Vitamin B12
Abun cikin labarin

Chemical dabara:

C63H88Tare da14O14P

a takaice bayanin

Vitamin B12 yana da matukar muhimmanci ga lafiyar kwakwalwa, tsarin juyayi, DNA kira da samuwar kwayoyin jini. Ainihin, abinci ne ga kwakwalwa. Amfani da shi yana da mahimmanci a kowane zamani, amma musamman tare da tsufa na jiki - rashi bitamin B12 yana hade da rashin fahimta. Ko da rashi mai laushi na iya haifar da raguwar aikin tunani da gajiya mai tsanani. Daya daga cikin mafi mahimmancin bitamin ga masu cin ganyayyaki, kamar yadda yawancin su ana samun su a cikin kayan dabba.

Har ila yau aka sani da: cobalamin, cyanocobalamin, hydroxocobalamin, methylcobalamil, cobamamide, Castle's external factor.

Tarihin binciken

A cikin shekarun 1850, wani likitan Ingilishi ya bayyana siffar mai kisa, yana danganta ta da ƙwayar mucous na ciki mara kyau da kuma rashin ruwan ciki. Marasa lafiya sun gabatar da alamun rashin jini, kumburin harshe, kalar fata, da tafiya mara kyau. Babu magani ga wannan cuta, kuma yana mutuwa koyaushe. Marasa lafiya ba su da abinci mai gina jiki, an kwantar da su a asibiti kuma ba su da fatan samun magani.

George Richard Minot, MD a Harvard, yana da ra'ayin cewa abubuwan da ke cikin abinci na iya taimakawa marasa lafiya. A cikin 1923, Minot ya haɗu tare da William Perry Murphy, ya kafa bincikensa akan aikin da George Whipple ya yi a baya. A cikin wannan binciken, an kawo karnuka cikin halin rashin jini, sannan sun yi ƙoƙarin tantance waɗanne abinci ne ke maido da jajayen ƙwayoyin jini. Kayan lambu, jan nama, musamman hanta sun yi tasiri.

A cikin 1926, a wani taron da aka yi a Atlantic City, Minot da Murphy sun ba da rahoton wani bincike mai ban mamaki - marasa lafiya 45 da ke fama da cutar ƙarancin jini an warkar da su ta hanyar shan yawancin hanta mai yawa. Ci gaban asibiti ya bayyana kuma yawanci yakan faru ne tsakanin makonni 2. A saboda wannan, Minot, Murphy da Whipple suka sami lambar yabo ta Nobel a fannin likitanci a shekarar 1934. Shekaru uku bayan haka, William Castle, shi ma masanin kimiyyar Harvard, ya gano cewa cutar ta samo asali ne daga wani abu da ke cikin ciki. Mutanen da aka cire ciki sau da yawa suna mutuwa saboda cutar ƙarancin jini, kuma cin hanta bai taimaka ba. Wannan factor, wanda yake a cikin mucosa na ciki, an kira shi "intrinsic" kuma ya zama dole don shayarwar yau da kullun na "mahimmin abu" daga abinci. “Asali mai mahimmanci” ba ya nan cikin marasa lafiya da cutar ƙarancin jini. A cikin 1948, “keɓaɓɓen maɓallin” an keɓe shi cikin sigar lu'ulu'u daga hanta kuma Karl Folkers da abokan aikinsa suka wallafa. An kira shi bitamin B12.

A shekarar 1956, likitan ilmin likitancin Ingilishi Dorothy Hodgkin ta bayyana tsarin kwayar bitamin B12, wanda ta samu kyautar Nobel a Chemistry a shekarar 1964. A shekarar 1971, Robert Woodward masanin kimiyyar hada magunguna ya sanar da nasarar hada bitamin bayan shekaru goma na kokarin.

Cutar mai saurin mutuwa za a iya warkewa cikin sauƙi tare da allurar tsarkakakken bitamin B12 kuma ba tare da sakamako masu illa ba. Marasa lafiya sun warke sarai.

Vitamin B12 mai wadataccen abinci

An nuna kusan wadatar (μg / 100 g) na bitamin:

Shellfish 11.28
Gasar Switzerland 3.06
Fita 1.69
Yogurt 0.37

Bukatar yau da kullum don bitamin B12

Yawan bitamin B12 an yanke shi ne ta kwamitocin abinci mai gina jiki a kowace ƙasa kuma suna tsakanin 1 zuwa 3 microgram kowace rana. Misali, ka'idar da Hukumar Abinci da Abinci ta Amurka ta sanya a 1998 kamar haka:

ShekaruMaza: MG / rana (Unasashen Duniya / rana)Mata: MG / rana (Unasashen Duniya / rana)
Yara jarirai 0-6 watanni0.4 μg0.4 μg
Yara jarirai 7-12 watanni0.5 μg0.5 μg
Yara 1-3 shekara0.9 μg0.9 μg
4-8 shekara1.2 μg1.2 μg
9-13 shekara1.8 μg1.8 μg
Matasa shekaru 14-182.4 μg2.4 μg
Manya 19 zuwa sama2.4 μg2.4 μg
Mai ciki (kowane zamani)-2.6 μg
Iyaye masu shayarwa (kowane zamani)-2.8 μg

A cikin 1993, Kwamitin Nutrition na Turai ya kafa yawan cin bitamin B12 yau da kullun:

ShekaruMaza: MG / rana (Unasashen Duniya / rana)Mata: MG / rana (Unasashen Duniya / rana)
Yara 6-12 watanni0.5 μg0.5 μg
Yara 1-3 shekara0.7 μg0.7 μg
4-6 shekara0.9 μg0.9 μg
7-10 shekara1.0 μg1.0 μg
Matasa shekaru 11-141.3 μg1.3 μg
Matasa masu shekaru 15 zuwa 171.4 μg1.4 μg
Mai ciki (kowane zamani)-1.6 μg
Iyaye masu shayarwa (kowane zamani)-1.9 μg

Tebur na kwatancen adadin shawarar bitamin B12 kowace rana, bisa ga bayanai a ƙasashe da kungiyoyi daban-daban:

ShekaruMaza: MG / rana (Unasashen Duniya / rana)
Tarayyar Turai (ciki har da Girka)1,4 mcg / rana
Belgium1,4 mcg / rana
Faransa2,4 mcg / rana
Jamus, Austria, Switzerland3,0 mcg / rana
Ireland1,4 mcg / rana
Italiya2 mcg / rana
Netherlands2,8 mcg / rana
Kasashen Nordic2,0 mcg / rana
Portugal3,0 mcg / rana
Spain2,0 mcg / rana
United Kingdom1,5 mcg / rana
Amurka2,4 mcg / rana
Kungiyar Lafiya ta Duniya, Hukumar Abinci da Noma ta Majalisar Dinkin Duniya2,4 mcg / rana

Bukatar bitamin B12 yana ƙaruwa a cikin irin waɗannan yanayi:

  • a cikin tsofaffi, ɓoyewar kwayar hydrochloric acid a cikin ciki yakan ragu (wanda ke haifar da raguwar shan bitamin B12), kuma adadin ƙwayoyin cuta a cikin hanji shima yana ƙaruwa, wanda zai iya rage matakin bitamin da ke akwai jiki;
  • tare da atrophic, ikon jiki ya sha bitamin B12 na halitta daga abinci yana raguwa;
  • tare da mummunar cutar (cutarwa) anemia, babu wani abu a cikin jiki wanda ke taimakawa ɗaukar B12 daga sashin alimentary;
  • yayin ayyukan ciki (alal misali, yanke ciki ko cire shi), jiki yana rasa ƙwayoyin da ke ɓoye sinadarin hydrochloric kuma suna ɗauke da wani muhimmin abu wanda ke inganta haɓakar B12;
  • a cikin mutane a kan abincin da ba ya ƙunshi kayan dabba; haka kuma a jarirai wadanda uwayen shayarwa masu cin ganyayyaki ne ko kuma masu cin ganyayyaki.

A duk waɗannan maganganun da ke sama, jiki na iya zama ba shi da isasshen bitamin B12, wanda hakan na iya haifar da mummunan sakamako. Don rigakafi da magani na waɗannan yanayi, likitocin da ke halartar sun ba da umarnin shan bitamin na roba a baki ko a cikin allura.

Kayan jiki da na sinadarai na bitamin B12

A zahiri, bitamin B12 dukkan rukuni ne na abubuwan ƙunshe. Ya haɗa da cyanocobalamin, hydroxocobalamin, methylcobalamin, da cobamamide. Cyanocobalamin ne wanda yake aiki sosai a jikin mutum. Wannan bitamin ana ɗauke dashi mafi hadadden tsari a kwatankwacin sauran bitamin.

Cyanocobalamin yana da duhu ja a launi kuma yana faruwa a cikin hanyar lu'ulu'u ko foda. Mara wari ko mara launi. Yana narkewa a cikin ruwa, yana da tsayayya da iska, amma haskoki na ultraviolet ya lalata shi. Vitamin B12 yana da karko sosai a yanayin zafi mai zafi (narkar da sinadarin cyanocobalamin daga 300 ° C ne), amma ya rasa aikinsa a cikin yanayi mai guba sosai. Hakanan mai narkewa a cikin ethanol da methanol. Tunda bitamin B12 yana narkewa cikin ruwa, jiki koyaushe yana buƙatar samun isashi dashi. Ba kamar bitamin mai narkewa ba, wanda aka adana a cikin jikin adipose kuma jikin mu yake amfani dashi a hankali, ana cire bitamin mai narkewa daga jiki da zaran an karɓi kashi sama da na buƙatar yau da kullun.

Tsarin B12 cikin jini:

Vitamin B12 yana da hannu cikin samuwar kwayoyin halitta, yana kare jijiyoyi, da dai sauransu. Duk da haka, don wannan bitamin mai narkewa ya yi aiki yadda ya kamata, dole ne a cinye shi sosai kuma a sha shi. Abubuwa daban-daban suna taimakawa ga wannan.

A cikin abinci, ana hada bitamin B12 da wani furotin, wanda, a ƙarƙashin tasirin ruwan 'ya'yan ciki da pepsin, ya narke a cikin cikin ɗan adam. Lokacin da aka saki B12, furotin mai ɗaurewa yakan manne shi kuma ya kiyaye shi yayin ɗaukarsa zuwa cikin ƙananan hanji. Da zarar bitamin ya kasance a cikin hanji, wani abu da ake kira mahimmin abu B12 ya raba bitamin da furotin. Wannan yana bawa bitamin B12 damar shiga cikin jini kuma yayi aikinsa. Don B12 ya sami dacewa daga jiki, ciki, ƙaramin hanji, da kuma pancreas dole ne su zama lafiyayye. Bugu da ƙari, dole ne a samar da isasshen adadin mahimmin abu a cikin ɓangaren hanji na ciki. Shan yawan barasa na iya shafar shan bitamin B12, yayin da samar da ruwan ciki ya ragu.

