Jijin azygos (azygos: daga Girkanci ma'anar "wanda ba ko da"), wanda kuma ake kira babban jijiya azygos, wata jijiya ce da ke cikin thorax.

Matsayi. Jijin azygos da rassansa suna a matakin yankin lumbar na sama, da kuma a matakin bangon kirji.

Structure. Jijin azygos shine babban jijiya na tsarin jijiya azygos. Na karshen ya kasu kashi biyu:

• wani madaidaicin sashi wanda ya ƙunshi jijiya azygos ko babban jijiya azygos;
• ɓangaren hagu wanda ya ƙunshi ƙananan azygos ko hemiazygous veins, wanda ya ƙunshi jijiyar hemiazygous, ko ƙananan jijiya na hemizygous, da maɗauran hemizygous vein, ko hemizygous vein na sama. (1) (2)

Tsarin azygos

Origin. Jijin azygos yana ɗaukar asalinsa a tsayin sararin samaniya na dama na 11, kuma daga tushe guda biyu:

• tushen da ya ƙunshi ƙungiyar haɗin gwiwa na dama mai hawan lumbar da kuma 12th intercostal vein na dama;
• tushen da aka kafa ko dai ta bayan saman vena cava na baya, ko kuma ta jijiyar koda ta dama.

hanyar. Jijin azygos yana tashi tare da gaban gaban jikin kashin baya. A matakin kashin bayan baya na huɗu, jijiyar azygos tana lanƙwasa kuma ta samar da baka don shiga mafi girma vena cava.

Branches. Jijiyar azygos tana da rassa da yawa waɗanda za su haɗu da ita yayin tafiyarta: jijiyoyi takwas na ƙarshe na dama na baya na intercostal, maɗaukakin jijiyar intercostal na dama, jijiyoyin bugun jini da jijiyoyin esophageal, da kuma jijiyoyin hemizygous guda biyu. (1) (2)

Hemizygous jijiya

Asalin Jijin hemizygous yana tasowa a tsayin sararin samaniya na hagu na 11, kuma daga tushe guda biyu:

• tushen da ke kunshe da haɗin gwiwar hagu na hawan lumbar da kuma 12th na hagu na intercostal;
• tushen da ya ƙunshi jijiya na hagu.

Hanya. Jijin hemizygous yana tafiya zuwa gefen hagu na kashin baya. Daga nan sai ta shiga jijiyar azygos a matakin 8th dorsal vertebra.

rassan. Jijiyar hemiazygous tana da rassan haɗin gwiwa waɗanda za su haɗu da ita yayin tafiya: 4 ko 5 na ƙarshe na hagu na intercostal veins. (1) (2)

Na'urorin haɗi na hemizygous

Origin. Jijin hemizygous na haɗin gwiwa yana magudana daga 5th zuwa 8th na hagu na baya na intercostal.

hanyar. Yana gangarowa a fuskar hagu na jikin kashin baya. Yana shiga jijiyar azygos a matakin 8th dorsal vertebra.

Branches. Tare da hanyar, rassan haɗin gwiwa suna haɗuwa da na'urorin haɗi na hemizygous: jijiyoyin bugun jini da veins na tsakiya na esophageal.1,2

Ana amfani da tsarin venous azygos don zubar da jini mai jiji, matalauta oxygen, daga baya, bangon kirji, da bangon ciki (1) (2).

Ciwon ciki. Har ila yau, ana kiransa venous thrombosis, wannan nau'in ilimin halitta yana daidai da samuwar gudan jini, ko thrombus, a cikin veins. Wannan cuta na iya haifar da yanayi daban-daban kamar rashin isasshen jini (3).

Rashin isasshen jini. Wannan yanayin yayi daidai da rashin aiki na cibiyar sadarwa ta venous. Lokacin da wannan ya faru a cikin tsarin jijiyar azygos, jinin jini yana da kyau sosai kuma zai iya tasiri ga dukan jini (3).

Kiwon lafiya. Dangane da cututtukan cututtukan da aka gano, ana iya ba da wasu magunguna kamar su magungunan kashe qwari, ko ma magungunan kashe qwari.

Thrombolyse. Wannan gwajin ya ƙunshi karya thrombi, ko ƙwanƙwasa jini, ta amfani da kwayoyi. Ana amfani da wannan magani a lokacin ciwon zuciya na zuciya.

Nazarin jiki. Na farko, ana yin gwajin asibiti don tantance alamun da mai haƙuri ya gane.

Gwajin hoton likita. Don tabbatarwa ko tabbatar da ganewar asali, ana iya yin duban dan tayi na Doppler ko CT scan.

Bayanin jijiya azygos. Bartolomeo Eustachi, masanin ilimin halittar jiki na Italiyanci kuma likita na karni na 16, ya bayyana yawancin sifofi da suka hada da jijiyoyin azygos. (4)