yau da kullum; • abin da ya faru na rauni na biyu; • orchiepididymitis - yaduwar ƙwayar cuta zuwa ƙwayar cuta; • ƙurji na ƙwanƙwasa (purulent, iyakataccen kumburi na kyallen takarda na gabobin); • ci gaba da adhesions tsakanin gwano da scrotum; • ciwon jini na jini (nama necrosis) sakamakon rashin lafiyar jini; • atrophy (raguwa a cikin girman girma, sannan ta hanyar cin zarafi na samar da maniyyi da raguwa a cikin samar da testosterone) na ƙwanƙwasa; • samuwar yoyon fitsari (ƙunƙuntaccen magudanar cututtuka tare da zubar da jini) a cikin ƙwanƙwasa; • Rashin samun haihuwa sakamakon duka biyun raguwar samar da maniyyi ne da samuwar cikas ga ci gaban na karshen.
Rigakafin epididymitis
Babban matakan rigakafin cututtukan fata sun haɗa da: • ingantaccen salon rayuwa; • aminci jima'i; • odar rayuwar jima'i; • gano lokaci da kuma kawar da cututtukan cututtuka na urinary da ke faruwa; • rigakafin rauni ga gwangwani (sanya kayan kariya lokacin yin wasanni masu rauni); • kiyaye buƙatun tsabtace mutum; • warewar zafi mai zafi, hypothermia; • rigakafin / isassun maganin cututtuka masu yaduwa (ciki har da allurar rigakafin cutar mumps), da sauransu.