Muna ba da shawarar ku san kanku da nau'in Vitamin B12 a mafi girma a duniya. Akwai samfura sama da 30,000 masu mu'amala da muhalli, farashi masu kyau da haɓakawa na yau da kullun, akai-akai 5% rangwame tare da lambar kiran kasuwa CGD4899, ana samun jigilar kayayyaki kyauta a duk duniya

Abubuwa masu amfani da tasirin sa a jiki

Hulɗa da wasu abubuwan

Duk da yake yawancin cututtuka da magunguna na iya shafar tasirin bitamin B12, wasu abubuwan gina jiki, a gefe guda, na iya tallafawa tasirinsa ko ma sa ya yiwu gaba ɗaya:

  • folic acid: Wannan abu shine kai tsaye "abokin tarayya" na bitamin B12. Tana da alhakin mayar da folic acid zuwa yanayin aikinshi na rayuwa bayan halayen daban-daban - a takaice dai, yana sake kunna shi. Idan ba tare da bitamin B12 ba, jiki da sauri yana fama da rashi aiki na folic acid, tunda ya zauna a jikinmu ta hanyar da ba ta dace da ita ba. A gefe guda kuma, bitamin B12 shima yana buƙatar folic acid: a ɗayan halayen, folic acid (musamman methyltetrahydrofolate) yana sake ƙungiyar methyl don bitamin B12. Methylcobalamin sai a canza shi zuwa ƙungiyar methyl zuwa homocysteine, tare da sakamakon cewa an canza shi zuwa methionine.
  • biotin: Na biyu na bitamin B12, adenosylcobalamin, yana buƙatar biotin (wanda aka fi sani da bitamin B7 ko bitamin H) da magnesium don cika muhimmin aikinsa a cikin mitochondria. Game da karancin kwayar halitta, yanayi na iya tashi inda akwai adenosylcobalamin mai yawa, amma ba shi da amfani, tunda ba za a iya ƙirƙirar abokan harkarsa ba. A waɗannan yanayin, alamun rashin lafiyar bitamin B12 na iya faruwa, kodayake matakin B12 a cikin jini ya kasance na al'ada. A gefe guda, binciken fitsari yana nuna karancin bitamin B12, alhali kuwa ba haka bane. Witharin tare da bitamin B12 ba zai haifar da dakatar da alamun alamun daidai ba, saboda bitamin B12 kawai ya kasance ba shi da tasiri saboda ƙarancin biotin. Biotin yana da matukar damuwa ga masu kyauta, don haka ƙarin biotin ya zama dole a yanayin damuwa, wasanni mai nauyi da rashin lafiya.
  • alli: Shawar bitamin B12 a cikin hanji tare da taimakon mahimmin abu ya dogara kai tsaye da alli. A cikin yanayin karancin alli, wannan hanyar sha ta zama mai iyakancewa, wanda zai iya haifar da rashi bitamin B12. Misali na wannan shine shan metaphenin, magani mai ciwon suga wanda ke rage matakan alli na hanji har ta kai ga yawancin marasa lafiya na samun rashi B12. Koyaya, nazarin ya nuna cewa wannan na iya zama sanadin zama ta hanyar gudanarwar lokaci guda na bitamin B12 da alli. Sakamakon abinci mara kyau, mutane da yawa suna shan wahala daga acidity. Wannan yana nufin cewa mafi yawan allin da aka cinye ana amfani dashi don kawar da asid. Don haka, yawan shan acid a cikin hanji na iya haifar da matsalolin shan B12. Rashin bitamin D na iya haifar da karancin alli. A wannan yanayin, ana ba da shawarar shan bitamin B12 tare da alli don inganta saurin sha na ainihin mahimmin abu.
  • bitamin B2 da B3: suna inganta jujjuyawar bitamin B12 bayan an jujjuya shi zuwa ga bioactive coenzyme form.

Shan bitamin B12 tare da sauran abinci

Abincin da ke cikin bitamin B12 yana da kyau don cin abinci tare. Piperine, wani abu da ake samu a barkono, yana taimakawa jiki ya sha B12. Matsayin mai mulkin, muna magana ne game da nama da kifi jita-jita.

Bincike ya nuna cewa cin daidai rabon folate zuwa B12 na iya inganta lafiya, ƙarfafa zuciya, da rage haɗarin tasowa. duk da haka, yawan acid zai iya tsoma baki tare da sha na B12 kuma akasin haka. Don haka, kiyaye mafi kyawun adadin kowane ɗayansu ita ce hanya ɗaya tilo don hana gazawar faruwa. Folate yana da wadata a cikin folate, kuma B12 ana samunsa da farko a cikin kayayyakin dabbobi kamar kifi, nama da nama maras ƙarfi, kayan kiwo, da ƙwai. Yi ƙoƙarin haɗa su!

Halitta B12 ko Abincin Abinci?

Kamar kowane bitamin, B12 an fi samun sa daga asalin halitta. Akwai binciken da ke nuna cewa kayan abinci na roba na iya zama cutarwa ga jiki. Bugu da kari, likita ne kawai zai iya tantance ainihin adadin abin da ake bukata don lafiya da walwala. Koyaya, a wasu yanayi, bitamin na roba ba makawa.

