Da farko, yana da daraja a ayyana yoga kanta. Idan akai la'akari da yawancin "haske" charlatans da annabawan ƙarya yanzu suna yawo a duniya, wasu mutane, musamman waɗanda ba su da masaniya game da ra'ayoyin falsafa na Asiya, suna da ra'ayi mara kyau na uXNUMXbuXNUMXbthis al'ada. Ya faru cewa tsakanin yoga da sectarianism sanya alama daidai.
A cikin wannan labarin, yoga yana nufin, da farko, tsarin falsafa, aikin jiki da tunani wanda ke koya muku sarrafa hankali da jiki, waƙa da sarrafa motsin rai, kuma yana sauƙaƙa magudanar jiki da tunani. Idan muka yi la'akari da yoga a cikin wannan jijiya, dogara ga tsarin ilimin halittar jiki da ke faruwa a cikin jiki lokacin yin wani asana na musamman, to tambaya ta bangaranci ko daukaka addini za ta ɓace da kanta.
1. Shin yoga yana ba da damar cin ganyayyaki?
A cewar majiyoyin farko na Hindu, kin amincewa da samfuran tashin hankali shawara ce ta yanayi. Ba duk Indiyawan a yau ba masu cin ganyayyaki ba ne. Bugu da ƙari, ba duk yogis ne masu cin ganyayyaki ba. Ya danganta da irin al’adar da mutum yake yi da kuma wace manufa ya kafa wa kansa.
Sau da yawa mutum yakan ji ta bakin mutanen da suka dade a Indiya cewa yawancin mazauna cikinta suna bin salon cin ganyayyaki, saboda talauci fiye da dalilai na addini. Lokacin da ɗan Indiya ya sami ƙarin kuɗi, yana iya samun nama da barasa.
"Indiyawa gabaɗaya mutane ne masu amfani sosai," in ji malamin hatha yoga Vladimir Chursin. - Saniya a addinin Hindu dabba ce mai tsarki, mai yiwuwa saboda tana ciyarwa da shayarwa. Dangane da aikin yoga, yana da mahimmanci kada a keta ka'idar rashin tashin hankali dangane da kai. Sha'awar barin nama yakamata ya zo da kanta. Ban zama mai cin ganyayyaki ba nan da nan, kuma ya zo bisa ga dabi'a. Ban ko kula shi ba, dangina sun lura.
Wani dalilin da yasa yogis basa cin nama da kifi shine kamar haka. A cikin addinin Hindu, akwai irin wannan abu kamar gunas - halaye (karfi) na yanayi. A taqaice dai, waxannan al’amura guda uku ne na kowane halitta, asalinsu shi ne qarfin tuqi, tsarin gina duniya. Akwai manyan gunas guda uku: sattva - tsabta, nuna gaskiya, nagarta; rajas - makamashi, ardor, motsi; da kuma tamas - inertia, inertia, dullness.
Dangane da wannan ra'ayi, ana iya raba abinci zuwa tamasic, rajasic da sattvic. Yanayin jahilci ya mamaye na farko kuma ana kiransa abinci na ƙasa. Wannan ya haɗa da nama, kifi, qwai, da duk abincin da ba su da kyau.
Abincin Rajasic yana cika jikin mutum tare da sha'awar sha'awa. Wannan shi ne abincin masu mulki da mayaka, da kuma masu neman jin dadin jiki: masu cin abinci, mazinata da sauran su. Wannan yawanci ya haɗa da kayan yaji, gishiri, dafaffen abinci, kyafaffen abinci, barasa, magunguna, da kuma duk jita-jita na asalin dabba daga nama, kifi, kaji.
Kuma, a ƙarshe, abinci na sattvic yana ba mutum kuzari, haɓakawa, cika da kyau, ya ba shi damar bin hanyar inganta kansa. Waɗannan duk ɗanyen abinci ne na shuka, 'ya'yan itatuwa, kayan marmari, ƙwaya, hatsi.
Yogi mai aiki yana neman zama a sattva. Don yin wannan, yana guje wa dabi'un jahilci da sha'awar komai, ciki har da abinci. Ta wannan hanyar ne kawai zai yiwu a cimma daidaito, don koyon bambanta tsakanin gaskiya da ƙarya. Don haka, duk wani abinci mai cin ganyayyaki yana da alaƙa da tsarkakewa.
2. Yogis masu cin ganyayyaki ne?
"A cikin rubutun yogic, ban ga wani ambaton cin ganyayyaki ba, sai dai don kwatancin matsananciyar ayyuka," in ji Alexei Sokolovsky, malamin hatha yoga, ɗan jaridar yoga, Reiki healer. “Alal misali, akwai alamun kai tsaye cewa yogis mafi kamala, waɗanda suke yin zuzzurfan tunani a cikin kogo, suna buƙatar wake guda uku ne kawai na barkono baƙi kowace rana. A cewar Ayurveda, wannan samfurin yana daidaitawa ta hanyar doshas (nau'ikan kuzarin rayuwa). Tun da jiki yana cikin wani nau'in raye-rayen da aka dakatar don sa'o'i 20, adadin kuzari, a zahiri, ba a buƙata. Wannan labari ne, ba shakka - Ni da kaina ban sadu da irin waɗannan mutane ba. Amma na tabbata babu hayaki idan babu wuta.
