Kifin kifi: fasali na hali da rayuwa

Mafi yawan nau'in kifi a duniya shine kifin crucian, ruwa ne mai kyau, mai dadi, mai dadi kuma mutane da yawa suna son. Kuna iya samun shi a kowane, har ma da mafi ƙarancin tafki, yayin da ake kama shi akan mafi girman kayan aiki. Na gaba, muna bayar da koyan komai game da irin kifi daga A zuwa Z.

description

Crucian irin kifi nau'in nau'in halitta ne na mazaunan ichthy; Ana iya samun shi duka a cikin tafkuna da tafkuna da ruwa mara kyau, da kuma kan koguna masu matsakaicin hanya. Ya kasance na nau'in kifi na lecheperid, oda cyprinids, cyprinids iyali. Akwai nau'o'in nau'i daban-daban, tun da yankin rarraba yana da girma sosai. Ba shi da wahala a bambanta shi da sauran al'ummar yankin ruwa, don wannan ya isa kawai ku gan shi da idanunku.

Wannan "halayen" abin tunawa ne, an fi gabatar da bayanin a cikin nau'i na tebur:

A tsawon zai iya isa 60 cm, kuma nauyi a lokaci guda har zuwa 5 kg.

Shekaru nawa ne crucian ke rayuwa? Tsawon lokaci ya dogara da dalilai da yawa, daga cikinsu nau'in nau'in yana da mahimmanci. Talakawa yana da tsawon shekaru 12, amma azurfa yana kasa da shi a cikin wannan, bai wuce shekaru 9 ba.

Habitat

Waɗannan wakilan cyprinids ba su da fa'ida sosai, sun dace da kusan kowane jikin ruwa don rayuwa. Za ka iya samun shi ba tare da matsala ba a cikin koguna masu haske, a cikin tafkunan da ke da yawan silt da ciyayi. Kogunan tsaunuka da tafkuna ne kawai ba su son su, a irin wannan yanki na ruwa ba su da tushe ko kadan.

Yanzu yana da wuya a tantance inda sanannen kifin ya fito, an san shi a yawancin ƙasashe na duniya saboda taimakon ɗan adam. Ayyukan tattalin arziki ya ba shi damar yaduwa zuwa:

• Poland
• Jamus;
• Italiya;
• Fotigal;
• Harshen Harshen;
• Romaniya;
• Birtaniya;
• Belarus;
• Kazakhstan;
• Mongoliya;
• Kasar Sin;
• Koriya.

Tafkunan Arewa ba banda ba, ruwan sanyi na Siberiya, Kolyma, Primorye sun zama kusan ɗan ƙasa ga wakilin dangin carp. Carp ba a la'akari da abin sha'awa a cikin Amurka, Thailand, Pakistan, Indiya da sauran ƙasashe masu ban sha'awa a gare mu.

Diet

Wannan wakilin cyprinids ana ɗaukarsa a matsayin abin duniya, saboda kusan babu samfurin da ba za a iya ci ba. Koyaya, abubuwan da aka zaɓa sun bambanta dangane da matakin haɓakawa da shekaru:

• soya, wanda ya fito daga kwai, yana amfani da abin da ke cikin yolk bladder don rayuwa ta al'ada;
• daphnia da blue-kore algae zuwa dandano na mutanen da suka ci gaba da ci gaba;
• kowane wata yana wucewa zuwa tsutsotsin jini da sauran ƙananan kwari na kogin;
• manya suna da tebur daban-daban, wannan ya haɗa da annelids, ƙananan crustaceans, ƙwayoyin kwari, tushen tsire-tsire na ruwa, mai tushe, duckweed, algae.

Wasu daga cikin wakilai sun zama masu cin abinci na gaske, saboda sa hannun mutum, dafaffen hatsi, gurasar burodi, kullu tare da man shanu sun zama kusan al'ada a gare su. Yana amfani da waɗannan fasalulluka waɗanda zaku iya kama adadi mai yawa na wannan ichthyite. Duk da haka, crucian irin kifi ne sau da yawa capricious, a rana guda a kan tafki guda yana iya ɗaukar baits daban-daban.

iri

Mafarauci ko a'a? Wannan wakilin cyprinids an rarraba shi azaman nau'in kifi mai zaman lafiya, duk da haka, wani lokacin manyan mutane na iya samun damar yin liyafa akan soya irin nasu. Amma ba kowa ba ne ke iya wannan, wasu nau'ikan jinsin su ne gaba daya herbivores.

Halittar ta ƙunshi nau'ikan da yawa, kowane ɗayan zai bambanta da danginsa cikin bayyanar. Bari mu yi la'akari da mafi yawan daki-daki.

Zinariya ko na kowa (Carassius carassius)

Wannan hanta ne mai tsayi a cikin nau'insa, matsakaicin mutum zai iya rayuwa har zuwa shekaru 5, yayin da dangane da sigogi zai iya kaiwa:

• tsawon 50-60 cm;
• nauyi har zuwa 6 kg.