Vitamin B12 yawanci ana gabatar dashi a cikin kayan abinci kamar cyanocobalamin, wani nau'i wanda jiki yake canzawa cikin sauƙi zuwa nau'ikan aiki na methylcobalamin da 5-deoxyadenosylcobalamin. Arin kayan abinci na iya ƙunsar methylcobalamin da wasu nau'ikan bitamin B12. Shaidun da ke yanzu ba su nuna bambanci tsakanin siffofin dangane da sha ko rayuwa. Koyaya, ikon jiki don ɗaukar bitamin B12 daga abubuwan abinci mai gina jiki an iyakance shi ta hanyar ƙarfin mahimmanci. Misali, kusan 10 mcg daga cikin 500 na karin magani mai karfin gaske yana shagaltar da masu lafiya.

Kariyar bitamin B12 yana da mahimmanci musamman ga masu cin ganyayyaki da masu cin ganyayyaki. Rashin B12 tsakanin masu cin ganyayyaki ya dogara ne akan nau'in abincin da suke bi. Vegans suna cikin haɗari mafi girma. Wasu samfuran hatsi masu ƙarfi na B12 sune tushen tushen bitamin kuma galibi suna ɗauke da fiye da 3 mcg na B12 na kowane gram 100. Bugu da ƙari, wasu nau'ikan yisti na abinci mai gina jiki da hatsi suna da ƙarfi tare da bitamin B12. Kayayyakin waken soya iri-iri, gami da madarar waken soya da sauran nama, suma sun ƙunshi na roba B12. Yana da mahimmanci a dubi abun da ke cikin samfurin, kamar yadda ba dukkanin su ba ne mai ƙarfi tare da B12 kuma adadin bitamin zai iya bambanta.

Dabbobi daban-daban na jarirai, gami da waɗanda suka dogara da shi, an ƙarfafa su da bitamin B12. Sabbin jarirai da aka haifa suna da matakan bitamin B12 sama da na jarirai masu shayarwa. Yayinda ake ba da shawarar shayar da nonon uwa zalla na tsawon watanni 6 na rayuwar jariri, ƙara ingantaccen tsarin bitamin B12 a rabi na biyu na ƙuruciya na iya zama da amfani ƙwarai.

Anan akwai wasu nasihu ga waɗanda suke cin ganyayyaki da maras cin nama:

  • Tabbatar cewa kuna da ingantaccen tushen bitamin B12 a cikin abincin ku, kamar abinci mai ƙarfi ko abubuwan abinci. Gabaɗaya bai isa ya cinye ƙwai da kayan kiwo kawai ba.
  • Tambayi mai kula da lafiyar ku ya duba matakin B12 ɗin ku sau ɗaya a shekara.
  • Tabbatar cewa matakan bitamin B12 naka na al'ada ne kafin kuma lokacin daukar ciki kuma idan kana shayarwa.
  • Tsoffin masu cin ganyayyaki, musamman masu cin ganyayyaki, na iya buƙatar haɓakar B12 mafi girma saboda lamuran da suka shafi shekaru.
  • Mutane da yawa sun riga sun gaza. Dangane da wallafe-wallafen masu sana'a, ana amfani da allurai daga 12 mcg kowace rana (na yara) zuwa 100 mcg kowace rana (na manya) don kula da mutane da rashin bitamin B2000.

Tebur mai zuwa yana ƙunshe da jerin abinci waɗanda za'a iya haɗa su a cikin ganyayyaki da ganyayyaki waɗanda ke da kyau don kiyaye matakan B12 na al'ada a cikin jiki:

SamfurCincin ganyayyakiCin ganyayyakicomments
cukuAA'aKyakkyawan tushen bitamin B12, amma wasu nau'ikan sun ƙunshi fiye da wasu. An ba da shawarar cuku na Switzerland, mozzarella, feta.
qwaiAA'aAna samun mafi yawan adadin B12 a gwaiduwa. Mafi wadataccen bitamin B12 shine duck da ƙwai.
MilkAA'a
YogurtAA'a
Yada Abincin Yammacin Yammacin YakiAAYawancin yaduwa za a iya amfani da su. Koyaya, kuna buƙatar kula da abun da ke cikin samfurin, tunda ba duk abubuwan da aka shimfidawa suke da ƙarfi ba tare da bitamin B12.

Yi amfani da shi a cikin aikin hukuma

Amfanin lafiyar bitamin B12:

  • Hanyoyin Rigakafin Cutar Cancer: Rashin Vitamin yana haifar da matsaloli tare da ƙoshin lafiya. A sakamakon haka, DNA ba zai iya hayayyafa yadda ya kamata ba kuma ya lalace. Masana sunyi imanin cewa lalacewar DNA na iya taimakawa kai tsaye ga samuwar cutar kansa. Arin abincinku tare da bitamin B12 tare da folate ana bincika a matsayin hanya don taimakawa hanawa da ma magance wasu nau'ikan cutar kansa.
  • Na inganta Kiwon Lafiyar Kwakwalwa: An gano matakan bitamin B12 masu karamin karfi na kara barazanar kamuwa da cutar Alzheimer ga tsofaffi maza da mata. B12 yana taimakawa kiyaye ƙananan matakan homocysteine, wanda na iya taka rawa cikin cutar Alzheimer. Hakanan yana da mahimmanci don nutsuwa kuma yana iya taimakawa rage alamun ADHD da ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya mara kyau.
  • Zai iya hana bakin ciki: Nazarin da yawa ya nuna daidaito tsakanin ɓacin rai da rashi bitamin B12. Wannan bitamin yana da mahimmanci don kira na kwayar halitta mai haɗuwa da ƙarancin yanayi. Wani bincike, wanda aka buga a cikin American Journal of Psychiatry, ya binciki mata 700 da ke da nakasa da shekarunsu suka wuce 65. Masu binciken sun gano cewa matan da ke fama da rashi bitamin B12 sun ninka yiwuwar ninkaya cikin sau biyu.
  • Rigakafin ƙarancin jini da lafiyar jini: Vitamin B12 yana da mahimmanci don samar da lafiyayyen ƙwayoyin jinin jini waɗanda suke cikin al'ada da girma. Balaga da kuma ƙwayoyin jan jini wanda ba daidai ba na iya haifar da ƙananan matakan oxygen, alamun gaba ɗaya na rauni da ɓarnata.
  • Kula da matakan makamashi mafi kyau: A matsayin ɗayan bitamin na B, bitamin B12 yana taimakawa canza sunadarai, mai da carbohydrates cikin “mai” ga jikin mu. In ba tare da shi ba, mutane galibi suna fuskantar gajiya mai ɗorewa. Ana buƙatar Vitamin B12 don watsa siginar neurotransmitter wanda ke taimakawa tsokoki kwangila da kiyaye matakan makamashi cikin yini.

