Menene dala na yau da kullun: ma'anar, iri, kaddarorin

A cikin wannan ɗaba'ar, za mu yi la'akari da ma'anar, nau'o'in (triangular, quadrangular, hexagonal) da kuma mahimman kaddarorin dala na yau da kullum. Bayanin da aka gabatar yana tare da zane-zane na gani don kyakkyawar fahimta.

Ma'anar dala na yau da kullun

Dala na yau da kullun - wannan, tushen wanda shine polygon na yau da kullum, kuma saman adadi yana nunawa a tsakiyar tushe.

Mafi yawan nau'ikan pyramids na yau da kullun sune triangular, quadrangular da hexagonal. Bari mu yi la'akari da su dalla-dalla.

Nau'in dala na yau da kullun

Dala triangular na yau da kullun

• Tushe – triangle dama/daidaitacce ABC
• Fuskokin gefe iri ɗaya ne na isosceles triangles: Dogarin, BDC и ADB.
• Ra'ayin bakin D a bisa – aya O, wanda shine mahadar tsaunuka/matsakaici/bisector na triangle ABC.
• DO shine tsayin dala.
• DL и DM - apothemes, watau tsayin fuskokin gefe (triangles isosceles). Akwai guda uku a jimlace (daya ga kowace fuska), amma hoton da ke sama ya nuna guda biyu don kada a yi kisa.
• ⦟DAM = ⦟ DBL = a (kusurwoyi tsakanin haƙarƙari na gefe da tushe).
• ⦟DLB = ⦟DMA = b (kusurwoyi tsakanin fuskokin gefe da jirgin tushe).
• Ga irin wannan dala, alaƙa mai zuwa gaskiya ce:

  AO:OM = 2:1 or BO:OL = 2:1.

lura: idan dala na triangular na yau da kullun yana da dukkan gefuna daidai, ana kuma kiransa daidai .

Dala huɗu na yau da kullun

• Tushen na yau da kullun ne ABCD, a wasu kalmomi, murabba'i.
• Fuskokin gefe daidai suke da triangles isosceles: Babban Sharuɗɗan Saye, BEC, CED и AED.
• Ra'ayin bakin E a bisa – aya O, ita ce madaidaicin madaidaicin diagonal na murabba'in ABCD.
• EO - tsayin adadi.
• EN и EM - apothemes (akwai 4 a duka, biyu ne kawai aka nuna a cikin adadi a matsayin misali).
• Madaidaicin kusurwoyi tsakanin gefuna/fuskoki da tushe ana nuna su ta haruffa masu dacewa (a и b).

Dala hexagonal na yau da kullun

• Tushen hexagon ne na yau da kullun ABCDEF.
• Fuskokin gefe daidai suke da triangles isosceles: AGB, BGC, CGD, DGE, EGF и FGA.
• Ra'ayin bakin G a bisa – aya O, ita ce hanyar haɗin kai na diagonals/bisector na hexagon ABCDEF.
• GO shine tsayin dala.
• GN - apothem (ya kamata a kasance shida a duka).

Abubuwan dala na yau da kullun

1. Duk gefuna na gefen adadi daidai suke. Ma'ana, saman dala yana da nisa ɗaya daga kowane kusurwoyi na tushe.
2. Matsakaicin tsakanin duk haƙarƙari na gefe da tushe ɗaya ne.
3. Duk fuskoki suna karkata zuwa tushe a kusurwa ɗaya.
4. Yankunan duk fuskokin gefe daidai suke.
5. Dukan ayoyin daidai suke.
6. Za'a iya kwatanta kewaye da dala, tsakiyar wanda zai zama tsaka-tsakin tsaka-tsakin tsaka-tsakin da aka zana zuwa tsakiyar gefen gefuna.
7. Za'a iya rubuta wani yanki a cikin dala, wanda tsakiyarsa zai zama tsaka-tsakin tsaka-tsakin bisectors, wanda ya samo asali a cikin sasanninta tsakanin gefuna na gefe da tushe na adadi.

lura: Formules don ganowa, da dala, ana gabatar da su a cikin wallafe-wallafe daban-daban.