Kashi ɗaya bisa uku na marasa lafiya da aka gano suna da ciwon daji na makogwaro suna kamuwa da cutar papillomavirus (HPV), galibi suna da alaƙa da kansar mahaifa, in ji Journal of Clinical Oncology.
Cututtuka da kwayar cutar papillomavirus (HPV) suna cikin mafi yawan al'amuran duniya. Ana kamuwa da cutar ta hanyar jima'i ne ta hanyar saduwa da mucosa na al'aurar kai tsaye, amma har da fatar da ke kewaye da su. Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya (WHO) ta kiyasta cewa kusan kashi 80 cikin dari. Mutanen da ke yin jima'i suna kamuwa da cutar ta HPV a wani lokaci a rayuwarsu. Ga yawancinsu, na ɗan lokaci ne. Duk da haka, a cikin wani kashi ya zama na yau da kullum, wanda ke kara haɗarin kamuwa da ciwon daji iri-iri.
Daga cikin fiye da 100 da aka sani subtypes (wanda ake kira serotypes) na papillomavirus na mutum (HPV), da yawa suna da ciwon daji. Akwai musamman nau'i biyu - HPV16 da HPV18, waɗanda ke da alhakin kusan kashi 70. lokuta na ciwon daji na mahaifa.
Masana WHO sun kiyasta cewa cututtukan HPV suna da alhakin kusan kashi 100. lokuta na ciwon daji na mahaifa, kuma ban da kashi 90 cikin dari. Cutar sankarar dubura, kashi 40 cikin 12 na ciwon daji na sassan al'aura na waje - watau vulva, farji da azzakari, amma kuma ga wani kaso na kansa da wuyansa, gami da kashi 3% na ciwon daji na makogwaro da pharynx da kusan. XNUMX bisa dari. ciwon daji na baka. Akwai kuma binciken da ke nuna yadda kwayar cutar ke da hannu wajen haifar da cutar sankarar nono, huhu da prostate.
Binciken da aka yi kwanan nan ya nuna karuwar kamuwa da ciwon makogwaro da ciwon makogwaro dangane da kamuwa da cutar HPV. Har ya zuwa yanzu, an yi la'akari da shan barasa da shan taba a matsayin abubuwan haɗari mafi mahimmanci ga waɗannan cututtuka. Masana kimiyya suna zargin cewa karuwar shigar HPV a cikin ci gaban waɗannan cututtukan daji yana da alaƙa da yancin jima'i da shaharar jima'i ta baka.
Don gwada dangantakar da ke tsakanin HPV da ciwon daji na wasu ciwon kai da wuyansa, masana kimiyya daga wata tawagar kasa da kasa sun gudanar da nazarin marasa lafiya 638 da ke fama da su, ciki har da ciwon daji na cavity na baki (masu fama da 180), ciwon daji na oropharynx (135 marasa lafiya). , ciwon daji na ƙananan pharynx / larynx (marasa lafiya 247). Sun kuma bincika marasa lafiya da ciwon daji na esophageal (mutane 300). Don kwatanta, an gwada mutane 1600 masu lafiya. Dukkansu sun kasance mahalarta a cikin wani dogon lokaci na nazarin Turai game da dangantaka tsakanin salon rayuwa da hadarin ciwon daji - Binciken Binciken Turai na Ciwon daji da Abinci.
Samfuran jinin da aka bayar a farkon binciken yayin da suke cikin koshin lafiya an yi nazarinsu don rigakafin ƙwayoyin cuta ga furotin na HPV16 da sauran nau'ikan papillomavirus na ɗan adam na carcinogenic kamar su HPV18, HPV31, HPV33, HPV45, HPV52, da HPV6 da HPV11 waɗanda sune. Mafi yawan sanadin cutar sankarau amma mai damun al'aura (wanda ake kira warts na al'aura), kuma da wuya yana iya haifar da kansar vulvar.
Samfuran ciwon daji sun kasance a matsakaicin shekaru shida, amma wasu sun fi shekaru 10 kafin ganewar asali.
Ya bayyana cewa kusan kashi 35 cikin dari. An gano masu ciwon daji na Oropharyngeal suna da ƙwayoyin rigakafi ga wani muhimmin furotin na HPV 16, wanda aka rage a matsayin E6. Yana kashe furotin da ke da alhakin hana tsarin neoplastic a cikin sel kuma don haka yana ba da gudummawa ga ci gabanta. Kasancewar ƙwayoyin rigakafi ga furotin E6 a cikin jini yawanci yana nuna haɓakar ciwon daji.
Don kwatantawa, a cikin ƙungiyar kulawa yawan mutanen da ke da ƙwayoyin rigakafi a cikin jini shine 0.6%. Babu dangantaka tsakanin kasancewar su da sauran ciwace-ciwacen kai da wuyan da aka haɗa a cikin binciken.
Masu binciken sun jaddada cewa dangantakar dake tsakanin kasancewar wadannan kwayoyin cuta da kuma ciwon daji na oropharyngeal ya wanzu har ma ga marasa lafiya wadanda aka samo samfurin jini daga gare su fiye da shekaru 10 kafin gano cutar kansa.
Abin sha'awa, a tsakanin marasa lafiya da ciwon daji na oropharyngeal da kuma kasancewar anti-HPV16 antibodies, an sami ƙananan adadin mutuwar saboda dalilai daban-daban fiye da marasa lafiya ba tare da rigakafi ba. Shekaru biyar bayan gano cutar, kashi 84 cikin 58 suna raye. mutane daga rukuni na farko da kashi XNUMX cikin dari. dayan.
Wadannan sakamako masu ban mamaki sun ba da wasu shaidun cewa kamuwa da cutar HPV16 na iya zama muhimmiyar dalilin ciwon daji na oropharyngeal, sharhin mawallafin Dokta Ruth Travis na Jami'ar Oxford.
Sara Hiom daga gidauniyar Cancer Research UK ta fada a wata hira da BBC cewa kwayoyin cutar HPV suna yaduwa sosai.
Yin jima'i cikin aminci na iya rage haɗarin kamuwa da cuta ko aika HPV ga wani, amma kwaroron roba ba zai kare ku gaba ɗaya daga kamuwa da cuta ba, in ji ta. An san cewa kwayar cutar da ke kan fata a yankin al'aura kuma tana iya zama tushen kamuwa da cuta.
Hiom ya jaddada cewa, ba a sani ba ko alluran rigakafin da ake amfani da su a halin yanzu don rigakafin cutar kansar mahaifa a cikin 'yan mata matasa (daya daga cikinsu kuma an amince da shi ga samari don rigakafin cututtukan al'aura da kuma ciwon daji na azzakari) na iya rage haɗarin ciwon daji na oropharyngeal. Idan binciken ya tabbatar da haka, zai nuna cewa za a iya amfani da su sosai wajen rigakafin cututtukan neoplasms. (PAP)
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