Vitamin B12 a cikin sifa ana iya tsara shi a cikin irin waɗannan yanayi:

  • tare da rashi bitamin na gado (Cutar Immerslud-Grasbeck). An tsara shi a cikin hanyar allura, da farko na kwanaki 10, sannan kuma sau ɗaya a wata a tsawon rayuwa. Wannan maganin yana da tasiri ga mutanen da ke fama da raunin bitamin;
  • tare da cutar anemia Yawancin lokaci ta hanyar allura, maganin baka ko hanci;
  • tare da rashi na bitamin B12;
  • tare da guba na cyanide;
  • tare da babban matakin homocysteine ​​a cikin jini. Ana shan shi a hade tare da folic acid da bitamin B6;
  • tare da cututtukan ido da ke da alaƙa da shekaru da ake kira lalata lalacewar shekaru;
  • tare da shingles na rauni na fata. Bugu da ƙari don sauƙaƙe alamun cututtukan fata, bitamin B12 na iya taimaka zafi da ƙaiƙayi a cikin wannan cuta;
  • tare da neuropathy na gefe.

A cikin maganin zamani, nau'ikan roba bitamin B12 sun fi yawa - cyanocobalamin, hydroxocobalamin, cobabmamide. Na farko ana amfani da shi ne ta hanyar allurar jijiyoyin jini, ta cikin mahaifa, ta hanyar subcutaneous ko allurar intra-lumbar, haka kuma a cikin allunan. Hydroxocobalamin kawai za'a iya yi masa allura a ƙarƙashin fata ko cikin tsokoki. Ana bayar da Cobamamide ta hanyar allura cikin jijiya ko tsoka, ko a sha da baki. Shi ne mafi sauri daga cikin nau'ikan ukun. Bugu da ƙari, ana samun waɗannan magungunan a cikin hanyar hoda ko kuma shirye-shiryen da aka shirya. Kuma, ba tare da wata shakka ba, ana samun bitamin B12 sau da yawa a cikin ƙwayoyin cuta masu yawa.

Amfani da bitamin B12 a maganin gargajiya

Maganin gargajiya, da farko, ya ba da shawarar shan abinci mai arziki a cikin bitamin B12 idan akwai anemia, rauni, jin gajiya mai tsanani. Irin waɗannan samfurori sune nama, kayan kiwo, hanta.

Akwai ra'ayi cewa bitamin B12 na iya samun sakamako mai kyau tare da kuma. Saboda haka, likitocin gargajiya suna ba da shawara ta amfani da mayuka da mayuka, waɗanda suka haɗa da B12, a waje kuma a cikin kwasa-kwasan magani.

