Rashin haihuwa shine rashin iyawar ma'aurata haihuwa. Muna magana akan rashin haihuwa ko rashin haihuwa idan ma'auratan da suke yawan jima'i kuma ba sa amfani da maganin hana haihuwa sun kasa haihuwa a kalla shekara guda (ko wata shida idan mace ta haura 35).

Don mace ta sami ciki, jerin abubuwan da suka faru ya zama dole. Jikinsa, da kuma musamman kwayansa, dole ne ya fara samar da tantanin halitta, dayayi, wanda ke tafiya zuwa mahaifa. A can, a gaban maniyyi, hadi zai iya faruwa. Maniyyi zai iya rayuwa awanni 72 a cikin tsarin haihuwa na mace kuma dole ne a hadu da kwai a cikin sa'o'i 24 na ovulation. Bayan hadewar wadannan kwayoyin halitta guda biyu, ana samun kwai sannan a dasa shi a cikin mahaifa, inda zai iya tasowa.

Rashin haihuwa na iya zama da wahala ga ma'auratan da suke son zama iyaye amma ba za su iya yin hakan ba. Wannan rashin iyawa zai iya samu illolin tunani muhimmanci.

Akwai magunguna da yawa na rashin haihuwa waɗanda zasu iya ƙara haɓaka damar ma'aurata na zama iyaye.

Tsarin jima'i

Rashin haihuwa yana da yawa na kowa tunda zai shafi tsakanin 10% zuwa 15% na ma'aurata. Don haka CDC (Cibiyoyin Kula da Cututtuka) Amurkawa sun tabbatar da cewa kusan 1 cikin 10 mata za su fuskanci wahalar samun juna biyu. Kashi 80 zuwa 90% na mata suna daukar ciki a cikin shekara 1 sannan kashi 95 cikin 2 a cikin shekaru XNUMX.

A Kanada, bisa ga Ƙungiyar Ƙwararrun Rashin Haihuwa ta Kanada (ACSI), kusan 1 a cikin 6 ma'aurata ba za su yi nasara ba wajen haifar da yaro a cikin 1.^zamanai shekarar dakatar da duk maganin hana haihuwa.

A Faransa, bisa ga binciken da aka yi a cikin mahaifa na shekara ta 2003 da cibiyar lura da haihuwa ta 2007-2008, kusan 1 cikin 5 ma'aurata za su fuskanci rashin haihuwa bayan watanni 12 ba tare da hana haihuwa ba. A cewar binciken, kashi 26% na mata sun sami juna biyu tun daga 1^erwatanni ba tare da hana haihuwa ba da 32%, fiye da watanni 6 bayan haka (ciki har da 18% bayan watanni 12 da 8% bayan watanni 24)³.

Duk da cewa ba a samu bayanai ba, amma ga dukkan alamu mata da yawa suna fama da matsalar samun juna biyu kuma suna daukar lokaci mai tsawo. Abubuwan muhalli ko cututtuka na iya zama alhakin wannan juyin halitta. An kuma ware kiba mai yawa. Ya kamata ku kuma sani cewa haihuwa yana raguwa dashekaru. Yanzu, mata suna jiran su 1^er yaro daga baya kuma daga baya, wanda kuma zai iya bayyana dalilin da yasa matsalolin rashin haihuwa suka fi yawa.

Sanadin

Abubuwan da ke haifar da rashin haihuwa sun bambanta sosai kuma suna iya shafar maza, mata ko duka abokan tarayya. A kashi uku na al'amuran, rashin haihuwa ya shafi namiji ne kawai, a cikin wani uku kuma ya shafi mace kawai kuma a karshe, a cikin saura na uku, ya shafi duka biyun.

