Contents
Menene cirewar ido
– Ragewar ido cuta ce da ke haifar da raguwar gani har ma da asarar gani. Yana iya faruwa ko dai saboda karyewar kwayar ido, wanda ruwan intraocular ya fara zubowa a karkashinsa, ko kuma sakamakon ciwon sikila, yayin da aka samu girma tsakanin vitreous jiki da kwayar ido, sai ga jiki ya fara ja. , yana haifar da irin wannan rabuwar. Har ila yau, ciwon ido na iya faruwa idan akwai zubar jini a ƙarƙashinsa, ciwon daji ya riga ya zama na biyu, in ji shi. Dan takarar Kimiyyar Kiwon Lafiya, likitan ido na mafi girman nau'in Natalya Voroshilova.
Kamar yadda likitan ya bayyana, ƙaddamarwa na iya zama firamare da sakandare. Ana kiran ilimin asali na farko, wanda a cikin abin da ke faruwa ya kasance kafin fashewa, sannan kuma zubar da ruwa a karkashin retina da kuma cire wannan mafi mahimmancin membrane na ido. Ragewa na biyu yana tasowa a matsayin rikitarwa na kowane tsari na cututtuka - alal misali, saboda bayyanar neoplasm tsakanin retina da jijiyoyi na ido.
Akwai nau'ikan cirewar fiber da yawa:
- rhematogenous (yana nufin rupture) - yana faruwa ne saboda raguwa na retina;
- traction - yana faruwa saboda tashin hankali na nama na retinal daga gefen jikin vitreous;
- exudative - yana faruwa a lokacin da ruwa mai laushi ya shiga cikin sararin samaniya a karkashin retina, kuma karfin jini yana karuwa;
- gauraye - alal misali, nau'in traction-rhegmatogenous, wanda aka kafa rata akan bangon ƙwayar jikin vitreous.
Dalilin cirewar ido
Babban abin da ke haifar da cutar shine fashewar kwayar ido. Ta hanyar ratar da aka samu, ruwa daga jikin vitreous yana shiga ƙarƙashin retina kuma yana fitar da shi daga choroid. Ma’ana, akwai gutsurewar jikin vitreous lokacin da yanayinsa na al’ada ya canza.
Har ila yau, karyewar ido na iya faruwa idan ya yi siriri. Manyan hawaye sukan faru tare da raunin ido. Masanan ido kuma sun lura cewa cirewar fiber na iya faruwa har ma a cikin mutanen da ke da kyakkyawan hangen nesa da kuma waɗanda ba su taɓa samun matsalar ido ba. Dalilan na iya kasancewa matsananciyar motsa jiki da ƙarfi da girgiza jiki yayin tsalle da faɗuwa. Ana ba da shawarar ga mutanen da ke da kyawawan bayanan jiki da hangen nesa kada su rasa alƙawura na rigakafi tare da likitan ido da kuma kula da lafiyar idanunsu.
Alamomin ciwon ido
Da farko, cutar a cikin mutum asymptomatic, a nan gaba, retinal detachment na ido za a iya nuna ta:
- bayyanar "shafi" a gaban ido;
- walƙiya a cikin nau'i na tartsatsi da walƙiya;
- murdiya daga cikin la'akari haruffa, abubuwa, fadowa daga fagen view of su mutum sassan.
Wasu marasa lafiya kuma sun lura cewa hangen nesa ya lalace bayan barci. Gaskiyar ita ce, tare da a kwance a cikin jiki, retina ta koma wurinta, kuma idan mutum ya tashi, wato, ya ɗauki matsayi a tsaye, sai ya sake motsawa daga choroid kuma ya sake dawowa.
Maganin ciwon ido
Abin takaici, babu magungunan sihiri da digo da za su iya warkar da ciwon ido. Abinda ya rage shine tiyata. Likitoci sun bayyana cewa, da zarar an yi tiyatar, za a kara samun saurin dawo da hangen nesa da kuma ceton ido.
A lokacin aikin, likitan tiyata zai gano tsagewar ido, rufe shi kuma ya haifar da mannewa mai karfi tsakanin jijiyoyin jijiyoyin jijiyoyin jiki da na ido.
kanikancin
Don gano ciwon ido, lallai ya kamata ka tuntubi likitan ido. Likitan zai duba yanayin gani, bincika filin kallo, gudanar da bincike na musamman na electrophysiological don sanin yiwuwar ƙwayoyin jijiya na retina da jijiyar gani. Idan ya cancanta, Hakanan zaka iya gudanar da bincike ta amfani da duban dan tayi don tantance girman ƙwayar ido da kuma yanayin jikin vitreous da kuma bincika fundus (ophthalmoscopy) don tantance daidai wurin hutu na retinal da adadin su.
Sai bayan an gudanar da sakamakon, likita zai iya faɗi abin da aikin tiyata ya dace da mai haƙuri.
Magungunan zamani
Akwai nau'ikan tiyata da yawa, likita zai zaɓi ɗaya daga cikinsu dangane da takamaiman nau'in cirewa.
- Cikowar gida. Ana aiwatar da shi a cikin yankin fashewar ido a cikin waɗannan lokuta idan ya rabu da wani yanki;
- Cika madauwari. Ana amfani da shi a lokuta mafi tsanani lokacin da retina ta rabu gaba ɗaya kuma akwai raguwa da yawa;
- Vitrectomy. Wannan ita ce hanyar da ake cire jikin da ya canza daga ido kuma ana allurar daya daga cikin magungunan da ake bukata maimakon: Saline, Silicone Liquid, Perfluorocarbon compound a cikin nau'i na ruwa, ko kuma wani iskar gas na musamman wanda ke matse kwayar ido a kan ido. choroid daga ciki;
- Laser coagulation ko cryopexy don iyakance yankin rupture da bakin ciki na retina;
- Retinopoxy. Ana yin ta ta amfani da ƙananan kusoshi na sapphire na musamman don gyara tsagewar gefen idon ido idan ya sami karɓuwa mai girma.
Rigakafin ciwon ido a gida
Ragewar ido yana da haɗari mai rikitarwa na myopia, da kuma cututtukan da ke da alaƙa da shekaru ko na gado na ido. Hanyar rigakafin cutar ita ce a tuntuɓi likita a kan lokaci don gunaguni kuma kada a rasa gwajin rigakafi.
Har ila yau, ya kamata a lura cewa ko da bayan aikin tiyata na ƙwayar ido na ido, sake dawowa na iya faruwa. Idan kun riga kun ci karo da irin wannan matsala kuma ba ku son sake saduwa da ku, to kuna buƙatar yin cikakken bincike na retina ta hanyar babban almajiri ta hanyar ƙwararrun masani ta amfani da kayan aiki na musamman kuma, idan ya cancanta, rigakafin coagulation laser na retina.
Likitocin ido kuma suna ba da shawara ga mata masu juna biyu da likitoci su lura da su - duk tsawon lokacin ciki akalla sau biyu, a farkon ciki da ƙarshen ciki. Bayan haihuwar yaro, ya kamata a duba mahaifiyar ta likitan ido ba a baya bayan watanni 1-3 ba.
Shahararrun tambayoyi da amsoshi
comments Natalia Voroshilova, PhD, likitan ido na mafi girman nau'in: