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Punch (daga yaren Hindi naushi - biyar) ƙungiya ce mai zafi, ƙonawa, ko sanyin hadaddiyar giyar da ke ɗauke da 'ya'yan itacen sabo ko gwangwani da ruwan' ya'yan itace. Tsakanin abubuwan giya a cikin shirye -shiryen naushi akwai rum, giya, Grappa, brandy, arrack, claret, barasa, da vodka. A al'ada, ana shirya abin sha a cikin manyan kwantena kuma ana ba da su a liyafa da bukukuwa. Ƙarfin abin sha ya bambanta daga 15 zuwa kusan 20. da abun cikin sukari na 30 zuwa 40%. Shahararrun girke -girken naushi shine "rum na Caribbean," "Barbados," da "Shuka."
Nauyin farko ya fara shiri a Indiya. Ya ƙunshi shayi, rum, ruwan lemun tsami, sukari, da ruwa. Sun dafa shi da zafi. Masu aikin jirgin ruwan kamfanin shayi na Burtaniya a farkon karni na 17 sun yaba da abin sha. Sun kawo girkin naushi a Ingila, inda ya bazu ko'ina cikin Turai. Koyaya, sun dafa shi dangane da giya da giya saboda jita -jita tana da tsada kuma abin sha. A ƙarshen karni na 17, jita -jita ta zama mai araha, kuma abin sha ya koma ga girke -girke na gargajiya.
A halin yanzu, adadin girke -girke ya zama babba. A wasu girke -girke, ana maye gurbin naushi da zuma, kuma suna ƙara kayan yaji daban -daban da ganye. A sakamakon haka, kalmar "naushi" ta sami sifar gida, haɗe da irin abubuwan sha.
Don yin ƙwanƙwasa a gida, ya kamata ka tuna mainan manyan asirin:
- a cikin abubuwan giya ba su zubar da ruwan zafi mai yawa - wannan na iya haifar da asarar dandano saboda lalacewar mahimman mai;
- kafin a kara ruwa a sha, sai a hada shi da suga ko zuma a barshi ya huce;
- don dumama, yakamata kayi amfani da enamelware na ruwan inabi don keɓance yiwuwar halayen maye gurbi da ƙarfe;
- abin da aka gama sha kuna buƙatar dumi har zuwa 70 ° C kuma kuyi aiki a cikin tabarau masu saurin zafi;
- 'Ya'yan itace da kayan yaji a kwalban dole ne su fada cikin gilashin.
Kayan girke-girke na gargajiya don naushi shine abin sha dangane da rum (kwalba 1), jan giya (kwalabe 2), lemun tsami da lemu (Kwamfutoci 2), sukari (200 g), kayan yaji (kirfa, cloves, da sauransu), da ruwa (1 l). Dole ne ruwan ya tafasa, ya daɗa sukari, ya huce zuwa 50 ° C. 'ya'yan itace daya da, tare da kayan ƙanshi, ƙara cikin mai kusan kusan tafasasshen jan giya. Hakanan, zuba sabon ruwan 'ya'yan itace na sauran' ya'yan itacen biyu. Ruwan inabi da ruwa suka zuba a kwanon naushi. Don ƙirƙirar yanayi a saman kwanon, zaku iya shigar da matattara tare da cubes da yawa na sukari, yayyafa su da rum da wuta. Sugar za ta narke ta diga ƙasa, tana ƙona abin sha duka. Zuba shi a naushi har sai wutar ta ƙone.
Ba a yin naushi don amfani da wasu jita-jita, don haka ana ɗaukar su a matsayin abin sha don liyafa tare da kayan ciye-ciye. Zuba ɓangaren naushi a cikin ladle na musamman 200-300 ml.
Amfanin naushi
Babban fa'idar naushi shine ikonsa na dumama jiki bayan fallasa. Ana amfani dashi wajen rigakafin alamomin mura, musamman a lokacin hunturu.
Naushi tare da rum ko brandy suna dauke da ethyl alcohol, tannins, da kuma abubuwa masu aiki da ilimin halitta. Waɗannan abubuwan sha suna da cututtukan kumburi da antioxidant, suna motsa abinci, faɗaɗa magudanan jini, da sauƙaƙe ƙananan zafin ciwo.
Naushi da ke ƙunshe da zuma, sautin da ƙara ƙarfi, amma tsarin juyayi da ke cike da farin ciki, wannan abin sha zai huce. Bayan haka, zai sami ƙarin kayan antibacterial da anti-inflammatory.
Ruwan 'ya'yan itace,' ya'yan itace, da 'ya'yan itace, waɗanda aka yi amfani dasu azaman fil don naushi, wadatar da bitamin, ma'adinai, da abubuwan alamomi.
Bugu da ƙari ga girke-girke na giya, zaku iya dafa faranti mara ƙoshin giya wanda ya danganci ruwan rumman. Wannan yana buƙatar ruwan ma'adinai mai ƙyalƙyali ya zuba a cikin kafe; a can, ƙara sabbin ruwan 'ya'yan rumman guda 2 cikakke. Ruwan lemu ya kasu kashi biyu: daya don matsa ruwan 'ya'yan itace ya zuba a cikin datti, na biyun kuma a yanka a cikin yanka sannan a aika da su. Kuna iya ƙara ruwan 'ya'yan lemun tsami 1 da sukari (2-3 tbsp). Wannan naushi ba wai kawai yana wartsakewa ba amma kuma yana da amfani sosai.
Lahani na naushi da contraindications
Punch, wanda ya hada da zuma da kayan yaji, ya kamata ayi taka tsan-tsan wajen amfani da shi ga mutanen da ke da saurin kamuwa da cutar.
