Daskararre ciki

Daskararre ciki yana daya daga cikin manyan matsalolin da ke tattare da ilimin mata da mata. Abin takaici, kowace mace za ta iya fuskantar irin wannan pathology. Abin da za a yi a cikin wannan yanayin kuma lokacin da za ku iya sake tsara ciki, muna magance likitan mata-likita Marina Eremina.

Menene daskararre ciki

Akwai sharuɗɗan da yawa waɗanda ke bayyana yanayin iri ɗaya: zubar da ciki, rashin haɓaka ciki da zubar da ciki. Dukkansu suna nufin abu ɗaya - jaririn da ke cikin mahaifa ya daina girma ba zato ba tsammani (1). Idan wannan ya faru har zuwa makonni 9, suna magana game da mutuwar amfrayo, har zuwa makonni 22 - tayin. A wannan yanayin, zubar da ciki ba ya faruwa, tayin ya kasance a cikin rami na uterine.

Yawancin likitoci sun yarda cewa kashi 10-20 na duk masu ciki suna mutuwa a cikin makonni na farko. A lokaci guda kuma, matan da suka sami ciki ba tare da tasowa ba sukan dauki yaro ba tare da matsala ba a nan gaba. Koyaya, akwai yanayi lokacin da ciki biyu ko fiye a jere suka daskare. Sa'an nan kuma likitoci sunyi magana game da zubar da ciki na al'ada, kuma irin wannan ganewar asali ya riga ya buƙaci kulawa da magani.

Alamun ciki mai daskarewa

Da kyar mace ta iya gane kanta ko cikinta ya tsaya ko a'a. Yawan zubar jini, kamar a cikin zubar da ciki, ba a nan, babu ciwo. Sau da yawa majiyyaci yana jin daɗi, kuma yana da zafi a gare ta don jin cutar da likita.

Wani lokaci har yanzu kuna iya zargin matsala. Ya kamata a lura da alamun masu zuwa:

• daina tashin zuciya;
• daina zubar da nono;
• inganta yanayin gaba ɗaya; wani lokacin bayyanar daub na jini.

- Abin baƙin ciki, babu alamun alamun ciki da aka rasa, kuma duban dan tayi kawai zai iya yin ganewar asali. Waɗannan alamomin na zahiri ne. likitan mata-likita Marina Eremina.

Tare da waɗannan alamun, likitoci suna ba da shawarar yin duban dan tayi, kawai a lokacin duban dan tayi zaka iya sanin ko amfrayo ya daskare ko a'a. Wasu lokuta tsofaffin kayan aiki ko ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun na iya yin kuskure, don haka likitoci suna ba da shawarar ko dai a yi gwajin duban dan tayi a wurare biyu mafi kyau tare da bambanci na kwanaki 3-5-7), ko kuma nan da nan zabar asibiti tare da fasahar zamani kuma ƙwararru sosai. likitoci.

Kwararre na duban dan tayi yana gano cikin da aka rasa ta wadannan alamu:

• rashin girma na kwan tayi a cikin makonni 1-2;
• rashin amfrayo tare da girman kwai na tayin na akalla 25 mm;
• idan girman coccyx-parietal na amfrayo ya kai mm 7 ko fiye, kuma babu bugun zuciya.

Wani lokaci kuna buƙatar ɗaukar gwaje-gwajen jini da yawa don hCG don bincika idan matakin wannan hormone yana canzawa. Tare da ciki na al'ada, ya kamata ya karu.

Daskararre farkon ciki

Hadarin da aka rasa ciki yana da yawa musamman a farkon farkon watanni uku.

"Yawancin lokuta, ciki da aka rasa yana faruwa a farkon matakan, a cikin makonni 6-8, a lokuta masu wuya bayan makonni 12 na ciki," in ji likitan obstetrician-gynecologist.

Matsayi mai haɗari na gaba bayan farkon trimester shine makonni 16-18 na ciki. Da wuya, ci gaban amfrayo yana tsayawa a wani kwanan wata.

Dalilan daskararren ciki

Matar da ta ji irin wannan ganewar asali na iya tunanin cewa wani abu yana damun ta. Duk da haka, likitoci sun ba da tabbacin cewa kashi 80-90 cikin 6 na cikin da ba a samu ciki ba na faruwa ne ta cikin mahaifa da kanta, ko kuma, saboda rashin daidaituwa na kwayoyin halitta. Kamar yadda ya juya, amfrayo ya juya ya zama ba zai yiwu ba. Mafi girman ilimin cututtuka, da jimawa ciki zai mutu. A matsayinka na mai mulki, amfrayo mara kyau ya mutu har zuwa makonni 7-XNUMX.

