Muna magana ne game da hernia lokacin da wani sashi na jiki ya bar ramin da ya ƙunshi shi, yana wucewa ta yanayin halitta.

Idan kana da wani hiatal hernia, ciki ne wanda ke haurawa ta wani ɗan ƙaramin buɗewa da ake kira "esophageal hiatus", wanda ke cikin diaphragm, tsokar numfashi da ke raba ramin thoracic daga ciki.

Yawanci hiatus yana ba da damar esophagus (= bututu wanda ke haɗa bakin zuwa ciki) ya ratsa taɓarɓarewa don kawo abinci zuwa ciki. Idan ya faɗaɗa, wannan buɗewa na iya ba da damar ɓangaren ciki ko gaba ɗaya ciki, ko ma wasu gabobin ciki, su fito.

Akwai manyan nau'ikan hernia guda biyu:

• La zamiya hernia ko buga I, wanda ke wakiltar kusan 85 zuwa 90% na lokuta.

  Sashin ciki na ciki, wanda shine mahaɗin tsakanin esophagus da ciki da ake kira "cardia", yana hawa cikin kirji, yana haifar da ƙonewa da ke da alaƙa da reflux gastroesophageal.

• La paraesophageal hernia ko mirgina ko buga II. Haɗin tsakanin esophagus da ciki yana ci gaba da kasancewa a ƙarƙashin diaphragm, amma babban ɓangaren ciki yana "birgima" kuma yana wucewa ta hanyar ɓarna na esophageal, yana yin irin aljihu. Wannan hernia yawanci baya haifar da wata alama, amma a wasu lokuta yana iya zama mai tsanani.

Har ila yau, akwai wasu nau'ikan hernia guda biyu, waɗanda ba su da yawa, waɗanda a zahiri bambance -bambancen hernia na paraesophageal:

• Nau'i na III ko gauraye, lokacin da zamewar zamewa da ɓarna na paraesophageal yayi daidai.
• Nau'i na IV, wanda yayi daidai da hernia na duk ciki wani lokacin yana tare da wasu viscera (hanji, hanji, hanji, pancreas…).

Nau'i na II, na III da na IV tare suna lissafin 10 zuwa 15% na lokuta na hiatus hernia.

Wanene ya shafi?

Dangane da karatu, 20 zuwa 60% na manya suna da hiatus hernia a wani lokaci a rayuwarsu. Yawan hirius hernias yana ƙaruwa da shekaru: suna shafar 10% na mutanen da ke ƙasa da 40 kuma har zuwa 70% na mutane sama da 60¹.

Koyaya, yana da wahala a sami daidaitaccen yaduwa saboda yawancin hiatus hernias asymptomatic (= kar ku haifar da alamu) sabili da haka ba a gano su ba.

Dalilin cutar

Ba a gano ainihin dalilan da ke haddasa ciwon hanta ba.

A wasu lokuta, hernia tana haifar da haihuwa, wato tana nan tun daga haihuwa. Hakan yana faruwa ne sanadiyyar ɓarkewar hiatus wanda ya yi yawa sosai, ko kuma gaba ɗaya diaphragm wanda ba a rufe shi da kyau.

Koyaya, mafi yawan waɗannan hernias suna bayyana yayin rayuwa kuma sun fi yawa a cikin tsofaffi. Yawan laushin da kaurin diaphragm da alama yana raguwa da tsufa, kuma hiatus yana daɗa faɗaɗa, yana barin ciki ya tashi cikin sauƙi. Bugu da ƙari, tsarin da ke haɗe da cardia (= mahaɗin gastroesophageal) zuwa diaphragm, kuma wanda ke ajiye ciki a ciki, shima yana lalacewa da shekaru.

Wasu abubuwan haɗari, kamar kiba ko ciki, kuma ana iya danganta su da hiatus hernia.

Course da yiwu rikitarwa

La zamiya hiatus hernia galibi yana haifar da ƙwannafi, amma galibi ba mai tsanani bane.

La mirgina hiatus hernia sau da yawa asymptomatic ne amma yana daɗa ƙaruwa cikin girma akan lokaci. Yana iya haɗawa da rikitarwa masu barazanar rayuwa, kamar:

• Matsalolin numfashi, idan hernia babba ce.
• Karamin ci gaba da zubar da jini wani lokacin yana kaiwa ga haifar da anemia daga rashin ƙarfe.
• Ciwon ciki (= volvulus na ciki) wanda ke haifar da ciwon tashin hankali kuma wani lokacin necrosis (= mutuwa) na ɓangaren hernia a cikin torsion, an hana iskar oxygen. Rufin ciki ko na esophagus kuma na iya tsagewa, yana haifar da zubar jini. Dole ne mu shiga tsakani cikin gaggawa kuma mu yiwa mai haƙuri aiki, wanda rayuwarsa na cikin haɗari.