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Ya kamata gano cutar kansar huhu ya zama mai sauri, cikakke kuma cikakke. Sannan a zahiri yana ba da damar zaɓin mutum ɗaya da haɓaka maganin cutar kansa. Godiya ga sababbin hanyoyin kwantar da hankali, wasu marasa lafiya suna da damar tsawaita rayuwarsu ba ta ƴan kaɗan ba, amma ta wasu dozin watanni. Ciwon daji na huhu ya zama cuta na yau da kullun.
Ciwon daji na huhu - ganewar asali
– Gano ciwon daji na huhu yana buƙatar shigar da ƙwararrun masana da yawa, ba kamar wasu cututtukan daji na gabobi ba, kamar kansar nono ko melanoma, waɗanda aka gano da kuma kula da su musamman ta likitan cutar kansa. Ciwon daji na huhu ya bambanta sosai a nan - in ji Farfesa Dr hab. n. med. Joanna Chorostowska-Wynimko, shugaban Sashen Genetics da Clinical Immunology na Cibiyar Tuberculosis da Cututtukan Huhu a Warsaw.
Haɗin gwiwar ƙwararrun ƙwararru da yawa yana da mahimmanci, lokacin da aka keɓe don bincikar cutar sannan kuma cancantar magani yana da matukar amfani. - Da zarar an gano ciwon daji, da sauri ana yin hoto da endoscopic diagnostics, da jimawa ana gudanar da kima na pathomorphological da gwaje-gwajen kwayoyin da suka dace, da wuri za mu iya ba wa marasa lafiya magani mafi kyau. Ba mafi kyau ba, kawai mafi kyau. Dangane da matakin ciwon daji, muna iya neman magani, kamar yadda yake a mataki na I-IIA, ko kuma ciwon huhu na huhu. Game da ci gaban gida, za mu iya amfani da jiyya na gida tare da tsarin kulawa, irin su radiochemotherapy, wanda aka fi dacewa da shi tare da immunotherapy, ko kuma a ƙarshe na maganin da aka keɓe ga marasa lafiya da ciwon huhu na huhu, a nan bege shine sababbin hanyoyin jiyya, watau tsarin kwayoyin halitta. ko magungunan rigakafi. Likitan oncologist, radiotherapist, likitan fiɗa ya kamata cikakken shiga cikin ƙungiyar ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararru - a cikin ciwace-ciwacen ƙwayar cuta shine likitan tiyata na thoracic - a lokuta da yawa kuma ƙwararren likitan huhu da ƙwararrun likitancin hoto, watau masanin rediyo - ya bayyana Farfesa Dr Hab. n. med. Dariusz M. Kowalski daga Sashen Lung da Ciwon daji na Thoracic na Cibiyar Nazarin Oncology-National Research Institute a Warsaw, shugaban kungiyar Ciwon Lung ta Poland.
Farfesa Chorostowska-Wynimko ya tunatar da cewa yawancin masu cutar kansar huhu suna da cututtuka na numfashi tare. - Ba zan iya tunanin halin da ake ciki ba inda aka yanke shawara game da mafi kyawun maganin oncological na irin wannan mara lafiya ba tare da la'akari da cututtuka na huhu ba. Wannan saboda za mu cancanci yin aikin tiyata majiyyaci da ke da huhu gabaɗaya lafiya banda ciwon daji, da mara lafiya da ke fama da cututtukan numfashi na yau da kullun, irin su fibrosis na huhu ko cututtukan huhu na huhu (COPD). Da fatan za a tuna cewa duka yanayi biyu ne masu ƙarfi abubuwan haɗari ga kansar huhu. Yanzu, a lokacin bala'i, za mu sami marasa lafiya da yawa masu fama da rikice-rikice na huhu na COVID-19 - in ji Farfesa Chorostowska-Wynimko.
Masana sun jaddada mahimmancin mai kyau, cikakke kuma cikakken bincike. – Tunda lokaci yana da matukar muhimmanci, yakamata a gudanar da bincike cikin inganci da inganci, watau a cikin kyawawan cibiyoyi wadanda zasu iya gudanar da bincike kadan da cutarwa, gami da tattara madaidaicin adadin kayan biopsy mai kyau don ƙarin gwaje-gwaje, ba tare da la’akari da dabarun da aka yi amfani da su ba. Irin wannan cibiyar yakamata a haɗa ta da aiki tare da kyakkyawar cibiyar gano cututtukan ƙwayoyin cuta da ƙwayoyin cuta. Ya kamata a adana kayan bincike da kyau kuma a tura su nan da nan, wanda ke ba da damar ƙima mai kyau dangane da cututtukan cututtukan cututtuka, sannan halayen ƙwayoyin cuta. Mahimmanci, cibiyar bincike ya kamata ta tabbatar da aikin lokaci guda na ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun halittu - in ji Farfesa Chorostowska-Wynimko.
Menene aikin likitan ilimin cututtuka
Idan ba tare da gwajin ƙwayoyin cuta ko cytological ba, watau bincikar kasancewar ƙwayoyin cutar kansa, mai haƙuri ba zai iya cancanci kowane magani ba. – Dole ne likitan ilimin halittar jiki ya bambanta ko muna fama da cutar sankarar huhu mara kanana (NSCLC) ko kuma ciwon daji (DRP), domin kula da marasa lafiya ya dogara da shi. Idan an riga an san cewa wannan shine NSCLC, likitan ilimin likitancin dole ne ya ƙayyade abin da subtype yake - glandular, babban tantanin halitta, squamous ko kowane ɗayan, saboda ya zama dole don yin oda jerin gwaje-gwajen kwayoyin halitta, musamman a cikin nau'in marasa lafiya. -squamous cancer, domin ya cancanci neman magani da aka yi niyya - yana tunatar da prof. Kowalski.