Sauran abubuwan da ke haifar da zubar da ciki sun shafi kashi 20 ne kawai na lokuta (2). Wadannan dalilai sun riga sun haɗa da uwa, kuma ba tare da yaron ba.

Me zai iya zama sanadin zubar da ciki.

1. Cin zarafin tsarin coagulation na jini, daban-daban thromboses, kazalika da ciwon antiphospholipid, wanda jini yana haɗuwa sosai. Saboda haka, mahaifa ba zai iya jure wa ayyukansa na ciyar da tayin ba, kuma a nan gaba jaririn zai iya mutuwa.

2. Hormonal gazawar. Duk wani nau'i na rashin daidaituwa, ko rashin progesterone ko wuce haddi na hormones na maza, na iya yin illa ga ci gaban amfrayo.

3. Cututtuka masu yaduwa, galibi cututtukan da ake ɗauka ta hanyar jima'i, cytomegalovirus, rubella, mura da sauransu. Yana da haɗari musamman kama su a cikin farkon watanni uku, lokacin da aka shimfiɗa dukkan gabobin da tsarin jaririn da ba a haifa ba.

4. Madaidaicin fassarar chromosomal a cikin iyaye. Yana sauti mai rikitarwa, amma ainihin shine wannan - ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta na iyaye sun ƙunshi tsarin ƙwayoyin cuta na chromosomes.

Muhimmiyar rawa ita ce salon rayuwar mace, da kuma shekarunta. Hadarin rashin haɓaka ciki yana ƙaruwa a ƙarshen shekarun haihuwa. Idan a cikin shekaru 20-30 yana da matsakaicin 10%, to a shekaru 35 ya riga ya zama 20%, a shekaru 40 yana da 40%, kuma sama da 40 ya kai 80%.

Wasu abubuwan da za su iya haifar da rashin ciki:

• cin zarafin kofi (kofuna 4-5 a rana);
• shan taba;
• shan wasu magunguna;
• rashi na folic acid;
• damuwa na tsari;
• barasa

Akwai abubuwa da dama da aka yi kuskuren la'akari da su ne abubuwan da ke haifar da rashin ciki. Amma ba haka ba ne! Ba zai iya zama sanadin ba:

• tafiya ta iska;
• yin amfani da maganin hana haihuwa kafin daukar ciki (maganin rigakafin hormonal, spirals);
• aikin jiki (idan har mace ta shiga wasanni a cikin yanayi guda kafin daukar ciki);
• jima'i;
• zubar da ciki.

Abin da za a yi da daskararre ciki

Idan kun kasance ƙasa da shekaru 35 kuma wannan shine farkon zubar da ciki, likitoci sun ba da shawarar kada ku damu ko firgita. Mafi yawan lokuta wannan haɗari ne, kuma ƙoƙari na gaba na zama uwa zai ƙare a cikin haihuwar jariri mai lafiya. Yanzu abu na farko da za a yi shi ne a kawar da kwan tayin ta hanyar tiyata ko kuma a likitance.

A wannan lokacin, mace na bukatar goyon bayan 'yan uwa. Don haka kada ku ajiye tunanin ku a cikin kanku, kuyi magana game da ji da mijinki, mahaifiyarku, budurwa.

Don kwanciyar hankalin ku, ba zai zama abin ban mamaki ba don gwada daidaitattun cututtuka - duka waɗanda ake ɗauka ta hanyar jima'i, da mura da sauran cututtuka. Idan ba a sami komai ba, za ku iya sake yin ciki.

Wani abu kuma shine idan wannan shine na biyu ko fiye da ciki da aka rasa, to kuna buƙatar gano musabbabin matsalar kuma ku kawar da su.

Ciki bayan daskararre ciki

Daskararre ciki 一 ko da yaushe dalilin baƙin ciki ne. Amma, wani lokaci daga baya, matar ta murmure kuma ta fara shirin wani sabon ƙoƙari na ɗaukar jariri. Kuna iya sake samun ciki bayan watanni 4-6 (3). A wannan lokacin, wajibi ne a sake dawowa ba kawai ta jiki ba, har ma da tunani. Bayan haka, matar ta ji ciki, kuma yanayin yanayin hormonal ya canza. 

shawarar:

• daina shan taba da barasa;
• kada ku zagin kayayyakin da ke dauke da maganin kafeyin;
• kada ku ci abinci mai mai da yaji;
• yi wasanni;
• tafiya akai-akai.

Hakanan yana ɗaukar lokaci don endometrium ya kasance a shirye don karɓar sabon kwai na tayin. 