Vitamin B12 a cikin sabon binciken kimiyya

  • Masana kimiyya daga Cibiyar Kimiyya da Fasaha ta Norway sun ƙaddara cewa rashi bitamin B12 a lokacin daukar ciki yana da alaƙa da haɗarin haihuwa da wuri. Binciken ya shafi mata masu juna biyu 11216 daga kasashe 11. Haihuwar da wuri da ƙananan nauyin haihuwa suna ɗaukar kashi ɗaya bisa uku na kusan mutuwar jarirai miliyan 3 kowace shekara. Masu binciken sun yanke shawarar cewa sakamakon ya kuma dogara ne da kasar da mahaifiyar tayin ta kasance - alal misali, babban matakin B12 yana da nasaba da yawan nauyin haihuwa a cikin kasashe masu karamin karfi da masu matsakaicin kudi, amma bai banbanta a kasashen da babban matsayi na zama. Koyaya, a cikin kowane yanayi, rashi bitamin yana da alaƙa da haɗarin haihuwa.
  • Bincike daga Jami'ar Manchester ya nuna cewa ƙara yawan ƙwayoyi na bitamin ga magunguna na al'ada - musamman bitamin B6, B8 da B12 - na iya rage alamun. Irin wannan allurai sun rage bayyanar cututtukan ƙwaƙwalwa, yayin da ƙananan bitamin ba su da tasiri. Bugu da kari, an lura cewa bitamin na B suna da matukar alfanu a matakan farko na cutar.
  • Masana kimiyyar Norwegian sun gano cewa ƙananan matakan bitamin B12 a cikin jarirai suna da alaƙa da raguwar ƙwarewar fahimtar yara daga baya. An gudanar da binciken a tsakanin yaran Nepalese saboda karancin bitamin B12 ya zama ruwan dare a kasashen Kudancin Asiya. An fara auna matakan bitamin a jarirai (shekaru 2 zuwa watanni 12) sannan kuma a cikin yara guda 5 bayan shekaru. Yaran da ke da ƙananan matakan B12 sun yi muni akan gwaje-gwaje kamar warware wasan wasa, gane wasiƙa, da fassarar wasu motsin zuciyar yara. Karancin bitamin ya fi faruwa ne sakamakon rashin wadataccen abinci na dabbobi saboda rashin ingancin rayuwa a kasar.
  • Na farko irinsa na dogon lokaci da Cibiyar Nazarin Ciwon Kankara ta Jami'ar Jihar Ohio ta nuna cewa karin bitamin B6 da karin B12 na da alaƙa da haɗarin cutar kansa ta huhu ga maza masu shan sigari. An tattara bayanai daga sama da marasa lafiya 77 waɗanda suka ɗauki microgram 55 na bitamin B12 kowace rana tsawon shekaru 10. Duk mahalarta suna cikin shekaru 50 zuwa 76 kuma sun shiga cikin binciken tsakanin 2000 da 2002. A sakamakon lura, an gano cewa maza masu shan sigari sun fi yiwuwar kamu da cutar kansa ta huhu fiye da waɗanda ba su sha B12 ba .
  • Binciken da aka yi kwanan nan ya nuna cewa cinye wasu bitamin kamar su B12, D, coenzyme Q10, niacin, magnesium, riboflavin, ko carnitine na iya samun fa'idar magani ga kamuwa. Wannan cututtukan jijiyoyin jijiyoyin jiki sun shafi 6% na maza da 18% na mata a duk duniya kuma yana da mummunan yanayin. Wasu masana kimiyya sun faɗi cewa yana iya zama saboda ƙarancin antioxidants ko daga rashin aiki na mitochondrial. A sakamakon haka, waɗannan bitamin da abubuwan alamomin, suna da kaddarorin, na iya inganta yanayin mai haƙuri da rage alamun alamun cutar.

Yin amfani da bitamin B12 a cikin kayan kwalliya

An yi imani da cewa shi ne bitamin B12. Ta hanyar yin amfani da cyanocobalamin a saman, za ku iya ƙara kyakkyawan haske da ƙarfi ga gashin ku. Don yin wannan, ana ba da shawarar yin amfani da bitamin B12 na kantin magani a cikin ampoules, ƙara shi zuwa masks - duka na halitta (dangane da mai da samfuran halitta) kuma an saya. Misali, masks masu zuwa zasu amfana gashi:

  • abin rufe fuska, wanda ya ƙunshi bitamin B2, B6, B12 (daga ampoules), da man burdock (cokali guda), ƙwai kaza guda ɗaya. An haɗa dukkan abubuwan da ake amfani da su kuma ana shafa su da gashi na mintuna 1-5;
  • cakuda bitamin B12 (ampoule 1) da cokali 2 na jar barkono. Tare da irin wannan abin rufe fuska, kana buƙatar yin hankali sosai kuma amfani da shi kawai ga asalin gashi. Zai karfafa tushen da kuma hanzarta ci gaban gashi. Kuna buƙatar adana shi don kada ya wuce minti 15;
  • abin rufe fuska tare da bitamin B12 daga ampoule, teaspoon na man Castor, teaspoon na zuma mai ruwa da danyen 1. Ana iya wanke wannan abin rufe fuska awa ɗaya bayan aikace -aikacen;

Ana lura da kyakkyawan tasirin bitamin B12 lokacin da aka shafa fata. An yi imanin zai taimaka wajen daidaita wrinkles na farko, sautin fata, sabunta ƙwayoyin sel da kare shi daga illolin muhallin waje. Masana kimiyyar kwalliya suna ba da shawarar yin amfani da bitamin B12 na kantin magani daga ampoule, haɗa shi da tushe mai - ya zama mai ko jelly na mai. Kyakkyawan abin sabuntawa shine abin rufe fuska wanda aka yi da ruwan zuma, kirim mai tsami, ƙwai kaza, lemun tsami mai mahimmanci, tare da ƙarin bitamin B12 da B12 da ruwan aloe vera. Ana amfani da wannan abin rufe fuska a fuska na mintina 15, sau 3-4 a mako. Gabaɗaya, bitamin B12 don fata yana aiki da kyau tare da mai na kwaskwarima da bitamin A. Duk da haka, kafin a yi amfani da kowane kayan kwaskwarima, yana da kyau a gwada don kasancewar rashin lafiyan ko halayen fata da ba a so.

Amfani da bitamin B12 a kiwon dabbobi

Kamar yadda yake a cikin mutane, a cikin wasu dabbobi, ana samar da wani abu na ciki a jiki, wanda ya zama dole don shafan bitamin. Wadannan dabbobin sun hada da birai, aladu, beraye, shanu, kuliyoyi, zomaye, hamster, Fox, zakuna, damisa, da damisa. Ba a samo asali na asali ba a cikin aladun guinea, dawakai, tumaki, tsuntsaye da wasu nau'in. An san cewa a cikin karnuka ana samar da karamin abu ne kawai a cikin ciki - mafi yawansu ana samun su ne a cikin mahimmar. Abubuwan da suka shafi assimilation na bitamin B12 a cikin dabbobi rashi sunadarai ne, baƙin ƙarfe, bitamin B6, cire glandar thyroid, da ƙara yawan acidity. Ana adana bitamin galibi a cikin hanta, da kuma a cikin kodan, zuciya, kwakwalwa da baƙin ciki. Kamar yadda yake a cikin mutane, ana fitar da bitamin a cikin fitsari, yayin da a cikin dabbobi masu kara kuzari ana fitar da shi musamman cikin najasa.