Balaga yana faruwa ne a cikin shekaru 3-4, yayin da talakawa ko zinare suna da siffofi masu zuwa:

• jiki yana kwance a gefe, zagaye da tsayi;
• Ƙarfin baya yana da tsayi, launin ruwan kasa mai launin ruwan kasa kamar yadda caudal;
• dubura daya da na ciki guda biyu suna da launin ja;
• ma'auni suna da girma, suna da launin jan karfe;
• babu pigmentation a cikin ciki, amma baya yana da launin ruwan kasa.

Yana da wurin zama na yau da kullun a Turai, yayin da yawancin ya fara ne daga ruwan sanyi na Burtaniya, Norway, Sweden da Switzerland, kuma ya ƙare a Italiya, Spain, Macedonia, Croatia. Yana da sauƙi saduwa da irin wannan nau'in crucian irin wannan nau'in a Asiya, Sin da Mongoliya 'yan asalinsa ne, da kuma yankin Asiya na Rasha, wato kananan tafkunan fadama.

Azurfa (Carassius gibelio)

A baya can, ya rayu ne kawai a cikin Tekun Pasifik, kiwo na crucian irin wannan nau'in irin kifi, wanda ya fara a tsakiyar 20th bangaskiya, ya taimaka masa ya matsa zuwa nisa mai kyau. Yanzu ana iya samun wakilin azurfa na cyprinids a:

• Amirka ta Arewa;
• Kasar Sin;
• Indiya;
• Siberiya;
• Gabas mai nisa;
• Yukren;
• Poland;
• Belarus;
• Lithuania;
• Romaniya;
• Jamus;
• Italiya
• Portugal.

Azurfa tana da mafi girman girma idan aka kwatanta da danginta na zinare:

• tsawon har zuwa 40 cm;
• nauyi ba fiye da 4 kg.

Tsawon rayuwa shine shekaru 8-9, da wuya akwai mutanen da suka sami damar isa shekaru 12.

Bambance-bambancen waje na azurfa sune kamar haka:

• siffar jiki yana kama da sauran mambobi na jinsi;
• ma'auni kuma suna da girma, amma suna da launin azurfa ko ɗan ƙaramin kore;
• fins sun kusan bayyana, suna da ruwan hoda, zaitun, tint mai launin toka.

Redfin carp yana cikin wannan nau'in, azurfa kawai ya sami damar daidaita yanayin tafki ɗaya kuma ya canza kamanni kaɗan.

Irin nau'in ya dace daidai da kusan kowane yanayin mazaunin, wani lokacin yana canza bayyanarsa, wannan shine dalilin zabar shi a matsayin tushen sabon abu, wanda aka ƙirƙira ta wucin gadi.

Kifin Kifin (Carassius auratus)

An haifi wannan nau'in ta hanyar wucin gadi, an dauki azurfa a matsayin tushe. Akwai nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan sama da ɗari uku, kusan dukkanin su sun dace ne kawai don kiwo a cikin aquariums.

Goldfish zai bambanta ta hanyoyi daban-daban:

• tsawo daga 2 cm zuwa 45 cm;
• jiki m, ovoid, elongated, mai siffar zobe;
• launi yana da bambanci sosai, akwai kifaye na kowane launi na bakan gizo;
• fins dogayen gajere, masu tasowa kamar malam buɗe ido, lulluɓe;
• idanuwa duka ƙanana ne kuma manya-manya ne, ƙuruciya.

Wannan nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in carp ne na kasar Sin, wanda ya fi shahara a wannan kasa, amma sauran kasashen duniya suna saye shi a matsayin kayan ado na kowane tafki na wucin gadi.

Jafananci (Carassius cuvieri)

Za a iya samun wakilan wannan nau'in a cikin ruwan Japan da Taiwan. Ba shi da wata siffa ta musamman da za a iya tantancewa, sai dai jikin ta ya dan tsawo fiye da na azurfa.

Matsakaicin tsayin kifin ya kai 35-40 cm, amma nauyin bai wuce 3 kg ba.

Kwanan nan, masu cin zarafi sun yi iƙirarin cewa abubuwa da yawa sun bayyana a kan tafki a kan hanya. A bayyanar, crucian carp ba ya bambanta da daidaikun mutane daga tafki ko tabki, amma kamawarsa ya fi ban sha'awa.

Ciyarwa

Jima'i balagagge, wato ikon spawn, a cikin crucian irin kifi yana faruwa a shekaru 3-4. A wani lokaci, mace, a matsakaici, na iya yin har zuwa 300 qwai, kuma don hadi, ba ta buƙatar samun irin kifi a kusa. Amma, abubuwa na farko.

Lokacin haifuwa yana farawa a tsakiyar layi a ƙarshen Mayu-farkon Yuni, babban alamar a nan shine zafin ruwa. Spawning zai yiwu ne kawai a 17-19 digiri Celsius, aiwatar da kanta yana faruwa a da yawa wucewa, da tazara a cikin abin da ba kasa da kwanaki 10.

