PMA (haihuwa da taimakon likitanci) ko AMP (haihuwa masu taimakon likitanci) na nufin duk dabarun da ake amfani da su don haifuwa a cikin sashin dakin gwaje-gwaje na hanyoyin halitta na hadi da farkon ci gaban amfrayo. Suna ba da damar ramawa rashin haihuwa da likitanci ya kafa ko don hana yaduwar wasu cututtuka masu tsanani.

Mataki na farko a cikin tsarin haifuwa da aka taimaka shine aiwatar da kimantawar rashin haihuwa don gano yuwuwar dalilin (s) na rashin haihuwa a cikin maza da / ko mata.

A matakin ma'aurata, gwajin Hühner (ko gwajin bayan-coital) shine ainihin jarrabawar. Ya ƙunshi shan ƙwayar mahaifa sa'o'i 6 zuwa 12 bayan jima'i a lokacin ovulation da kuma yin nazari don tabbatar da ingancinsa.

A cikin mata, ainihin kima ya haɗa da:

• yanayin zafin jiki don nazarin tsawon lokaci da daidaituwa na sake zagayowar da kuma kasancewar ovulation
• gwajin gwaji na asibiti don gano duk wani rashin daidaituwa na sashin al'aurar
• kimantawar hormonal ta gwajin jini don tantance ingancin kwai
• gwajin hoto na likita don lura da al'aura daban-daban ( mahaifa, tubes, ovaries). Duban dan tayi shine gwajin layin farko, amma ana iya ƙara shi da wasu dabaru (MRI, laparoscopy, hysteroscopy, hysterosalpingography, hysterosonography) don ƙarin bincike mai zurfi.
• jarrabawar asibiti don gano kasancewar varicocele, cysts, nodules da sauran abubuwan da ba su da kyau a kan tashoshi daban-daban.
• nazarin maniyyi: spermogram (nazarin lamba, motsi da bayyanar maniyyi), al'adun maniyyi (neman kamuwa da cuta) da kuma gudun hijirar maniyyi da gwajin rayuwa.

Ana iya yin wasu gwaje-gwaje kamar karyotype ko biopsy endometrial a wasu yanayi.

A cikin maza, ƙimar rashin haihuwa ya haɗa da:

 Dangane da sakamakon, ana iya ba da wasu gwaje-gwaje: gwaje-gwaje na hormone, duban dan tayi, karyotype, gwajin kwayoyin halitta. 

Dangane da dalilin (s) na rashin haihuwa da aka samu, za a ba da dabarun haifuwa daban-daban ga ma'aurata:

• Sauƙaƙan kuzarin kwai don haifar da mafi ingancin kwai
• Haɗuwa da maniyyin abokin tarayya (COI) ya ƙunshi allurar da aka shirya a baya a cikin rami na mahaifa a ranar ovulation. Sau da yawa ana gaba da shi ta hanyar motsa jiki don samun ingancin oocytes. Ana ba da shi a cikin lokuta na rashin haihuwa wanda ba a bayyana ba, gazawar motsa jiki na ovarian, hadarin kamuwa da cuta, rashin haihuwa na mahaifa-ovulatory mace ko matsakaicin rashin haihuwa na namiji.
• in vitro hadi (IVF) ya ƙunshi sake haifuwa da tsarin hadi a cikin bututun gwaji. Bayan motsa jiki na hormonal da farkon ovulation, an huda da yawa follicles. Ana shirya oocytes da spermatozoa a cikin dakin gwaje-gwaje sannan a sanya su a cikin tasa na al'ada. Idan an yi nasara, embryo ɗaya zuwa biyu ana tura su zuwa mahaifa. Ana ba da IVF a lokuta na rashin haihuwa wanda ba a bayyana ba, rashin haihuwa, gauraye rashin haihuwa, ci gaban shekarun haihuwa, toshe tubes na mahaifa, rashin daidaituwa na maniyyi.
• ICSI (intracytoplasmic allura) wani nau'in IVF ne. Ana tilasta hadi a can: an cire kambi na sel da ke kewaye da oocyte don a shigar da maniyyi da aka zaɓa kai tsaye a cikin cytoplasm na kwai. Ana sanya ƙananan ƙwayoyin oocytes masu allura a cikin tasa na al'ada. Ana ba da wannan fasaha a lokuta masu tsanani na rashin haihuwa na maza.

Ana iya yin waɗannan dabaru daban-daban tare da gudummawar gametes.

• Za a iya ba da gudummawar maniyyi a cikin yanayin rashin haifuwar namiji na ainihi a cikin mahallin insemination na wucin gadi tare da maniyyi mai bayarwa (IAD), IVF ko ICSI.
• Ana iya ba da gudummawar oocyte a yayin da ya faru na gazawar ovarian, rashin daidaituwa a cikin inganci ko adadin oocytes ko haɗarin yada cututtuka. Yana buƙatar IVF.
• liyafar amfrayo ta ƙunshi canja wurin embryo ɗaya ko fiye daskararre daga ma'aurata waɗanda ba su da aikin iyaye, amma waɗanda ke son ba da tayin tasu. Ana iya la'akari da wannan gudummawar a cikin yanayin rashin haihuwa sau biyu ko haɗarin watsa kwayar cutar rashin haihuwa.

A Faransa, an tsara aikin haifuwa ta hanyar dokar bioethics n ° 2011-814 na Yuli 7, 2011 (1). Yana shimfida manyan ka'idoji masu zuwa:

• An keɓe AMP ga ma’auratan da suka haɗa da mace da namiji, waɗanda suka kai shekarun haihuwa, masu aure ko kuma su iya tabbatar da cewa sun zauna tare aƙalla shekaru biyu.
• gudummawar gamete ba a san suna ba kuma kyauta ce
• An haramta amfani da "mahaifiyar maye" ko gudummawar gamete biyu.

Inshorar lafiya tana ɗaukar haifuwa da aka taimaka a ƙarƙashin wasu sharuɗɗa:

• 
  mace dole ne ta kasance ƙasa da shekara 43;
• ɗaukar hoto yana iyakance ga 4 IVF da 6 inseminations. A cikin yanayin haihuwar yaro, ana sake saita wannan na'urar zuwa sifili.

A Quebec, Dokar Tarayya akan Haihuwa na 20042 ke aiwatar da taimakon haihuwa wanda ya tsara ka'idoji masu zuwa.

• ma'aurata marasa haihuwa, marasa aure, 'yan madigo, 'yan luwadi ko mutanen da ba su da haihuwa za su iya amfana daga taimakon haihuwa
• kyautar gamete kyauta ce kuma ba a san suna ba
• Ba a gane aikin maye ta kundin tsarin mulki ba. Wanda ya haihu kai tsaye ya zama mahaifiyar yaron kuma masu nema dole ne su bi tsarin tallafi don zama iyaye na doka.

Shirin Taimakawa Haihuwa na Quebec, wanda ya fara aiki a watan Agusta 2010, an gyara shi tun lokacin da aka amince da, a cikin 2015, na dokar kiwon lafiya da aka sani da Dokar 20. Wannan dokar ta kawo karshen damar samun damar yin amfani da shirin haihuwa kyauta kuma ta maye gurbinta. tare da tsarin kiredit na harajin iyali mai ƙarancin kuɗi. Ana samun damar samun kyauta a yanzu kawai lokacin da aka lalata haihuwa (misali bin chemotherapy) da kuma na wucin gadi.