Contents
A matsayinka na mai mulki, mutane suna amfani da ƙayyadaddun ƙididdiga na ƙididdiga na Excel, kodayake akwai ayyuka da yawa waɗanda mutane ke mantawa da rashin adalci. Duk da haka, suna iya taimakawa sosai wajen magance matsaloli da yawa. Don sanin ayyukan lissafi, kuna buƙatar buɗe shafin "Formulas" kuma nemo abin "Math" a wurin. Za mu dubi wasu daga cikin waɗannan ayyuka saboda kowane nau'i mai yuwuwa a cikin Excel yana da nasa amfani mai amfani.
Ayyukan lissafi na lambobin bazuwar da yuwuwar haɗuwa
Waɗannan ayyuka ne waɗanda ke ba ku damar yin aiki tare da lambobin bazuwar. Dole ne in faɗi cewa babu ainihin lambobi bazuwar. Dukkansu ana samar dasu bisa ga wasu alamu. Duk da haka, don magance matsalolin da ake amfani da su, ko da janareta na lambobin bazuwar ba zai iya zama da amfani sosai. Ayyukan lissafin da ke haifar da lambobi bazu sun haɗa da TSAKANIN AL'AMARIN, SLCHIS, CHISLCOMB, GASKIYA. Bari mu dubi kowannensu dalla-dalla.
aiki TSAKANIN AL'AMARIN
Wannan yana ɗaya daga cikin abubuwan da aka fi amfani da su a cikin wannan rukuni. Yana haifar da lambar bazuwar da ta dace tsakanin ƙayyadaddun iyaka. Yana da mahimmanci a yi la'akari da cewa idan kewayon ya yi kunkuntar, lambobin na iya zama iri ɗaya. Ma'anar kalma mai sauqi ce: =RANDBETWEEN (ƙananan ƙima; ƙimar babba). Matsalolin da mai amfani ya wuce na iya zama lambobi biyu da sel waɗanda ke ɗauke da wasu lambobi. Shigar da dole ga kowace hujja.
Lamba na farko a cikin braket shine mafi ƙarancin lambar da ke ƙasa wanda janareta ba zai yi aiki ba. Dangane da haka, na biyu shine matsakaicin lamba. Bayan waɗannan ƙimar, Excel ba zai nemi lambar bazuwar ba. Hujjojin na iya zama iri ɗaya, amma a wannan yanayin za a samar da lamba ɗaya kawai.
Wannan lambar tana canzawa koyaushe. Duk lokacin da aka gyara takardar, ƙimar ta bambanta.
aiki SLCHIS
Wannan aikin yana haifar da ƙimar bazuwar, iyakokin wanda aka saita ta atomatik a matakin 0 da 1. Kuna iya amfani da dabaru da yawa ta amfani da wannan aikin, da kuma amfani da aiki ɗaya sau da yawa. A wannan yanayin, ba za a yi gyare-gyaren karatun ba.
Ba kwa buƙatar wuce kowane ƙarin sigogi zuwa wannan aikin. Saboda haka, tsarinsa yana da sauƙi kamar yadda zai yiwu: =SUM(). Hakanan yana yiwuwa a dawo da ƙimar bazuwar juzu'i. Don yin wannan, kuna buƙatar amfani da aikin SLCHIS. Tsarin tsari zai kasance: =RAND()*(mafi girman iyaka-min iyaka)+ iyakacin min.
Idan kun ƙaddamar da dabara zuwa duk sel, to zaku iya saita kowane adadin lambobi bazuwar. Don yin wannan, dole ne ka yi amfani da alamar cikawa ta atomatik (square a cikin ƙananan kusurwar hagu na tantanin halitta da aka zaɓa).
aiki NUMBERCOMB
Wannan aikin yana cikin irin wannan reshe na lissafi a matsayin combinatorics. Yana ƙayyade adadin haɗuwa na musamman don takamaiman adadin abubuwa a cikin samfurin. Ana amfani da shi sosai, alal misali, a cikin bincike na ƙididdiga a cikin ilimin zamantakewa. Ma'anar aikin shine kamar haka: = NUMBERCOMB(girman saita, adadin abubuwa). Bari mu kalli waɗannan hujjoji dalla-dalla:
- Girman saiti shine jimlar adadin abubuwa a cikin samfurin. Yana iya zama adadin mutane, kaya, da sauransu.