Karnuka da wuya su nuna alamun rashi bitamin B12, amma, suna buƙatar sa don ci gaban al'ada da haɓaka. Mafi kyawun tushen B12 sune hanta, koda, madara, ƙwai, da kifi. Kari akan haka, yawancin shirye-shiryen cin abinci an riga an wadatar dasu da mahimman bitamin da ma'adinai, gami da B12.

Cats suna buƙatar kimanin mcg 20 na bitamin B12 a kowace kilogram na nauyin jiki don kula da ci gaban al'ada, ciki, shayarwa, da matakan haemoglobin. Nazarin ya nuna cewa kittens na iya karɓar bitamin B12 na tsawon watanni 3-4 ba tare da wani sakamako mai fa'ida ba, bayan haka haɓakar su da haɓaka suna raguwa sosai har sai sun daina gaba ɗaya.

Babban tushen bitamin B12 na dabbobi, aladu da kaji shine cobalt, wanda ke cikin ƙasa da abinci. Rashin bitamin yana bayyana kansa cikin raunin girma, rashin cin abinci, rauni, da cututtukan juyayi.

Amfani da bitamin B12 wajen samar da amfanin gona

Shekaru da dama, masana kimiyya sun yi ta kokarin nemo hanyar samun bitamin B12 daga tsiro, domin babban tushensa shi ne kayayyakin dabbobi. Wasu tsire-tsire suna iya shayar da bitamin ta hanyar tushen kuma don haka a wadata su da shi. Misali, hatsin sha'ir ko hatsi sun ƙunshi adadi mai yawa na bitamin B12 bayan an ƙara hadi a cikin ƙasa. Don haka, ta hanyar irin wannan bincike, damammaki suna fadadawa ga mutanen da ba za su iya samun isasshen bitamin daga tushen halitta ba.

Vitamin B12 tatsuniyoyi

  • Kwayar cuta a cikin bakin ko hanyar maganan ciki ta samarda cikakken adadin bitamin B12. Idan wannan gaskiya ne, rashin bitamin ba zai zama gama gari ba. Kuna iya samun bitamin kawai daga kayan dabba, abinci mai ƙarfi na wucin gadi ko ƙari na abinci.
  • Ana iya samun isasshen bitamin B12 daga kayan waken soya, probiotics, ko algae (kamar spirulina)A zahiri, waɗannan abincin ba su ƙunshi bitamin B12, kuma abubuwan da ke cikin algae suna da rikici sosai. Ko da akwai a cikin spirulina, ba shine nau'in bitamin B12 mai aiki wanda jikin mutum yake buƙata ba.
  • Yana ɗaukar shekaru 12 zuwa 10 kafin rashi bitamin B20. A hakikanin gaskiya, rashi na iya bunkasa da sauri, musamman ma lokacin da aka sami canji kwatsam a cikin abinci, alal misali, yayin sauyawa zuwa mai cin ganyayyaki ko cin ganyayyaki.

Contraindications da taka tsantsan

Alamomin rashi bitamin B12

Magungunan asibiti na rashi bitamin B12 ba su da yawa, kuma a mafi yawan lokuta ana haifar da su ne ta hanyar larurar rayuwa mai tsanani, rashin lafiya, ko ƙin yarda da abincin da ke ƙunshe da bitamin. Likita ne kawai zai iya tantance ko akwai karancin abu a jikinka ta hanyar gudanar da karatu na musamman. Koyaya, yayin da matakan B12 na jini suka kusanci mafi ƙarancin, wasu alamomi da rashin jin daɗi na iya faruwa. Abu mafi wahala a cikin wannan halin shine ka tantance ko jikin ka da gaske ba shi da bitamin B12, tunda rashi na iya zama kamar sauran cututtuka. Kwayar cututtuka na rashin bitamin B12 na iya haɗawa da:

  • bacin rai, zato, canjin hali, ta'adi;
  • rashin son rai, bacci, bacin rai;
  • , rage karfin basira, karancin kwakwalwa;
  • a cikin yara - jinkirin haɓaka, bayyanar autism;
  • abubuwan da ba a saba ji ba a gabobin jiki, rashin fahimtar yanayin jiki;
  • rauni;
  • canje-canje a hangen nesa, lalacewar jijiyar gani;
  • rashin nutsuwa;
  • matsalolin tsarin jijiyoyin zuciya (hare-haren ischemic ,,);
  • jijiyoyi masu zurfin ciki;
  • yawan gajiya, yawan sanyi, yawan cin abinci.

Kamar yadda kake gani, rashi na bitamin B12 na iya “ɓarna” a ƙarƙashin cututtuka da yawa, kuma duk saboda yana taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin aiki na kwakwalwa, tsarin juyayi, rigakafi, tsarin jini da samar da DNA. Wannan shine dalilin da ya sa ya zama dole a bincika matakin B12 a cikin jiki a ƙarƙashin kulawar likita da kuma tuntuɓar gwani game da nau'ikan maganin da ya dace.

Vitamin B12 an yi imanin yana da ƙarancin ƙarfin guba, sabili da haka, matakin cin iyaka da alamun ƙarancin bitamin ba a kafa su ta hanyar magani ba. An yi imanin cewa ƙarin bitamin B12 ana cire shi daga jiki da kansa.

