Dalilin cutar
Necrosis shine dakatarwar da ba za a iya jurewa ba na mahimman ayyukan sel, kyallen takarda ko gabobin a cikin rayayyun kwayoyin halitta, wanda ke haifar da tasirin ƙwayoyin cuta. Dalilin necrosis na iya zama lalata nama ta hanyar inji, thermal, sunadarai, wakili mai cutarwa. Wannan al'amari yana faruwa ne saboda rashin lafiyan halayen, raunin ciki da zagayawa na jini. Tsananin necrosis ya dogara da yanayin gaba ɗaya na jiki da kuma abubuwan da ke cikin gida mara kyau.
Ci gaban necrosis yana sauƙaƙe ta hanyar kasancewar ƙwayoyin cuta, fungi, ƙwayoyin cuta. Har ila yau, sanyaya a cikin yankin da ke da cin zarafi na jini yana da mummunar tasiri, a cikin irin wannan yanayi, vasospasm yana ƙaruwa kuma yaduwar jini ya fi damuwa. Yawan zafin jiki mai yawa yana rinjayar karuwa a cikin metabolism kuma tare da rashin zubar da jini, tsarin necrotic ya bayyana.
Alamun necrosis
Rashin hankali, rashin hankali shine alamar farko wacce yakamata ta zama dalilin ziyartar likita. Paleness na fata ana lura da sakamakon rashin kyaun jini wurare dabam dabam, sannu a hankali launin fata ya zama cyanotic, sa'an nan baki ko duhu kore. Idan necrosis ya faru a cikin ƙananan ƙafar ƙafa, to da farko yana nunawa ta hanyar gajiya mai sauri lokacin tafiya, jin sanyi, damuwa, bayyanar gurguwar gurgu, bayan haka marasa lafiya na trophic ulcers suna tasowa, necrotic a tsawon lokaci.
Lalacewar yanayin gaba ɗaya na jiki yana faruwa ne daga cin zarafi na ayyuka na tsarin juyayi na tsakiya, yaduwar jini, tsarin numfashi, kodan, hanta. A lokaci guda kuma, ana samun raguwar rigakafi saboda bayyanar cututtukan da ke haɗuwa da jini da anemia. Akwai rashin lafiya na rayuwa, gajiya, hypovitaminosis da yawan aiki.
Nau'in necrosis
Dangane da abin da canje-canje ke faruwa a cikin kyallen takarda, nau'i biyu na necrosis sun bambanta:
Coagulation (bushe) necrosis – Yana faruwa a lokacin da furotin nama ya ninka, ya yi kauri, ya bushe kuma ya juya ya zama taro mai tattake. Wannan shine sakamakon gushewar jini da fitar da danshi. A lokaci guda, wuraren nama sun bushe, gaggautsa, launin ruwan kasa mai duhu ko launin toka-rawaya tare da tsayayyen layi. A wurin da aka ki amincewa da matattun kyallen takarda, ciwon ciki yana faruwa, wani tsari na purulent yana tasowa, an samu kumburi, kuma yoyon fitsari yana farawa a lokacin budewa. Dry necrosis yana samuwa a cikin maɗaura, kodan, kututturen igiyar cibiya a cikin jarirai.
Colliquation (rigar) necrosis - bayyana ta kumburi, taushi da liquefaction na matattu kyallen takarda, samuwar wani launin toka taro, bayyanar da m wari.
Akwai da dama iri necrosis:
Ciwon zuciya - yana faruwa ne sakamakon kwatsam dakatarwar samar da jini a cikin mayar da hankali na nama ko gabobin jiki. Kalmar ischemic necrosis na nufin necrosis na wani ɓangare na gabobin ciki - raunin kwakwalwa, zuciya, hanji, huhu, koda, saifa. Tare da ƙananan ƙwayar cuta, narkewar autolytic ko resorption da cikakken gyaran nama yana faruwa. Sakamakon mara kyau na ciwon zuciya shine cin zarafi na mahimmancin aikin nama, rikitarwa ko mutuwa.
Sequester - wani mataccen yanki na nama na kasusuwa yana cikin rami mai zurfi, ya rabu da nama mai lafiya saboda tsarin purulent (osteomyelitis).
Gangrene - necrosis na fata, mucous saman, tsokoki. Ci gabansa yana gaba da necrosis na nama.
Ciwon gado - yana faruwa a cikin mutane marasa motsi saboda dadewa da matsawa na kyallen takarda ko lalacewa ga fata. Duk wannan yana haifar da samuwar zurfi, purulent ulcers.
kanikancin
Abin baƙin ciki shine, sau da yawa ana aika marasa lafiya don gwajin da aka yi ta amfani da hasken x-ray, amma wannan hanya ba ta ba da damar gano cututtukan cututtuka a farkon farkon ci gabanta ba. Necrosis a kan x-haskoki ana iya gani kawai a cikin matakai na biyu da na uku na cutar. Gwajin jini kuma baya bada sakamako mai inganci a cikin binciken wannan matsala. A yau, na'urar maganadisu ta zamani ko na'urori masu ƙididdigewa suna ba da damar tantance canje-canje a cikin kan lokaci da daidaitaccen tsarin nama.
Sakamakon
Sakamakon necrosis yana da kyau idan akwai narkewar enzymatic na nama, germination na nama mai haɗawa a cikin sauran matattun nama, kuma an kafa tabo. Yankin necrosis zai iya girma tare da nama mai haɗi - an kafa capsule (encapsulation). Ko da a cikin yanki na matattu nama, kashi na iya samuwa (ossification).
Tare da sakamako mara kyau, purulent fusion yana faruwa, wanda ke da rikitarwa ta hanyar zubar da jini, yaduwar mayar da hankali - sepsis yana tasowa.
Mutuwa ita ce irin ta ischemic shanyewar jiki, ciwon zuciya na myocardial. Necrosis na cortical Layer na kodan, necrosis na pancreas (pancreatic necrosis) da. da dai sauransu - raunuka na gabobin mahimmanci suna haifar da mutuwa.
Jiyya
Jiyya na kowane nau'in necrosis zai yi nasara idan an gano cutar a farkon mataki. Akwai hanyoyi da yawa na kulawar ra'ayin mazan jiya, adanawa da aikin aiki, ƙwararren ƙwararren ƙwararren ne kawai zai iya tantance wanda ya fi dacewa da sakamako mafi inganci.