- Adadin abubuwa. Wannan siga tana nuna hanyar haɗi ko lamba da ke nuna jimillar adadin abubuwan da ya kamata su haifar. Babban abin da ake buƙata don ƙimar wannan hujja shine cewa dole ne koyaushe ya kasance ƙasa da na baya.
Ana buƙatar shigar da duk gardama. Daga cikin wasu abubuwa, dole ne duk su kasance masu kyau a cikin yanayin. Bari mu dauki karamin misali. Bari mu ce muna da abubuwa 4 - ABCD. Ayyukan shine kamar haka: don zaɓar haɗuwa ta yadda lambobin ba za su maimaita ba. Duk da haka, ba a la'akari da wurin da suke ba. Wato shirin ba zai damu ba idan haɗin AB ne ko BA.
Yanzu bari mu shigar da dabarar da muke buƙatar samun waɗannan haɗuwa: = LAMBA (4). A sakamakon haka, 6 yiwu haduwa za a nuna, kunshi daban-daban dabi'u.
Aikin INVOICE
A cikin ilimin lissafi, akwai irin wannan abu mai mahimmanci. Wannan ƙimar tana nufin lambar da aka samu ta hanyar ninka duk lambobi na halitta har zuwa wannan lamba. Alal misali, ma'auni na lamba 3 zai zama lamba 6, kuma ma'auni na lamba 6 zai zama lamba 720. Ana nuna ma'auni ta hanyar faɗakarwa. Kuma amfani da aikin GASKIYA ya zama mai yiwuwa a sami factorial. Tsarin tsari: = GASKIYA (lamba). Factorial yayi dace da adadin yuwuwar haɗuwa da ƙima a cikin saitin. Misali, idan muna da abubuwa uku, to, matsakaicin adadin haɗuwa a cikin wannan yanayin zai zama 6.
Ayyukan canza lamba
Canza lambobi shine aikin wasu ayyuka tare da su waɗanda basu da alaƙa da lissafi. Misali, juya lamba zuwa Roman, mayar da tsarin sa. Ana aiwatar da waɗannan fasalulluka ta amfani da ayyuka ABS da ROMA. Bari mu duba su dalla-dalla.
ABS aiki
Muna tunatar da ku cewa modules shine nisa zuwa sifili akan axis daidaitawa. Idan ka yi tunanin layi a kwance tare da lambobi masu alama akan shi a cikin haɓaka na 1, to, za ka iya ganin cewa daga lamba 5 zuwa sifili kuma daga lamba -5 zuwa sifili za a sami adadin sel iri ɗaya. Wannan nisa ana kiransa modules. Kamar yadda muke iya gani, ma'auni na -5 shine 5, tunda yana ɗaukar sel 5 don wucewa zuwa sifili.
Don samun modules na lamba, kuna buƙatar amfani da aikin ABS. Tsarinsa yana da sauqi qwarai. Ya isa ya rubuta lamba a cikin maƙallan, bayan haka za a dawo da ƙimar. Ma'anar kalma ita ce: = ABS (lambar). Idan kun shigar da dabara = ABS (-4), to sakamakon wadannan ayyuka zai zama 4.
Ayyukan ROMA
Wannan aikin yana canza lamba a tsarin Larabci zuwa Roman. Wannan dabarar tana da dalilai guda biyu. Na farko wajibi ne, kuma za a iya barin na biyu:
- Lamba. Wannan lamba ce kai tsaye, ko nuni ga tantanin halitta mai ɗauke da ƙima a wannan siga. Muhimmin abin da ake buƙata shine wannan siga dole ne ya fi sifili. Idan lambar ta ƙunshi lambobi bayan maki goma, to bayan jujjuya shi zuwa tsarin Roman, ɓangaren juzu'i yana yanke kawai.
