Top 10. Mafi kyawun ayyukan adabin duniya

Daga cikin duk ayyukan adabi na duniya, mutum zai iya yin jerin ɗaruruwa cikin sauƙi har ma da dubbai mafi kyau. Wasu daga cikinsu wajibi ne don yin karatu a makaranta, kun san wasu marubuta a cikin rayuwa mai hankali, kuma wani lokacin kuna ɗaukar ayyukan da kuka fi so a duk rayuwar ku. A kowace shekara sabbin litattafai da marubuta ba su da hazaka sukan fito, ana samun nasarar yin fim da yawa daga cikinsu, kuma da alama bugu na bugu sun zama tarihi. Amma, duk da wannan, mafi kyawun ayyukan wallafe-wallafen duniya koyaushe suna da ban sha'awa da dacewa ga mai karatu na zamani.

10 Girman kai da nuna wariya daga Jane Austen

A yau ana iya kiran wannan labari na mata, idan ba don fasaha da salon ban dariya na musamman na marubucin ba. Jane Austen daidai yake isar da duk yanayin da ya yi mulki a wancan lokacin a cikin al'ummar Ingila masu kima. Littafin ya tabo batutuwan da suka dawwama a koyaushe: tarbiyya, aure, ɗabi'a, ilimi. Littafin, wanda aka buga shekaru 15 kacal bayan an rubuta shi, ya kammala manyan ayyuka 10 mafi kyau na adabin duniya.

9. Babban Gatsby F. Scott Fitzgerald

Godiya ga littafin, mai karatu ya sami damar shiga cikin zamanin da ya gudana bayan yakin duniya na farko a Amurka. Wannan aikin wallafe-wallafen duniya ya bayyana ba wai kawai rayuwar masu hannu da shuni da rashin kulawa na matasan Amurka masu arziki ba, har ma da wani bangarensa. Marubucin ya nuna cewa protagonist na labari, Jay Gatsby, ya ɓata iyawarsa da kuzarin da ba za a iya mantawa da shi ba a kan buƙatun banza: rayuwar chic da mace mara kyau. Littafin ya sami farin jini na musamman a cikin 50s. A cikin ƙasashe masu magana da Ingilishi da yawa na duniya, aikin yana cikin tsarin wallafe-wallafen, wajibi ne don karatu.

8. "Lolita" VV Nabokov

Littafin ya dogara ne akan labarin dangantakar da ke tsakanin babban mutum cikin soyayya da yarinya 'yar shekara goma sha biyu. Rayuwar lalata ta protagonist Humbert da matashi Lolita baya kawo musu farin ciki kuma yana haifar da mummunan ƙarshe. An yi nasarar yin fim ɗin aikin sau da yawa kuma har yanzu ana ɗaukarsa ɗayan mafi kyau a cikin adabin duniya. Littafin abin kunya, wanda a lokaci guda ya kawo shahara da wadata ga marubucin, an dakatar da shi don bugawa a Faransa, Ingila, Afirka ta Kudu, Argentina, da New Zealand tsawon shekaru.

7. Hamlet William Shakespeare

Wannan shine ɗayan mafi kyawun ayyukan ba kawai adabi ba, har ma da wasan kwaikwayo na duniya. Shirin wasan kwaikwayo ya samo asali ne daga wani labari mai ban tausayi na wani basarake dan kasar Denmark wanda yake son daukar fansa a kan kawunsa kan kisan da aka yi wa mahaifinsa. Farkon samar da aikin akan mataki ya koma 1600. Shakespeare da kansa ya buga inuwar mahaifin Hamlet. An fassara bala'in fiye da sau 30 zuwa harshen Rashanci kadai. A cikin ƙasashe daban-daban na duniya, aikin ya gane kuma ya shahara duka a cikin wasan kwaikwayo na wasan kwaikwayo da kuma akan allon.

6. "Laifi da Hukunci" FM Dostoevsky

Mawallafin a cikin littafinsa na falsafa da tunani ya tabo batutuwan nagarta da mugunta, yanci, ɗabi'a da alhaki. Mawallafin aikin, Rodion Raskolnikov, ya yi kisan kai don kare dukiya mai yiwuwa, amma lamiri ya fara kama shi. Almajiri mabaraci ya fara boye kudinsa, sannan ya amsa laifinsa. An yanke wa Raskolnikov hukuncin shekaru takwas na aiki mai wuyar gaske, wanda ƙaunataccensa Sonya Marmeladova ya zo don taimaka masa. Ana buƙatar wannan aikin don yin karatu a cikin kwas ɗin adabin makaranta.