A cikin mutane

Rashin haihuwa na namiji ya samo asali ne saboda karancin samar da shi (oligospermia) ko rashin cikakkiyar rashin (azuospermia) na maniyyi a cikin maniyyi. Azospermia na iya zama saboda rashin samarwa a cikin tes ko toshe hanyoyin da ke ba da damar maniyyi yin ƙaura. The maniyyi Hakanan yana iya zama maras kyau (teratospermia) ko mara motsi (asthenospermia). Sa'an nan kuma maniyyi ba zai iya isa ga oocyte kuma ya shiga cikin shi ba. Mutum kuma zai iya shan wahalacumshots farkon. Sannan zai iya fitar da maniyyi cikin 'yar sha'awa, sau da yawa tun ma kafin ya ratsa abokin zamansa. Dyspareunia (saduwa mai raɗaɗi ga mata) na iya hana shiga ciki. Idan kuwa'ejaculation retrograde, ana aika maniyyi zuwa mafitsara ba waje ba. Wasu dalilai na muhalli, kamar fallasa magungunan kashe qwari ko yawan zafi mai yawa a saunas da Jacuzzis, na iya rage haihuwa ta hanyar shafar samar da maniyyi. Ƙarin rikice-rikice na gaba ɗaya kamar kiba, yawan shan barasa ko taba kuma suna iyakance haihuwan namiji. A ƙarshe, wasu magungunan rigakafin ciwon daji kamar chemotherapy da radiotherapy wani lokaci suna iyakance samar da maniyyi.

A cikin mata

Abubuwan da ke haifar da rashin haihuwa sun sake yawa. Wasu mata na iya shan wahalarashin daidaituwar ovulation. Ovulation na iya zama babu shi (anovulation) ko mara kyau. Tare da waɗannan rashin daidaituwa, ba a samar da oocyte don haka hadi ba zai iya faruwa ba. The fallopian shambura, wanda ke tsakanin ovaries da mahaifa kuma yana ba da damar tayin yin hijira zuwa cikin kogon mahaifa, zai iya zama toshe (misali, a cikin yanayin salpingite, kumburin bututu ko matsala tare da mannewa bayan tiyata). Mace na iya samun endometriosis, uterine fibroma ko polycystic ovary syndrome, wanda shine rashin daidaituwa na hormonal wanda ke haifar da cysts a kan ovaries kuma yana bayyana ta hanyar rashin lokaci da rashin haihuwa. Magunguna, kamar maganin ciwon daji, na iya haifar da rashin haihuwa. Matsalolin thyroid da hyperprolactinemia kuma na iya zama alhaki. Wannan karuwa a matakin prolactin, hormone da ke samuwa a lokacin shayarwa, zai iya rinjayar ovulation.

A ganewar asali

A cikin yanayin rashin haihuwa, wajibi ne a yi ƙoƙarin gano dalilinsa. Gwaje-gwaje daban-daban da aka bayar na iya zama tsayi. Kwararrun sun fara ne da duba yanayin lafiyar ma'auratan; suna kuma magana game da rayuwarsu ta jima'i. A cikin kusan kashi uku na al'amuran, rashin haihuwa na ma'auratan ya kasance ba a bayyana ba.

Le Gwajin Huhner gwaji ne da za a yi sa'o'i kadan bayan an gama saduwa. Yana duba ingancin gaɓoɓin mahaifa, wani abu ne da mahaifa ke samar da shi wanda ke ba da damar maniyyi yin motsi da kyau kuma ya isa mahaifar.

A cikin mutane, Ɗaya daga cikin gwaje-gwaje na farko shine don nazarin abubuwan da ke cikin maniyyi: yawan adadin spermatozoa, motsin su, bayyanarsa, rashin lafiyarsa, da dai sauransu. Muna magana ne game da shi. maniyyi. Idan an gano rashin daidaituwa, ana iya buƙatar duban dan tayi na al'aurar ko karyotype. Likitoci kuma suna duba idan fitar maniyyi ya saba. Ana yin gwaje-gwajen Hormonal, irin su gwajin testosterone, daga samfurin jini akai-akai.

A cikin mata, ana duba aikin da ya dace na gabobin haihuwa. Likitan kuma ya tabbatar da cewa al'adar al'ada ce. Gwajin jini don duba adadin hormones da ke akwai zai iya tabbatar da cewa mace tana fitar da kwai da kyau. A hysterosalpingography yana ba da damar hangen nesa mai kyau na kogon mahaifa da bututun fallopian. Wannan jarrabawa yana ba da damar, godiya ga allurar samfurin bambanci, don gano duk wani toshewa a cikin bututu. A laparoscopy, tiyatar da za ta iya hango cikin ciki don haka ana iya ba da ovaries, tubes na fallopian da mahaifa, idan ana zargin rashin haihuwa. Yana iya taimakawa wajen gano endometriosis. Hakanan duban dan tayi na pelvic zai iya gano rashin daidaituwa na mahaifa, tubes ko ovaries. Gwajin kwayoyin halitta na iya zama dole don gano asalin halittar rashin haihuwa.