- Tsarin Ba a buƙatar wannan hujja. Yana ƙayyade tsarin gabatarwa. Kowane lamba yayi daidai da takamaiman bayyanar lambar. Akwai yuwuwar zaɓuɓɓuka da yawa waɗanda za a iya amfani da su azaman wannan hujja:
- 0. A wannan yanayin, ana nuna ƙimar a cikin nau'in sa na gargajiya.
- 1-3 - nau'ikan nunin lambobi daban-daban na Roman.
- 4. Hanya mara nauyi don nuna lambobin Roman.
- Gaskiya Da Karya. A halin da ake ciki na farko, an gabatar da lambar a daidaitattun tsari, kuma a cikin na biyu - sauƙaƙa.
SUBTOTAL aiki
Wannan aiki ne mai rikitarwa wanda ke ba ku ikon taƙaita taƙaitaccen jimla bisa ƙimar da aka wuce zuwa gare shi azaman mahawara. Kuna iya ƙirƙirar wannan aikin ta hanyar daidaitaccen aikin Excel, kuma yana yiwuwa a yi amfani da shi da hannu.
Wannan aiki ne mai wahala don amfani, don haka muna buƙatar magana game da shi daban. Ma'anar wannan aikin shine:
- Lambar fasali. Wannan hujja lamba ce tsakanin 1 da 11. Wannan lambar tana nuna wane aiki za a yi amfani da shi don taƙaita kewayon da aka ƙayyade. Misali, idan muna buƙatar ƙara lambobi, to muna buƙatar saka lamba 9 ko 109 a matsayin siga na farko.
- Link 1. Wannan ma siga ce da ake buƙata wanda ke ba da hanyar haɗi zuwa kewayon da aka yi la'akari da shi don taƙaitawa. A matsayinka na mai mulki, mutane suna amfani da kewayo ɗaya kawai.
- Link 2, 3… Na gaba ya zo da takamaiman adadin hanyoyin haɗi zuwa kewayon.
Matsakaicin adadin mahawara da wannan aikin zai iya ƙunsa shine 30 (lambar aiki + 29 nassoshi).
Muhimmin bayanin kula! An yi watsi da jimlar gida. Wato, idan an riga an yi amfani da aikin a wani yanki SUBTOTALS, shirin yayi watsi da shi.
Hakanan lura cewa yin amfani da wannan aikin zuwa jimlar bayanai a kwance ba a ba da shawarar ba saboda ba a tsara shi don hakan ba. A wannan yanayin, sakamakon zai iya zama kuskure. Aiki SUBTOTALS sau da yawa a hade tare da autofilter. A ce muna da irin wannan bayanan.
Bari mu yi ƙoƙari mu yi amfani da tacewa ta atomatik zuwa gare shi kuma zaɓi sel kawai masu alama a matsayin “Product1”. Na gaba, mun saita aikin don ƙayyade amfani da aikin SUBTOTALS jimlar waɗannan kaya. Anan muna buƙatar yin amfani da lamba 9 kamar yadda aka nuna a hoton allo.
Bugu da ari, aikin yana zaɓar waɗancan layuka ta atomatik waɗanda ba a haɗa su cikin sakamakon tacewa ba kuma baya haɗa su cikin lissafin. Wannan yana ba ku ƙarin zaɓuɓɓuka masu yawa. Af, akwai ginanniyar aikin Excel mai suna Subtotals. Menene bambanci tsakanin waɗannan kayan aikin? Gaskiyar ita ce aikin yana cire ta atomatik daga zaɓin duk layuka waɗanda ba a nuna su a halin yanzu. Wannan baya la'akari da lambar lambar aiki.
Af, wannan kayan aiki yana ba ku damar yin abubuwa da yawa, kuma ba kawai ƙayyade adadin ƙimar ba. Anan akwai jerin lambobi tare da ayyuka waɗanda ake amfani da su don taƙaita taƙaitaccen jimla.