Drug interactions

Wasu magunguna na iya shafar matakin bitamin B12 a jiki. Wadannan kwayoyi sune:

  • chloramphenicol (chloromycetin), kwayoyin kwayar cuta da ke shafar matakan bitamin B12 a wasu marasa lafiya;
  • kwayoyi da ake amfani dasu don magance ciki da reflux, zasu iya tsoma baki tare da shan B12, yana jinkirta sakin ruwan ciki;
  • metformin, wanda ake amfani dashi don magani.

Idan kuna shan waɗannan ko wasu magunguna akai-akai, ya kamata ku tuntuɓi likitanku game da tasirin su akan matakan bitamin da ma'adinai a jikin ku.

Mun tattara mahimman bayanai game da bitamin B12 a cikin wannan kwatancin kuma zamu yi godiya idan kuka raba hoton a kan hanyar sadarwar zamantakewa ko blog, tare da hanyar haɗi zuwa wannan shafin:

Bayanan bayanai
  1. Top 10 Vitamin B12 Abinci,
  2. B12 Rashin ƙarfi da Tarihi,
  3. Vitamin B12 Shawarwarin Shawara,
  4. Ra'ayoyin Kwamitin Kimiyya kan Abinci kan sake duba ƙimomin tunani game da lakabin abinci mai gina jiki,
  5. Groupungiyoyi a Hadarin Vitamin B12 ficarancin,
  6. cyanocobalamin,
  7. Vitamin B12. Kayan jiki da na sinadarai,
  8. Nielsen, Marianne & Rostved Bechshøft, Mie & Andersen, Christian & Nexø, Ebba & Moestrup, Soren. Vitamin B 12 jigila daga abinci zuwa ƙwayoyin jiki - Hanya madaidaiciya, madaidaiciya. Yanayi yana nazarin Gastroenterology & hepatology 9, 345-354,
  9. Ta yaya Jiki yake Amincewa da Vitamin B12?
  10. VITAMIN B12 GASKIYAR GASKIYA,
  11. USDA Abubuwan Abincin Abinci,
  12. Vitamin B12 a cikin ganyayyaki,
  13. Vitamin B12 mai wadataccen abinci don masu cin ganyayyaki,
  14. VITAMIN B12 AMFANI & AMFANI,
  15. Tormod Rogne, Myrte J. Tielemans, Mary Foong-Fong Chong, Chittaranjan S. Yajnik da sauransu. Associungiyoyi na Cutar Vitamin B12 na Ciki a cikin Ciki Tare da Haɗarin Haihuwar Ciki da Birtharancin Haihuwar :aramar: Nazarin Tsarin Mulki da Meta-Analysis na Dataan Mahalarta Bayanai. Jaridar Amurka ta Ilimin Cututtuka, Juzu'i na 185, Fitowa ta 3 (2017), Shafuka na 212-223. doi.org/10.1093/aje/kww212
  16. J. Firth, B. Stubbs, J. Sarris, S. Rosenbaum, S. Teasdale, M. Berk, AR Yung. Sakamakon bitamin da karin ma'adinai akan alamun cutar schizophrenia: nazari na yau da kullun da meta-bincike. Magungunan Ilimin Kimiyya, Volume 47, Fitowa ta 9 (2017), Shafuka 1515-1527. doi.org/10.1017/S0033291717000022
  17. Ingrid Kvestad da sauransu. Matsayin Vitamin B-12 a cikin ƙuruciya yana da alaƙa da ci gaba da aiki da hankali 5 y daga baya a cikin yaran Nepalese. Jaridar Amurkawa ta Clinical Nutrition, Juzu'i na 105, Fitowa ta 5, Shafi na 1122-1131, (2017). doi.org/10.3945/ajcn.116.144931
  18. Theodore M. Brasky, Emily White, Chi-Ling Chen. Amfani na Vitamin B na Tsawon lokaci, Supari, Oneaya daga cikin Carbon-mai alaƙa da Amfani da Dangantaka da Haɗarin cutar Canjin Huhu a cikin Bitamin da Rayuwa (VITAL). Jaridar Clinical Oncology, 35 (30): 3440-3448 (2017). doi.org/10.1200/JCO.2017.72.7735
  19. Nattagh-Eshtivani E, Sani MA, Dahri M, Ghalichi F, Ghavami A, Arjang P, Tarighat-Esfanjani A. Matsayi na abubuwan gina jiki a cikin kwayar cuta da kuma magance ciwon kai na ƙaura: Bincike. Biomedicine & Magungunan magani. Umeara 102, Yuni 2018, Shafuka 317-325 doi.org/10.1016/j.biopha.2018.03.059
  20. Abincin Abincin Abincin Vitamin,
  21. A. Mozafar. Inganta wasu bitamin B a cikin tsirrai tare da amfani da takin gargajiya. Shuka da ƙasa. Disamba 1994, Volume 167, Fitowa ta 2, shafi na 305-311 doi.org/10.1007/BF00007957
  22. Sally Pacholok, Jeffrey Stuart. Shin Zai Iya Zama B12? Annoba na Rashin Gano cuta. Buga na biyu. Quill Driver Littattafai. California, 2011. ISBN 978-1-884995-69-9.
Sake buga kayan

An hana amfani da kowane abu ba tare da rubutaccen izininmu ba.

Dokokin tsaro

Gudanarwar ba ta da alhakin kowane yunƙuri na amfani da kowane girke-girke, shawara ko abinci, kuma ba ta da tabbacin cewa bayanin da aka ƙayyade zai taimaka ko cutar da ku da kanku. Yi hankali kuma koyaushe tuntuɓi likitan da ya dace!

Karanta kuma game da sauran bitamin:

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