Jijiyoyin huhu suna taka muhimmiyar rawa: suna ɗaukar jini daga ventricle na dama na zuciya zuwa lobes na huhu, inda aka sanya iskar oxygen. Bayan phlebitis, yana faruwa cewa gudan jini ya hau zuwa wannan jijiya da bakin: shi ne embolism na huhu.

Jijin huhu yana farawa daga ventricle na dama na zuciya. Daga nan sai ta taso kusa da gabobin ciki, ta isa kasa da baka, ta kasu kashi biyu: jijiyar huhu ta dama wadda ke zuwa huhun dama, da kuma ta hagu zuwa huhun hagu.

A matakin hawan kowane huhu, arteries na huhu ya sake rarraba zuwa abin da ake kira arteries lobar:

• a cikin rassa guda uku don maganin huhu na dama;
• a cikin rassa biyu don jijiya na huhu na hagu.

Waɗannan rassan bi da bi suna rarrabu zuwa ƙananan rassa da ƙanana, har sai sun zama capillaries na lobule na huhu.

Jijiyoyin huhu manyan arteries ne. Sashin farko na jijiyar huhu, ko gangar jikin, yana auna kusan 5 cm zuwa 3,5 cm a diamita. Jijin huhu na dama yana da tsayin 5 zuwa 6 cm, sabanin 3 cm ga jijiyoyin huhu na hagu.

Aikin jijiya na huhu shine kawo jinin da ake fitarwa daga ventricle na dama na zuciya zuwa huhu. Wannan jinin da ake kira venous jini, wato wanda ba shi da iskar oxygen, sai ya zama iskar oxygen a cikin huhu.

Kwayar cutar sankara a cikin ƙwayar cuta

Zurfafa thrombosis (DVT) da embolism na huhu (PE) sune bayyanar cututtuka guda biyu na mahalli guda, cututtukan thromboembolic venous (VTE).

Ciwon huhu yana nufin toshewar jijiyar huhu ta hanyar daskarewar jini da aka samu a lokacin phlebitis ko thrombosis mai jijiya, galibi a cikin kafafu. Wannan gudan jini yana karye, yana tafiya har zuwa zuciya ta hanyar jini, sannan a fitar da shi daga ventricle na dama zuwa daya daga cikin arteries na huhu wanda ya ƙare yana toshewa. Sashin huhu ya daina iskar oxygen da kyau. Ciwon guda yana haifar da madaidaicin zuciya da karfi, wanda zai iya haifar da ventricle na dama ya fadada.

huhu embolism bayyana kanta a daban-daban fiye ko žasa m bayyanar cututtuka dangane da tsanani da tsanani: kirji zafi a daya gefen ƙara a kan wahayi, wahala a numfashi, wani lokacin tari da sputum da jini, kuma a cikin mafi tsanani lokuta, low zuciya fitarwa, arterial hypotension, yanayin firgita, har ma da kama bugun jini na zuciya.

Hawan jini na huhu (ko PAH)

Wata cuta da ba kasafai ba, hauhawar jini na huhu (PAH) tana da yanayin hawan jini da ba daidai ba a cikin ƙananan jijiyoyin huhu, saboda kauri na rufin jijiyoyin huhu. Don rama raguwar kwararar jini, ventricle na dama na zuciya dole ne yayi ƙarin ƙoƙari. Lokacin da ba a ci nasara ba, rashin jin daɗi na numfashi akan aiki yana bayyana. A matakin ci gaba, mai haƙuri na iya haɓaka gazawar zuciya.

Wannan cuta na iya faruwa a lokaci-lokaci (idiopathic PAH), a cikin mahallin iyali (PAH na iyali) ko kuma ta dagula tsarin wasu cututtukan (cututtukan zuciya, hauhawar jini na portal, kamuwa da cutar HIV).

Cutar hawan jini na huhu na huhu (HTPTEC)

Wani nau'i ne na hauhawar jini na huhu wanda ba kasafai ba, wanda zai iya faruwa a sakamakon rashin maganin kumburin huhu. Sakamakon daskarewar da ke toshe jijiyar huhu, jini yana raguwa, wanda ke kara hawan jini a cikin jijiya. HPPTEC yana nunawa ta hanyoyi daban-daban, wanda zai iya bayyana tsakanin watanni 6 da shekaru 2 bayan ciwon huhu na huhu: rashin ƙarfi na numfashi, suma, edema a cikin gabobin, tari tare da zubar da jini, gajiya, ciwon kirji.

Magani na huhu embolism

Gudanar da ciwon huhu na huhu ya dogara da girmansa. Maganin ciwon huhu yakan wadatar don cutar kumburin huhu. Yana dogara ne akan allurar heparin na tsawon kwanaki goma, sannan kuma shan magungunan rigakafi na baka kai tsaye. Idan akwai haɗarin haɗari na huhu na huhu (girgiza da / ko hypotension), ana yin allurar heparin tare da thrombolysis (alurar rigakafi ta jijiya da za ta narkar da jini) ko, idan na ƙarshe ya kasance contraindicated , tiyata ta huhu embolectomy. da sauri maida huhu.

Maganin hauhawar jini na huhu

Duk da ci gaban warkewa, babu magani ga PAH. Ana gudanar da kulawar multidisciplinary ta ɗaya daga cikin cibiyoyin ƙwarewa 22 da aka sani don kula da wannan cuta a Faransa. Ya dogara ne akan nau'ikan jiyya (musamman ci gaba da jijiya), ilimin warkewa da daidaita salon rayuwa.

Maganin hauhawar jini na huhu na thromboembolic na yau da kullun

Ana yin aikin tiyata na huhu endarterectomy. Wannan shisshigi yana nufin cire kayan thrombotic na fibrotic da ke toshe arteries na huhu. Hakanan ana ba da maganin rigakafin jijiyoyi, galibi don rayuwa.

Sakamakon ganewar ƙwayar cuta na huhu ya dogara ne akan cikakken binciken asibiti, musamman, don alamun phlebitis, alamun da ke goyon bayan mummunan ciwon huhu (ƙananan jini na systolic da bugun zuciya). Ana gudanar da gwaje-gwaje daban-daban bisa ga jarrabawar asibiti don tabbatar da ganewar asali da kuma tantance tsananin ciwon huhu idan ya cancanta: gwajin jini don D-dimers (kasancewar su yana nuna kasancewar jini, iskar gas na jini. CT. Angiography na huhu shine ma'auni na zinariya don gano thrombosis na arterial. tasiri akan aiki na huhu, duban dan tayi na ƙananan gaɓɓai don neman phlebitis.

Idan akwai tuhuma game da hauhawar jini na huhu, ana yin na'urar duban dan tayi na zuciya don haskaka hawan jini na huhu da wasu cututtuka na zuciya. Haɗe tare da Doppler, yana ba da hangen nesa na wurare dabam dabam na jini. Catheterization na zuciya zai iya tabbatar da ganewar asali. Ana yin amfani da dogon catheter da aka shigar a cikin jijiya sannan zuwa zuciya sannan zuwa ga arteries na huhu, yana ba da damar auna karfin jini a matakin bugun zuciya, bugun jini na huhu da kuma kwararar jini.

Cutar hawan jini na huhu na huhu na huhu yana da wuya a wasu lokuta don ganowa saboda rashin daidaiton alamunsa. Sakamakonsa yana dogara ne akan gwaje-gwaje daban-daban: echocardiography don farawa tare da scintigraphy na huhu sannan kuma a ƙarshe daidaitaccen catheterization na zuciya da kuma angiography na huhu.