Kafin shirya sabon ciki, ya zama dole a yi gwaje-gwaje da yawa:

1. Yi la'akari da kasancewar bayyanar da abubuwa masu cutarwa: magani, yanayi, cututtuka, da dai sauransu.
2. Don nazarin gadon dangi. Ko akwai lokuta na asarar ciki, thrombosis, bugun zuciya ko bugun jini a lokacin ƙuruciya.
3. Yi gwajin STDs, hormones da kuma zubar jini.
4. Shawara da masanin ilimin halitta.
5. Yi duban dan tayi na gabobin pelvic.
6. Yi la'akari da dacewa da abokan tarayya.

Mafi sau da yawa, ba a buƙatar magani, tun da zubar da ciki yawanci sakamakon kuskuren kwayoyin halitta ne. Duk da haka, idan wannan bai faru ba a karon farko, ana buƙatar shawarwarin likita da kuma nada na musamman. 

Samun ciki a baya fiye da watanni 4 bayan da aka rasa ciki yana da matukar damuwa, duk da cewa yana yiwuwa. Dole ne jiki ya murmure sosai don a ware maimaita matsalar zubar ciki. Don haka dole ne a yi amfani da amintattun hanyoyin hana haihuwa. Idan ciki ya faru, dole ne ku ziyarci likita kuma ku bi duk shawarwarinsa. 

Jarabawa da ake buƙata

Idan kun yi asarar jarirai biyu ko fiye, kuna buƙatar bincika a hankali. Mafi sau da yawa, likitoci suna ba da shawarar jerin gwaje-gwaje da hanyoyin:

• karyotyping na iyaye shine babban bincike wanda zai nuna idan ma'auratan da kansu suna da rashin daidaituwa na kwayoyin halitta; - nazarin tsarin haɗin jini: coagulogram (APTT, PTT, fibrinogen, prothrombin lokaci, antithrombin lll), D-dimer, platelet aggregation ko thrombodynamics, homocysteine, gano maye gurbi a cikin kwayoyin halittar tsarin coagulation;
• HLA-buga - gwajin jini don daidaitawa, wanda iyaye biyu ke ɗauka; - TORCH-complex, wanda ke gano ƙwayoyin rigakafi ga herpes, cytomegalovirus, rubella da toxoplasma;
• bincikar cututtukan da ake ɗauka ta hanyar jima'i; - gwaje-gwaje na jini don hormones: androstenediol, SHBG (hormone na jima'i globulin), DHEA sulfate, prolactin, jimlar da testosterone kyauta, FSH (hormone mai motsa jiki), estradiol, da hormones thyroid: TSH (hormone mai motsa jiki), T4 (thyroxine). T3 (triiodothyronine), thyroglobulin.

Idan bincike ya nuna matsala tare da coagulation, za ku iya buƙatar tuntuɓar likitan jini, idan tare da kwayoyin halitta - likitan kwayoyin halitta, idan tare da hormones - likitan mata da endocrinologist.

Watakila abokin tarayya zai ziyarci likitan ilimin lissafi kuma ya wuce jerin gwaje-gwaje.

– Abin ban mamaki, dalilin rashin samun ciki sau da yawa shine dalilin namiji. Wannan yana faruwa ba kawai ga munanan halaye, kamar barasa da shan taba ba, har ma da rashin abinci mai gina jiki, alal misali, amfani da samfuran marasa inganci, salon rayuwa, da wasu dalilai masu yawa, sun fayyace. likitan mata-likita Marina Eremina.

Zai fi dacewa a shawarce mutum don yin tsawaita spermogram kuma, idan teratozoospermia ya kasance a cikin bincike, sa'an nan kuma a yi ƙarin bincike don rarraba DNA a cikin spermatozoa ko gwajin microscopic na lantarki na spermatozoa - EMIS.

Kusan duk waɗannan hanyoyin ana biyan su. Don kada ku tafi karya, ba da su duka, sauraron shawarwarin likita. Dangane da tarihin likitan ku, ƙwararren zai tantance waɗanne gwaje-gwajen ne fifiko.

Abin takaici, har yanzu akwai yanayi da likitoci suka kasa gano musabbabin matsalar.

Menene tsarin tsaftacewa don?

Idan ciki ya daina tasowa kuma babu zubar da ciki, likita ya kamata ya tura mara lafiya don tsaftacewa. Kasancewar tayin fiye da makonni 3-4 a cikin mahaifa yana da haɗari sosai, yana iya haifar da zubar jini mai yawa, kumburi da sauran matsaloli. Likitoci sun yarda cewa kada ku jira zubar da ciki ba tare da bata lokaci ba, yana da kyau a aiwatar da curettage da wuri-wuri.

Wannan na iya zama buri ko zubar da ciki tare da magunguna waɗanda zasu ba da damar fitar da tayin ba tare da tiyata ba.

