Shekaru tsalle-tsalle a cikin ƙarni na 21st

Wani karin rana a cikin shekara, zai zama alama, ya kamata ya zama babbar dama don yin duk abin da ba ku da lokacin yin aiki a cikin yau da kullum 365. Amma a'a, wani abu a cikin tunanin jama'a ya ɓace: sanannen kowace shekara cewa yana da masifar da za a yi la'akari da shi shekara ta tsalle kodayaushe yana tashi a gaba.

Musamman masu camfin mutane suna shirya tun da wuri don korar matsaloli, ta yadda, da suka faɗa cikinsa, suna da ƙarfi na ruhaniya su tsayayya wa kaddara. Ba wai kawai a cikin maganganun kakannin mu ba, har ma a cikin posts akan yanar gizo, zaku iya samun tukwici da yawa kan yadda za ku zama mafi kyawu a cikin shekara ta tsalle don rage mummunan sakamakon da zai haifar da rayuwa. Bari mu lissafa shekarun tsalle-tsalle bisa ga lissafin a cikin karni na 21, sannan mu gaya muku inda karin rana ta fito da menene asalin tsoron rashin hankali.

Shekaru tsalle a cikin karni na 21st

Me yasa ake kiran shekaru shekarun tsalle?

Don fahimtar inda ƙarin lambar ta fito a cikin kalandar, yana da daraja fahimtar menene shekara (ana kiranta na wurare masu zafi). Wannan shine lokacin da Duniya ke ɗauka don yin cikakken juyin juya hali a kusa da Rana. Wannan tsari yana ɗaukar kimanin kwanaki 365 awanni 5 da mintuna 49. Kuma ko da yake 'yan sa'o'i kadan, kamar yadda aka gani a farkon kallo, za a iya yin watsi da su, ba sa yin haka don wani dalili mai sauƙi: a cikin shekaru hudu, irin waɗannan karin sa'o'i suna ƙara kusan kwana ɗaya. Shi ya sa muka kara kwana guda a kalandar – domin mu shawo kan bambancin da ke tsakanin kalanda da ainihin lokacin juyin juya halin duniya da ya taso cikin ‘yan shekarun da suka gabata.

Kalanda Julian

Kalmar “tsalle” ita kanta asalin Latin ce. Ana iya kiransa fassarar kalmar "bis sextus" kyauta, wanda ke fassara a matsayin "na biyu na shida." A zamanin d Roma, inda kalandar ta bayyana godiya ga Julius Kaisar, wasu kwanakin watan suna da sunaye na musamman: ranar farko ta wata - calenda, na biyar ko bakwai - nona, na sha uku ko na sha biyar - ida. An dauki ranar 24 ga Fabrairu a matsayin rana ta shida kafin kalandar Maris. An ƙara ƙarin rana a cikin shekara, wanda aka ƙara don rama bambanci tsakanin lambobi a cikin kalanda da lokacin motsi na duniya, kusa da shi, yana kiranta "bis sextus" - na biyu na shida. Daga baya, kwanan wata ya canza kadan - shekarar a tsohuwar Roma ta fara a watan Maris, bi da bi, Fabrairu shine na ƙarshe, wata goma sha biyu. Don haka an ƙara kwana ɗaya a ƙarshen shekara.

Kalanda

Kalandar Julius Kaisar, duk da cewa babbar nasara ce ta ɗan adam, a zahiri ba cikakke ba ce, kuma an gudanar da shi ba daidai ba a cikin ƴan shekarun farko. A cikin 45 BC. - shekarar tsalle ta farko a tarihi, masana ilmin taurari sun ƙididdige lokaci daban-daban na canjin shekara-shekara na duniya - kwanaki 365 da sa'o'i 6, wannan darajar ya bambanta da minti 11 da na yanzu. 'Yan mintuna kaɗan na bambance-bambance sun haɗa zuwa cikakken rana a cikin shekaru 128.

