Ciguatera cuta ce ta abinci da ake samu ta hanyar cin kifin da ya gurɓace da guba mai suna "ciguatoxin". Wannan neurotoxin yana aiki akan tashoshin calcium na tsarin jin tsoro. Yana canza ma'auni na neurons kuma yana haifar da rikice-rikice na narkewa da zuciya. Wannan yana haifar da sa'o'in da ke biyo bayan shan ta da ciwon ciki, tare da tashin zuciya, amai ko gudawa. Wasu alamun bayyanar cututtuka, kamar dizziness, gurgujewa ko hypersalivation na iya faruwa. Cutar Ciguatera tana ba da garantin tuntuɓar likita. Jiyya alama ce.

Kalmar Ciguatera ta fito ne daga sunan Cuban "cigua" na karamin mollusk Cittarium pica, wanda ake kira Antilles troch. Cutar Ciguatera, ko “ƙaiƙayi” saboda ƙaiƙayi da take haifarwa, an san ta tun ƙarni na XNUMX. Ana haifar da shi ta hanyar cin manyan kifayen wurare masu zafi da na wurare masu zafi, irin su barracuda, gurɓataccen guba da ake kira “ciguatoxin”, wanda ƙananan algae ke ɓoyewa a cikin gurɓataccen raƙuman murjani.

Cutar Ciguatera tana da yawa a cikin kowane yanayi a cikin wurare masu zafi da wurare masu zafi (Oceania, Polynesia, Tekun Indiya, Caribbean). Dole ne ruwan ya zama dumi kuma ya ba da mafaka ga murjani reefs. Haɗarin kamuwa da cuta ya fi girma bayan guguwa.

Ciguatoxin, wanda ke da alhakin wannan cuta, ana samar da shi ta hanyar ƙananan algae, wanda ake kira Gambierdiscus toxicus, wanda ke tasowa a cikin kwarangwal na murjani matattu. Wannan kifaye ne ke cinye shi a cikin gurɓataccen raƙuman murjani, kuma, yayin da sarkar abinci ke ci gaba, yana iya tattarawa a cikin kifaye masu cin nama, waɗanda su kansu suke cinyewa da girma fiye da su. Na biyun, kamar moray eel ko barracuda, mutane ne ke cinye su. Matakan Ciguatoxin suna cikin tsari na nanograms ɗari ko ma micrograms, sun isa su haifar da alamu a cikin mutane.

Don haka akwai haɗarin guba ga masu amfani da waɗannan kifin, musamman tunda gubar ba ta da ƙarfin dafa abinci. Wannan shi ne dalilin da ya sa aka hana wasu nau'in kamun kifi gwargwadon nauyinsu da kuma yankinsu na kamun kifi. Don hana cutar Ciguatera, ana ba da shawarar, lokacin da ake zama a wuraren da gubar ta kasance, don bin shawarwarin masu zuwa.

Ka guji cin kifi "mafi girma fiye da farantinka".

Kamar:

• rukuni;
• Barracuda ; 
• kifi kifi;
• shark ;
• likitan fiɗa;
• lutjan ;
• lefa; 
• kaguwa;
• wuce gona da iri;
• loche ;
• bcune
• kifi napoleon, da dai sauransu.

Sauran shawarwari

Yana da mahimmanci:

• Kada ku ci hanta ko viscera na kifi daga waɗannan yankuna;
• kada a ci kifin da ’yan ƙasa ba sa ci;
• ko da yaushe nuna kama ka ga wani masunta na gida kafin cinye shi.

Ciguatoxin wani neurotoxin ne wanda ke aiki a cikin tashoshi na calcium na tsarin juyayi. Yana canza ma'auni na neurons kuma yana iya haifar da alamu da yawa. Mafi sau da yawa, alamun suna bayyana tsakanin sa'o'i 1 zuwa 4 bayan an sha, da wuya fiye da sa'o'i 24:

Alamar narkewar abinci

Alamun sukan fara da alamun narkewa kamar haka:

• Nausea;
• amai;
• gudawa;
• ciwon ciki;
• hypersalivation ko bushe baki.

Alamun cututtukan zuciya

Alamun cututtukan zuciya suna nuna tsananin guba:

• brachycardia (jinkirin bugun jini);
• Jijiya hypotension.

Wasu alamomi

Alamun Jijiya:

• paresthesias (tingling) musamman a gaba da fuska, musamman lebe;
• ji na numbness;
• ƙona jin zafi ko girgiza wutar lantarki akan hulɗa da abubuwa masu sanyi;
• daidaituwa da rashin daidaituwa;
• rikice;
• hallucinations ;
• ciwon kai;
• dizziness;
• gurguje, da sauransu.

Alamomin fata:

• itching (pruritus) musamman akan tafin hannu da tafin qafa;
• ja.

Sauran bayyanar cututtuka:

• tsoka da haɗin gwiwa;
• gumi;
• gajiya.

Cutar Ciguatera na iya zama mai tsanani har ma da mutuwa idan an sami gurgunta tsokar numfashi ko gazawar zuciya. Haɓaka "haɓaka hawan jini" ga kifi da abinci na asalin ruwa yana yiwuwa.

Babu maganin cutar Ciguatera, wanda ke tafiya da kansa cikin kwanaki. A gefe guda, kula da miyagun ƙwayoyi yana nufin rage alamun bayyanar cututtuka, musamman matsalolin zuciya, mafi haɗari. Maganin alamomin kamar haka.

Akan itching:

• antihistamines (Teldane, Polaramine);
• maganin sa barci na gida (gel lidocaine).

Don gyara ciwon ciki:

• antispasmodics;
• maganin rigakafi;
• maganin zawo.

Idan akwai cututtukan zuciya da jijiyoyin jini, ana ba da shawarar zuwa asibiti a asibiti wanda za a iya sanya shi a ƙarƙashin:

• corticosteroids don hana farawar girgiza;
• atropine sulfate a cikin bradycardia mara kyau;
• analeptics na zuciya a cikin hypotension.

Idan akwai rashin lafiyar jijiyoyin jiki: 

• bitamin B (B1, B6 da B12);
• amitriptyline (Laroxyl, Elavil);
• Tiapridal hade da dexamethasone;
• salicylic acid hade da colchicine.

Kamar yadda baƙin ciki na numfashi yana ɗaya daga cikin manyan abubuwan da ke haifar da mutuwa daga cutar Ciguatera, taimako na numfashi yana cikin maganin gaggawa na wasu nau'i mai tsanani tare da gurɓataccen numfashi.

A ƙarshe, ya kamata majiyyata su guji cin kifi a cikin kwanakin da suka biyo bayan bayyanar cutar don kada su ƙara yawan ciguatoxin. Har ila yau, ba a ba da shawarar shan barasa ba, saboda yana iya ƙara tsananta bayyanar cututtuka.