Caviar na wakilin cyprinids rawaya ne kuma yana da tsayi mai tsayi, alama ce ta ƙarshe wacce ke taimaka masa ta sami gindin zama a kan ciyayi ko tushen ruwa. Ci gaban ci gaba ya dogara ne akan namiji, kuma ba lallai ba ne daga nau'in nau'in iri ɗaya.

Don ci gaba da jinsin halittu idan babu wani namiji mai balagagge na jima'i na crucian carp, mata za su iya takin ƙwai:

• bream;
• irin kifi;
• irin kifi;
• rowa.

Milk na kifin zinare kuma na iya shiga cikin hadi, kodayake ba zai cika ba. Sakamakon gynogenesis, wannan shine sunan wannan tsari, kawai mata daga ƙwai da aka dage za a haifa.

Ana iya ci gaba da haifuwa har zuwa watan Agusta.

Siffofin hali

Carp a cikin daji yana girma a hankali fiye da kiwo na wucin gadi, dalilin wannan shine abinci mai gina jiki. A cikin yanayin yanayi, kifaye ba za su karbi duk abin da suke bukata a daidai adadin ba, kullum suna buƙatar neman abinci don kansu. Tare da noman wucin gadi na abinci, akwai isasshen isa, sau da yawa yana da yawa, musamman don wakilan cyprinids suyi girma da sauri kuma su sami nauyi.

Yaya saurin irin kifi na crucian ke girma a cikin tafki? Girman dabi'a yayi kama da haka:

• a cikin shekarar farko ta rayuwa, kifin yana samun matsakaicin 8 g;
• A ƙarshen na biyu, ta riga ta auna kimanin 50 g;
• a shekaru uku, mutum yana da nauyin jiki na 100 g.

Babban ganima ga masunta daga tafkin daji yana nauyin 500 g. Kuma girma akan ciyarwa sau da yawa ya kai 5 kg a daidai wannan shekarun.

Abubuwan halayen sun haɗa da:

• yiwuwar haifuwa ba tare da namiji na jinsi ɗaya ba;
• zama fitar da yanayi mara kyau a cikin silt;
• kyakkyawan daidaitawa ga kusan kowane yanayin rayuwa;
• m.

Shekaru nawa crucian carp ke girma a cikin tafki, kuma waɗanne hanyoyi za a iya amfani da su don kama shi?

Hanyoyin kamun kifi

Kama carp duka da iri-iri. Yana yiwuwa a kama irin wannan kifin har ma da mafi mahimmancin tuntuɓar, duk da haka, an ƙirƙira kaɗan kaɗan na zamani don irin kifi na crucian. Daga farkon bazara zuwa ƙarshen kaka ana amfani da:

• jaki tare da mai ɗaukar abin girgiza roba (band na roba);
• takalmi mai iyo;
• kisa carp don adadin feeders daban-daban.

Angler yana hawa kowane ɗayansu ta hanyarsa, don yin magana, don kansa. Akwai hanyoyi da zaɓuɓɓuka da yawa, a nan gaba za mu yi bayani dalla-dalla game da kowannensu.

Yana da wuya a sami wannan wakilin cyprinids daga kankara. Yaya yanayin hunturu irin kifi? Yana kawai burrows cikin silt yayin tsananin sanyi zuwa zurfin 0,7 m kuma yana jira a can don yanayi mara kyau, gami da fari mai tsanani.

Ban sha'awa game da crucian

Duk da cewa dabbobin mu sun san mutane da yawa, amma yana da nasa sirri da sirrin, wanda za mu ɗan bayyana a yanzu:

• don kamawa, ana yawan ƙara tafarnuwa ko digon anise a cikin koto, waɗannan ƙamshi za su jawo ko da mafi sluggian crucian carp tare da cikakken pecking;
• sun fara haifuwa ta hanyar wucin gadi a kasar Sin, kuma hakan ya faru ne a karni na bakwai AD;
• Masana kimiyya galibi suna amfani da kifin zinare don dalilai na kimiyya, sune farkon mazaunan kifin da suka fara shiga sararin samaniya;
• jin warin su yana da kyau, koto mai ƙaƙƙarfan ƙamshi yana iya jawo hankalin kifin daga nesa, wanda yake a nesa mai kyau daga gare shi;
• mafi mahimmancin sashin jiki shine layi na gefe, ita ce za ta gaya wa crucian game da abinci, wurin da zai iya haifar da haɗari, kimanin nisa zuwa wani abu.

Ana amfani da Carp sau da yawa don noman wucin gadi, yawancin tafkunan da aka biya suna cike da wannan nau'in jinsin. Carp yayi girma da sauri kuma yana haɓaka tare da ingantaccen abinci, a cikin shekaru biyu zai yiwu a kama na farko.

Kifin carp ya zama ruwan dare a duniya. Akwai nau'in irin kifi da yawa, da yawa an haɗa su a nan, akwai kuma jan crucian carp. Ana kama su ta hanyoyi daban-daban, kuma wanne ne ya fi nasara shi ne ya ƙayyade shi ta hanyar mai kusurwa.