Amma ga kin amincewa da samfurori na cin zarafi da cin zarafi ga dabbobi, masu bin Jainism suna bin ka'idodin cin ganyayyaki (ba shakka, ba sa amfani da kalmar "vegan" don kansu, tun da cin ganyayyaki abu ne mai ban mamaki, da farko, Yammacin Turai da kuma Yammacin Turai. masu zaman kansu). Jains suna ƙoƙari kada su haifar da cutar da ba dole ba har ma da tsire-tsire: galibi suna cin 'ya'yan itatuwa, suna guje wa tubers da tushen, da kuma 'ya'yan itatuwa da ke ɗauke da iri da yawa (don iri shine tushen rayuwa).
3. Shin yogis sun sha madara kuma yogis suna cin kwai?
"An ba da shawarar madara a cikin Yoga Sutras a cikin babin abinci mai gina jiki," in ji Alexei Sokolovsky. – Kuma, a fili, sabon madara ne ake nufi, kuma ba abin da ake sayarwa a cikin shaguna a cikin kwali ba. Ya fi magani fiye da guba. Tare da ƙwai, yana da ɗan rikitarwa, tun da yake a ƙauyen suna da rai, sun hadu, sabili da haka, wannan jariri ne ko amfrayo kaza. Akwai irin wannan kwai - don shiga cikin kisan gillar jariri. Don haka, yogis suna guje wa ƙwai. Malamai na daga Indiya, Smriti Chakravarty da guru Yogiraj Rakesh Pandey, dukansu masu cin ganyayyaki ne amma ba masu cin ganyayyaki ba. Suna cinye madara, kayan kiwo, man shanu, musamman sau da yawa ghee.
A cewar malaman, yogis na bukatar shan madara domin jiki ya samar da adadin gabobin da ya dace, wanda ya zama dole don aiki na yau da kullun na tsokoki, ligaments da haɗin gwiwa. Vegan yogis na iya maye gurbin madara tare da shinkafa, saboda yana da irin abubuwan astringent.
4. Shin mutane da dabbobi daidai suke, kuma dabba tana da rai?
Yevgeny Avtandilyan, malami mai koyar da yoga kuma farfesa a Jami’ar Jihar Moscow ya ce: “Ka tambayi dabbobin, musamman lokacin da aka tura su wurin yanka. – Lokacin da aka tambayi wani guru dan kasar Indiya wanda yake addu’a a cikin addu’arsa: don mutane kawai ko na dabbobi ma, ya amsa wannan ga dukkan mai rai.
A mahangar Hindu, dukkan halittu, wato dukkan halittu, daya ne. Babu makoma mai kyau ko mara kyau. Ko da an yi sa'ar haihuwa a jikin mutum, ba saniya ba, komai na iya canzawa a kowane lokaci.
Wani lokaci yana yi mana wuya mu fahimci abin da ke faruwa a duniya sa’ad da muka ga wahala. Dangane da wannan, koyo don tausayawa, bambance gaskiya, yayin da ɗaukar matsayin mai kallo shine babban abu ga yogi.
5. To me ya sa yogis ba masu cin ganyayyaki ba ne?
Alexei Sokolovsky ya ce: "Ina ganin yogis gabaɗaya ba sa son bin ƙa'idodi, har ma da waɗanda yogis suka kafa da kansu." Kuma matsalar ba ita ce mummuna ko nagari ba. Idan kun yi amfani da ƙa'idodin ba tare da tunani ba, ba tare da bincika ƙwarewar ku ba, babu makawa sun zama akida. Duk ra'ayoyi kan batun karma, ingantaccen abinci mai gina jiki da bangaskiya sun kasance ra'ayoyi, babu ƙari, idan mutum bai taɓa samun su da kansa ba. Abin takaici, ba za mu iya tsarkake karma ta hanyoyi masu sauƙi ba, domin ko da mun cinye kayan lambu, muna lalata miliyoyin halittu a kowane dakika - kwayoyin cuta, ƙwayoyin cuta, ƙwayoyin cuta, kwari, da sauransu.
Don haka, abin tambaya ba shine a yi wani lahani ba, kodayake wannan shine tsarin mulkin Yama na farko, amma don samun ilimin kai. Kuma ba tare da shi ba, duk sauran dokoki ba su da amfani kuma ba su da amfani. Aiwatar da su da dora su a kan wasu mutane, sai mutum ya kara rudewa. Amma, watakila, wannan mataki ne na samuwa ga wasu. A farkon aiwatar da tsarkakewa na sani, kin amincewa da samfurori na tashin hankali ya zama dole.
Don takaitawa
Akwai makarantu da al'adu da yawa a yoga a yau. Kowannen su zai iya ba da wasu shawarwari game da abinci wanda zai iya kuma ba za a iya cinye shi ba. Yana da mahimmanci a fahimci cewa babu iyaka ga kamalar ruhi da ɗabi'a. Ya isa a tuna cewa ban da cin ganyayyaki, akwai mafi koshin lafiya kuma mafi kyawun muhalli da ɗanyen abinci da 'ya'yan itace, kuma, a ƙarshe, cin abinci na prano. Wataƙila bai kamata mu tsaya a nan ba, ba tare da yin wata ƙungiya daga ayyukanmu da ra’ayoyinmu na duniya ba? Bayan haka, bisa ga ra'ayin Hindu, dukanmu barbashi ne na gaba ɗaya. Complex, kyakkyawa kuma mara iyaka.