"Zaɓin hanyar na mutum ɗaya ne, ya danganta da lokacin da ciki ya daina haɓakawa, akan kasancewar contraindications zuwa ɗayan ko wata hanyar, kasancewar ciki da haihuwa a cikin tarihi, kuma, ba shakka, burin macen da kanta. ana la’akari da shi,” in ji shi likitan mata-likita Marina Eremina.

Don haka, zubar da ciki na likita, alal misali, bai dace da matan da ke da gazawar adrenal ba, m ko gazawar koda na yau da kullun, fibroids na mahaifa, anemia, cututtukan kumburi na tsarin haihuwa na mace.

Hanyar tiyata ta wucin gadi don dakatar da daukar ciki har zuwa makonni 12 a cikin kasarmu shine rashin sha'awar, lokacin da aka cire kwai na tayin ta hanyar amfani da tsotsa da kuma catheter. Hanyar tana ɗaukar mintuna 2-5 kuma ana yin ta ƙarƙashin maganin sa barci na gida ko cikakke.

Curettage hanya ce ta ƙasa da aka fi so kuma yakamata a yi amfani da shi kawai a cikin yanayi na musamman, alal misali, idan akwai sauran nama a cikin rami na mahaifa bayan buri.

Bayan tsaftacewa, ana aika abubuwan da ke cikin mahaifa don nazarin tarihi. Wannan bincike zai ba ku damar fahimtar abubuwan da ke haifar da ciki da aka rasa kuma ku guje wa sake faruwa a nan gaba.

Bugu da ari, an ba da shawarar mace ta sha hanya ta farfadowa. Ya haɗa da maganin hana kumburi, shan magungunan kashe zafi, bitamin, keɓance aikin jiki da hutawa mai kyau.

Idan ka fara jin ganewar asali na "rashin ciki" daga likita, mai yiwuwa ƙoƙari na gaba na haihuwa zai yi nasara. Mafi sau da yawa shi ne hatsarin lokaci guda, kuskuren kwayoyin halitta. Amma ko da mata, wanda wannan ya riga ya kasance na biyu ko na uku da aka rasa ciki, suna da kowane damar zama uwa.

Babban abu shine gano dalilin matsalar, sannan - gwaje-gwaje, jiyya, hutawa da gyarawa. Lokacin da wannan hanya ta wuce, ya kamata ka yi wani duban dan tayi na pelvic gabobin da kuma tabbatar da cewa endometrium girma daidai da sake zagayowar, babu polyps, fibroids ko kumburi a cikin mahaifa rami, ziyarci mai ilimin hanyoyin kwantar da hankali da kuma bi data kasance kullum cututtuka. . A cikin layi daya, kuna buƙatar jagoranci salon rayuwa mai kyau, ɗauki folic acid kuma ku ci daidaitaccen abinci, duk wannan zai ƙara yawan damar ku na samun ciki a nan gaba da kuma haihuwar jariri mai lafiya.

Siffofin haila a wannan lokacin

Bayan ƙarewar ciki, haila zai dawo ga mace. Mafi sau da yawa, yana zuwa 2-6 makonni bayan hanya. Yana da sauƙi don ƙididdige lokacin isowa na kwanaki masu mahimmanci. Ana ɗaukar ranar zubar da ciki a matsayin ranar farko, kuma ana ƙidaya ajali daga gare ta. Misali, idan mace tana da buri a ranar 1 ga Nuwamba, kuma ta sake zagayowar ta kwana 28, to jinin haila ya zo a ranar 29 ga Nuwamba. Jinkirin na iya haifar da gazawar hormonal. Haila bayan aikin motsa jiki zai zama mafi talauci fiye da yadda aka saba, tun lokacin da mucous membrane ba zai sami lokacin dawowa gaba daya ba.

Idan mace ta kasance "curettage", to, mahaifa zai iya zama mafi rauni, don haka haila na iya zama watanni biyu ko fiye.

A wannan lokacin, mace tana buƙatar kulawa ta musamman kuma ta kare kanta, saboda jiki bai riga ya shirya don ciki na biyu ba.

Idan kun lura cewa hailar ku bayan tsaftacewa ya fi tsayi fiye da yadda ake tsammani kuma yana kama da zubar jini, tabbatar da tuntuɓi likita, wannan na iya zama alamar kumburi.

Shahararrun tambayoyi da amsoshi

Tushen

1. Stepanyan LV, Sinchikhin SP, Mamiev OB Rashin haɓaka ciki: etiology, pathogenesis // 2011
2. Manukhin IB, Kraposhina TP, Manukhina EI, Kerimova SP, Ispas AA Rashin haɓaka ciki: etiopathogenesis, ganewar asali, jiyya // 2018
3. Agarkova IA Rashin ciki mai tasowa: kima na abubuwan haɗari da tsinkaye // 2010