5. "Odyssey" Homer

Aiki na biyu na tsohon mawaƙin Helenanci Homer, wanda aka rubuta a ƙarni na XNUMX BC, ya nuna farkon duk adabin duniya. Aikin ya gaya game da rayuwar jarumi Odysseus, wanda ya koma Ithaca bayan yakin Trojan, inda matarsa ​​Penelope ke jiran shi. A kan hanyar, an yi wa jarumi-mafigata gargadi game da haɗari, amma sha'awar zama a gida tare da iyalinsa, da hankali, basira, basira, dabara na taimaka masa ya zama mai nasara a cikin yaƙe-yaƙe ya ​​koma ga matarsa. A cikin shekaru da yawa, an gane waƙar Homer a matsayin mafi kyau, a tsakanin sauran ayyukan adabin duniya.

4. "A cikin Neman Bataccen Lokaci" Marcel Proust

Babban aikin rayuwar marubucin zamani shine almara mai juzu'i bakwai, wanda ake kira ɗayan mafi kyawun ayyukan ƙarni na 1913. Duk litattafan da ke cikin zagayowar na ɗan lokaci ne. Misalin jaruman sun kasance mutane ne daga ainihin mahallin marubucin. An buga dukkan kundin a Faransa daga 1927 zuwa XNUMX, an buga uku na ƙarshe bayan mutuwar marubucin. Ana ɗaukar aikin a matsayin na adabin Faransanci, kuma an fassara shi zuwa yaruka da yawa na duniya.

3. "Madame Bovary" na Gustave Flaubert

Daya daga cikin muhimman ayyukan zamanin Realist an fara buga shi a Faransa a cikin 1856. Wani fasalin littafin shine amfani da abubuwa na dabi'ar adabi a rubuce-rubucensa. Marubucin ya bibiyi duk cikakkun bayanai a fili da halayen mutane ta yadda babu wasu halaye masu kyau da suka rage a cikin aikinsa kwata-kwata. Bisa ga yawancin wallafe-wallafen zamani, aikin "Madame Bovary" yana ɗaya daga cikin manyan uku a cikin wallafe-wallafen duniya. Wannan kuma ya lura da IS Turgenev, wanda ya kasance mai sha'awar aikin marubuci Gustave Flaubert.

2. "Yaki da Aminci" LN Tolstoy

Littafin almara na babban marubuci dan kasar Rasha LN Tolstoy tun daga lokacin da aka buga shi na farko har ya zuwa yau ana daukarsa a matsayin babban zane na adabin duniya. Littafin yana da ban mamaki a cikin girmansa. Aiki yana nuna rayuwar daban-daban na al'ummar Rasha a zamanin yakin Napoleon na 1905-1912. Marubucin, a matsayinsa na masanin ilimin halin dan adam, ya sami damar yin daidai da waɗannan siffofi a cikin halaye da halayen jarumansa. An san cewa rubutun hannu na novel ya fi shafuka dubu 5. An fassara aikin "Yaki da Zaman Lafiya" zuwa harsuna daban-daban na duniya kuma an yi fim fiye da sau 10.

1. Hidalgo Don Quixote na La Mancha na Miguel de Cervantes

Ana ɗaukar aikin da ke kan gaba a jerin mafi kyawun siyarwa a cikin adabin duniya. Babban halayen littafin, wanda marubucin Mutanen Espanya ya halitta, fiye da sau ɗaya ya zama samfurin ayyukan wasu mawallafa. Halin Don Quixote ya kasance yana ƙarƙashin kulawa sosai da kuma nazarin masu sukar adabi, masana falsafa, manyan adabin duniya da masu suka. An yi fim ɗin wasan kwaikwayon Cervantes game da abubuwan da suka faru na Don Quixote da Sancho Panza fiye da sau 50, kuma an buɗe gidan kayan gargajiya na zamani a Moscow don girmama jaruman.