1 – ZUCIYA;
2 - COUNT;
3 – SCHÖTZ;
4 - MAX;
MINTI 5;
6 - KYAUTA;
7 - STDEV;
8 - STANDOTKLONP;
9 - SUM;
10 - DISP;
11- KASA.
Hakanan zaka iya ƙara 100 zuwa waɗannan lambobin kuma ayyukan zasu kasance iri ɗaya. Amma akwai bambanci daya. Bambance-bambancen shi ne, a cikin shari'ar farko, ba za a yi la'akari da ɓoyayyun ƙwayoyin cuta ba, yayin da a cikin akwati na biyu za su kasance.
Sauran ayyukan lissafi
Lissafi wani hadadden kimiyya ne wanda ya hada da dabaru da yawa don ayyuka iri-iri. Excel ya ƙunshi kusan komai. Mu duba guda uku ne kawai: SIGN, Pi, PRODUCT.
Aikin SIGN
Tare da wannan aikin, mai amfani zai iya ƙayyade ko lambar tana da inganci ko mara kyau. Ana iya amfani da shi, alal misali, haɗa abokan ciniki cikin waɗanda ke da basussuka a banki da waɗanda ba su karɓi lamuni ko biya ba a yanzu.
Haɗin aikin shine kamar haka: = SIGN (lamba). Muna ganin cewa hujja guda daya ce kawai, shigar da ita wajibi ne. Bayan duba lambar, aikin zai dawo da ƙimar -1, 0, ko 1, dangane da wace alamar ta. Idan lambar ta zama mara kyau, to zai zama -1, kuma idan yana da kyau - 1. Idan aka kama sifili a matsayin hujja, to sai a mayar da shi. Ana amfani da aikin tare da aikin IF ko a kowane irin yanayi mai kama da haka lokacin da kuke buƙatar duba lambar.
aiki Pi
Lambar PI ita ce sanannen mathematics akai-akai, wanda yayi daidai da 3,14159… Ta amfani da wannan aikin, zaku iya samun sigar wannan lambar zuwa wurare 14 na decimal. Ba shi da gardama kuma yana da ma'ana mai zuwa: = PI().
aiki PRODUCT
Aiki mai kama da manufa zuwa SUM, kawai yana ƙididdige samfurin duk lambobin da aka aika zuwa gare shi azaman muhawara. Kuna iya ƙididdige lambobi har zuwa 255 ko jeri. Yana da mahimmanci a yi la'akari da cewa aikin ba ya la'akari da rubutu, ma'ana da duk wasu dabi'u waɗanda ba a yi amfani da su a cikin ayyukan lissafi ba. Idan ana amfani da ƙimar boolean azaman hujja, to ƙimar GASKIYA yayi daidai da ɗaya, da ƙimar KARYA - sifili. Amma yana da mahimmanci a fahimci cewa idan akwai darajar boolean a cikin kewayon, to sakamakon zai zama kuskure. Ma'anar dabarar ita ce kamar haka: = PRODUCT (lamba 1; lamba 2…).
Mun ga cewa an ba da lambobi a nan an raba su da wani ɗan ƙaramin yanki. Dalilin da ake buƙata shine ɗaya - lambar farko. A ka'ida, ba za ku iya amfani da wannan aikin tare da ƙaramin adadin ƙima ba. Sannan kuna buƙatar ci gaba da ninka duk lambobi da sel. Amma idan akwai da yawa daga cikinsu, to a cikin manual yanayin zai dauki quite mai yawa lokaci. Don ajiye shi, akwai aiki PRODUCT.
Don haka, muna da babban adadin ayyuka waɗanda aka yi amfani da su da wuya, amma a lokaci guda suna iya zama da amfani mai kyau. Kar ka manta cewa waɗannan ayyuka za a iya haɗa su tare da juna. Sakamakon haka, kewayon yuwuwar da ke buɗewa yana faɗaɗa sosai.