A lokaci guda, mai ba da kayan aikin ga likitan ilimin likitanci ya kamata a mayar da shi zuwa cikakken bincike na kwayoyin halitta wanda ke rufe duk abubuwan da ke tattare da kwayoyin halitta da shirin miyagun ƙwayoyi ya nuna, sakamakon abin da ake bukata don yanke shawara akan mafi kyawun magani na mai haƙuri. - Yana faruwa cewa ana magana da mai haƙuri zuwa wasu gwaje-gwajen ƙwayoyin cuta kawai. Wannan hali bai dace ba. Binciken da aka yi ta wannan hanya da wuya ya sa a yanke shawarar yadda za a kula da mara lafiya da kyau. Akwai yanayi inda aka yi kwangilar matakan gwajin kwayoyin halitta a wurare daban-daban. A sakamakon haka, nama ko cytological abu yana yawo a kusa da Poland, kuma lokaci yana kurewa. Marasa lafiya ba su da lokaci, bai kamata su jira ba – ƙararrawa prof. Chorostowska-Wynimko.
- A halin yanzu, wani sabon magani, wanda aka zaɓa daidai, yana ba da damar mai haƙuri da ciwon huhu ya zama cututtuka na yau da kullum kuma ya keɓe shi ba wasu watanni na rayuwa ba, amma har ma shekaru da yawa - in ji Farfesa Kowalski.
- Bincika haɗarin kamuwa da cutar kansa. Gwada kanka! Sayi kunshin bincike na mata da maza
Ya kamata duk marasa lafiya a yi cikakken bincike?
Ba kowane majiyyaci ne ke buƙatar yin cikakken gwajin kwayoyin halitta ba. An ƙaddara ta nau'in ciwon daji. - A cikin ciwon daji maras-squamous, yawanci adenocarcinoma, duk marasa lafiya da suka cancanci maganin kashe kwayoyin cuta ya kamata su fuskanci cikakkiyar ganewar kwayoyin halitta, saboda a cikin wannan cututtuka na kwayoyin halitta (EGFR maye gurbi, ROS1 da ALK gene rearrangements) suna faruwa sau da yawa fiye da sauran nau'in ciwon daji na huhu. . A gefe guda, kimantawar ligand don nau'in 1 da aka tsara shirin mutuwa, watau PD-L1, ya kamata a yi a duk lokuta na NSCLC - in ji Farfesa Kowalski.
Chemoimmunotherapy ya fi chemotherapy kadai
A farkon 2021, an ba marasa lafiya tare da duk nau'ikan nau'ikan NSCLC damar samun maganin rigakafi, ba tare da la'akari da matakin furotin na PD-L1 ba. Ana iya amfani da Pembrolizumab koda lokacin PD-L1 magana shine <50%. - a cikin irin wannan hali, a hade tare da chemotherapy tare da yin amfani da platinum mahadi da kuma ƙarni na uku cytostatic mahadi zaba bisa ga ciwon daji subtype.
- Irin wannan hanya ba shakka ya fi chemotherapy mai zaman kanta - bambance-bambancen da ke cikin tsawon rayuwa ya kai ko da watanni 12 don goyon bayan chemoimmunotherapy - in ji prof. Kowalski. Wannan yana nufin cewa marasa lafiya da aka yi musu magani tare da haɗin gwiwa suna rayuwa matsakaicin watanni 22, kuma marasa lafiya waɗanda ke karɓar chemotherapy kawai kaɗan fiye da watanni 10. Akwai marasa lafiya waɗanda, godiya ga chemoimmunotherapy, suna rayuwa ko da shekaru da yawa daga amfani da shi.
Irin wannan maganin yana samuwa a cikin layin farko na jiyya lokacin da ba za a iya amfani da tiyata da chemoradiotherapy ba a cikin marasa lafiya da ke fama da ciwo mai tsanani, watau metastases mai nisa. An tsara cikakkun bayanai a cikin Shirin Magunguna na Ma'aikatar Lafiya don maganin ciwon huhu (shirin B.6). Dangane da kiyasi, kashi 25-35 cikin XNUMX ne yan takarar chemoimmunotherapy. marasa lafiya tare da mataki IV NSCLC.
Godiya ga ƙarin maganin rigakafi na rigakafi zuwa chemotherapy, marasa lafiya sun amsa da kyau ga maganin anticancer fiye da mutanen da ke karɓar chemotherapy kawai. Mahimmanci, bayan ƙarshen chemotherapy, immunotherapy a matsayin ci gaba da haɗin gwiwar jiyya ana amfani da shi a kan wani asibiti na waje. Wannan yana nufin cewa mara lafiya baya buƙatar a kwantar da shi a asibiti duk lokacin da aka karɓa. Tabbas yana inganta rayuwar sa.
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Wannan na iya sha'awar ku:
- Mai guba kamar asbestos. Nawa za ku iya ci don kada ku cutar da kanku?
- Cutar sankara tana girma. Haka kuma adadin wadanda suka mutu yana karuwa a kasar Poland
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