An lura da rashin daidaituwa tsakanin kalanda da ainihin lokacin a cikin karni na 16 - vernal equinox, wanda kwanan watan Easter na Katolika ya dogara a Katolika, ya zo kwanaki goma kafin lokacin da aka tsara ranar 21 ga Maris. Saboda haka, Paparoma Gregory na takwas ya gyara kalandar Julian. canza dokoki don kirga shekarun tsalle:

• idan za a iya raba darajar shekara da 4 ba tare da saura ba, shekara ce ta tsalle;
• sauran shekarun, ƙimar da za a raba su da 100 ba tare da ragowar ba, shekarun da ba tsalle ba ne;
• Sauran shekarun, ƙimar da za a raba su da 400 ba tare da saura ba, shekarun tsalle ne.

Sannu a hankali, duk duniya ta koma ga kalandar Gregorian, ɗaya daga cikin na ƙarshe da suka yi hakan ita ce ƙasarmu, a shekara ta 1918. Duk da haka, wannan tarihin ma ajizai ne, wanda ke nufin cewa wata rana za su bayyana sabon kalandar, wanda zai kawo sababbin camfi tare da su. .

Yaushe ne shekarar tsalle ta gaba

Irin wannan shekara tana cikin tsakar gida a yanzu, mai zuwa zai zo a 2024.

Lissafin "shekarar tsalle" na shekara abu ne mai sauƙi, ba za ku iya yin amfani da kalanda ba. Yanzu muna rayuwa bisa ga kalandar Gregorian, bisa ga wanda, kowace daƙiƙa ko da shekara shekara ce ta tsalle-tsalle.

Yana da sauƙi a lissafta a cikin zuciyar ku: na farko ko da shekara bayan 2000 ita ce 2002, na biyu ko da shekara ita ce 2004, shekara ta tsalle; 2006 gama gari ne, 2008 ita ce shekarar tsalle; da sauransu. Shekara mai ban mamaki ba za ta taɓa zama shekarar tsalle ba.

Tsoffin shekarun tsalle: abin da ya faru mai mahimmanci

Tsoro da fargabar shekara ta tsalle ba wani abu ne ke goyan bayansa sai tunawa da tsararraki. camfe-camfe sun taso da dadewa ta yadda ba zai yiwu a gano tushensu ba. Abin da kawai za a iya faɗi shi ne cewa Slavs, Celts, da Romawa sun kasance da ban mamaki gaba ɗaya a cikin camfinsu. Kowace al'umma tana jiran kama daga shekara tare da adadin kwanakin da ba na al'ada ba.

A cikin kasarmu, a kan haka, an yi tatsuniyar St. Kasyan, wanda ya ci amanar Ubangiji, ya koma gefen mugunta. Hukuncin Allah ya riske shi da sauri kuma ya kasance mai mugun hali – tsawon shekaru uku Kasyan a cikin duniya an yi masa bulala da guduma a kai, a na hudu kuma aka sake shi zuwa duniya, inda ya ji haushi, yana cudanya da mutane har tsawon shekara guda.

Kakanninmu, waɗanda suka yi taka-tsan-tsan da tsalle-tsalle, mai yiwuwa sun ɗauke su a matsayin wani nau'in gazawa a cikin yanayi, karkacewa daga yanayin al'ada da na yau da kullun.

A cikin tarihi, shekarun tsalle sun ga matsaloli da bala'i da yawa. Ga wasu daga cikinsu:

• 1204: Fall of Constantinople, rushewar Daular Byzantine.
• 1232: Farkon Binciken Mutanen Espanya.
• 1400: Annobar annoba ta baƙar fata, daga inda kowane mutum uku na Turai ke mutuwa.
• 1572: Daren St. Bartholomew ya faru - kisan kiyashin na Huguenots a Faransa.
• 1896: Tsunami mai rikodin rikodin Japan.
• 1908: faduwar Tunguska meteorite.
• 1912: Nitsewar Titanic.
• 2020: Annobar coronavirus ta duniya.

Duk da haka, bai kamata a manta game da babban ƙarfin da ke tattare da daidaituwa ba, da kuma yadda irin waɗannan bala'o'i kamar farkon yakin duniya na biyu da babban yakin kishin kasa, harin ta'addanci na 11 ga Satumba da fashewa a tashar makamashin nukiliya ta Chernobyl sun faru. a cikin shekarun da ba na tsalle ba. Abin da ya sa yana da mahimmanci ba kwanakin nawa ne ke faɗuwa a cikin shekara ba, amma yadda muke sarrafa su.