Bronchospasm wani ƙanƙara ne na huhu wanda ke haifar da toshewar hanyoyin iska na ɗan lokaci, wanda ya zama ruwan dare a cikin masu fama da asma. Wannan yana haifar da raguwar ƙarfin numfashi, na ɗan gajeren lokaci amma marasa lafiya suna fama da muni sosai.

Menene bronchospasm?

Bronchospasm yana nufin raguwar tsokoki a bangon bronchi, cibiyar sadarwar numfashi a zuciyar huhu.

Wannan ƙanƙancewar na ɗaya daga cikin manyan sakamakon asma: cuta ce ta gama gari ta hanyar numfashi. Hanyoyin iska na mutanen da ke fama da cutar asma suna yawan ƙonewa kuma suna rufe da ƙumburi, wanda ke rage sararin da ake samu don yaduwar iska. Wannan raguwa na dindindin ne kuma yana rage ƙarfin numfashi na masu ciwon asma.

Bronchospasm wani abu ne na lokaci-lokaci. Yana faruwa a lokacin da tsokoki na bronchi kwangila. 

Ta hanyar kwatankwacin, zamu iya tunanin cewa huhun mu yana kama da bishiyoyi, tare da gangar jikin gama gari (inda iska ta zo), da rassan da yawa, da bronchi. Masu ciwon asma suna da rassan da suka makale a ciki, saboda kumburi da kumburin su. Kuma a lokacin bronchospasm, waɗannan bronchi sun yi kwangila a sakamakon aikin tsokoki da ke kewaye da su. Ta hanyar yin kwangila, saboda haka bronchi yana rage yawan kwararar numfashi da ake da shi, kamar yadda lokacin da aka canza famfo daga iyakarta zuwa raguwar kwarara, ko ma yanke. 

An kiyasta cewa kimanin kashi 15% na masu ciwon asthma suna ganin bronchospasms kadan ne, saboda al'adar da ke tattare da kwararar numfashinsu.

Yadda za a gane shi?

Bronchospasm yana jin da majiyyaci lokacin da numfashinsa ke da wuya, kamar dai an hana shi. Iskar da aka fitar na iya yin ɗan sautin hushi ko ma haifar da tari. 

hadarin dalilai

Bronchospasm yana da haɗari a zahiri, tun da yake yana rinjayar ɗayan mahimman buƙatun rayuwa: numfashi. Ƙunƙarar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta ta hanyar "rufe" duk hanyoyin numfashi, wanda ke shayar da mai shan wahala nan take.

Haɗarin da ke tattare da bronchospasm saboda haka ya dogara da yanayin. Bronchospasm na iya faruwa a cikin m yanayi: wasanni, anesthesia, barci, kuma yana da sakamako mai ban mamaki.

fuka

Bronchospasm yana daya daga cikin alamomi guda biyu na asma, tare da kumburin hanyoyin iska. Asthma wata muguwar da'ira ce ga masu dauke da ita: hanyoyin iska sun ragu, wanda ke haifar da halittar gamsai wanda ke kara hana dakin samun iskar oxygen.

Cutar sankara na yau da kullun (COPD)

Cutar da ta fi shafar masu shan taba na yau da kullun, amma kuma ana iya danganta ta da gurɓatawa, ƙura ko yanayi mai ɗanɗano. An bambanta shi da tari mai ƙarfi, kuma yana haifar da ƙarancin numfashi. 

emphysema

Emphysema na huhu cuta ce ta huhu. Idan abubuwan da ke haifar da su sun kasance daidai da na mashako na yau da kullum ( gurɓatawa, taba), ana nuna shi da fushi na alveoli, ƙananan aljihun iska a cikin huhu, yana haifar da matsalolin numfashi.

Bronchiectasis

Bronchiectasis cututtuka ne da ba kasafai ba, yana haifar da dilation na bronchi fiye da kima kuma yana haifar da tari mai tsanani, kuma wani lokacin bronchospasms.

Bronchospasm wani ƙaƙƙarfan ƙanƙara ne, don haka matsalolinsa za su kasance da dangantaka ta kud da kud da yanayin majiyyaci a lokacin waɗannan ƙullun. Zai iya haifar da gazawar numfashi mai tsanani, wanda zai yi tasiri daban-daban a jiki:

• Suma, coma
• Rikicin tsoro
• Girgiza kai, gumi
• Hypoxia (rashin isashshen iskar oxygen)
• Ciwon zuciya, gazawar zuciya

Babban hadarin ya kasance bronchospasm a lokacin maganin sa barci, kamar yadda jiki ke yin maganin sa barci wanda zai iya haifar da kama numfashi idan an haɗa shi da bronchospasm.

Bronchospasms bisa ga dabi'a al'amura ne na kashe-kashe. Don hana faruwar su, mutum zai iya amfani da kwayoyi masu iya inganta tsarin numfashi.

Yi nazarin huhu

Da farko dai, yakamata a yi nazarin iyawar numfashin mara lafiya ta amfani da na'urorin spirometric, waɗanda ke tantance ƙarfin numfashin mara lafiya.

Inhalation da bronchodilators

Bronchospasm ana bi da su tare da bronchodilator, wanda aka shayar da kwayoyi. Wadanda idan za su haɗa kansu ga tsokoki da ke kewaye da bronchi don shakatawa su. Saboda haka an rage matsin lamba, wanda ya sa ya yiwu a kauce wa tashin hankali bronchospasms, amma kuma don rage bayyanar gamsai a cikin bronchi.

Mafi yawan amfani da bronchodilators sune anticholinergics da sauran beta2 adrenergic receptor stimulants.

Bronchotomy / Tracheotomy

A cikin lokuta masu tsanani, za mu iya yin maganin bronchospasm akai-akai ta hanyar yin tracheotomy (ko bronchotomy), budewar bronchus na tilastawa da tiyata.