Shaye-shaye an hana su ga mata masu juna biyu, masu shayarwa, yara 'yan ƙasa da shekaru 18, da kuma mutanen da ke yin ababen hawa.
Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa
Wani masanin naushi tabbas zai faɗi cewa daman na dama ya ƙunshi abubuwa 5. Kuma zai yi daidai, ee. Amma kawai sashi. A cewar wani fasalin, wani bakon mash na brandy, ruwan zafi, sukari, lemun tsami, da kayan yaji (a cewar wani fasalin, maimakon kayan yaji asalin shayi ne) ya ceci matukan jirgin Burtaniya daga tsananin kunci da kunci a Kamfanin East India. Babu alamar giya sosai, don haka dole ne su dumama ta kuma su yi hadaddiyar giyar ba za su yi hauka ba kuma su sha giya kaɗan (kodayake wasu masu jirgin ruwa sun yi iƙirarin cewa sun zo da wannan duka musamman don narkar da alamar). Mai yiwuwa mutane da yawa sun karanta a Wikipedia cewa paantsch a cikin Sanskrit na nufin “biyar.”
Me yasa brandy kuma ba rum? Rum bai bayyana ba sai ƙarni na 18 - masu jirgin ruwa ba za su iya jiran shekaru 200 ba.
Duk inda masu jirgin ruwan Burtaniya suka zo, suna shirya naushi daga abin da ke hannun. Shahararren girke-girke na abin sha daga tsibirin Bermuda na Barbados ya ƙunshi sinadarai 4: sashi ɗaya na ruwan lemon, ɓangarorin sukari 1, ɓangarorin 2 na rum, ɓangarorin ruwa 3. Labari ne game da shi, kamar haka: “ofaya daga cikin Soanshi, Biyu mai Zaƙi, Uku masu ,arfi, Fouran raunana.”
Fresco game da naushi
Punching bai canza ba tunda Kamfanin Indiya na Gabas. Sabis na ladabi: babban kwano naushi, a cikin mafi kyawun gidaje - wanda aka yi da ainzi ko azurfa, a cikin masu tawali'u - aƙalla masu sheki, ladle tare da madaidaiciyar madafa da kofuna da yawa, ga duk mahalarta bikin. Kwanon Punch, a hanya, watakila shine mafi kyawun kyautar bikin aure. Akwai shawarar da kar a siyo kofi da kanka a cikin littattafai da yawa don masu gida na nan gaba na ƙarni na 19 saboda tabbas ɗayan dangi zai ba shi. Zai fi kyau saya ƙarin rum! Ko da irin wannan halin ne mai rauni, kada mutane su yi tunanin mutane sun yi amfani da wannan kwanon naushi ne kawai don naushi. Misali, Furotesta sun yiwa yaransu baftisma. Amma ba a cikin cider ba, kamar yadda 'yan ƙarni da suka gabata.
Shahararren mujallar barkwanci da barkwanci a Biritaniya, wacce ta kasance tsakanin 1841 zuwa 2002, ana kiranta Punch. Ya nuna Charles Dickens, wanda, a hanya, cikin ƙwarewa ya shirya naushi a bukukuwan gida.
A cikin 1930, yara maza uku na Hawaii sun yi aiki a cikin gareji akan sabbin toppings ice cream. Mafi nasara ya ƙunshi 'ya'yan itatuwa 7 a lokaci guda: apples, abarba, innabi, lemu, apricots, gwanda, da guavas (da kyau, me yasa?). Ƙananan haƙoran haƙora ba sa siyan ice cream a kowace rana, don haka sun nuna basira kuma sun narkar da topping da ruwa. Manyan masu hankali dole suyi daidai, amma tare da vodka da giya. Duk da haka, hadaddiyar giyar Hawaiian ba bugun gargajiya bane, amma, don yin magana, sigar babba ta cakuɗar yara.
Kwano kwano
Mugayen shekarun 90s ba kawai tare da mu bane amma har ma, misali, a Bubble Yum. Bayan gwada dukkan abubuwan dandano da dabarun talla, ɗayan sanannen sanannen cingam ba zai iya yin gasa da sababbin abubuwan dandano ba. Kuma a sa'an nan suka saki Hawan ɗan naushi na ɗanɗano kuma suka zauna a can har kusan shekaru goma.
An yi shi ko'ina, har ma a cikin USSR. Kawai bai kasance naushi sosai ba. Daidai daidai, abin sha mai daɗi da tsami ko abin sha mai ƙarfi tare da ƙarfin 17-19%. Sun haɗa da barasa ethyl, ruwa, ruwan 'ya'yan itace, da kayan yaji. Masana'antun sun ba da shawarar a narkar da shi da shayi ko ruwan carbonated, amma ba shakka, kusan babu wanda ya yi hakan. Daga cikin abubuwan dandano sun shahara, alal misali, '' Cherry '' naushi, kazalika da '' Honeysuckle, '' '' Alice, '' '' Wine '' tare da tashar jiragen ruwa da cognac, '' Cognac '' tare da giya, da kuma '' Assorted (vitaminized) '' tare da kwatangwalo na fure. Akwai ma "Kyiv" tare da bawon lemo da "Polisky" tare da cranberries da baƙar fata.
Hakanan ƙasashen Scandinavia ma suna da naushi - misali, Swedasar Sweden, alal misali, suna kiranta bål. Kuma akwai barasa na gari, wanda Sweden guda ɗaya saboda wasu dalilai da ake kira naushi. Wanene ya san cewa bugun na gaske ya kasance kamar palenka na Gogol fiye da giyar Sweden.
Mace shirya naushi
John Steinbeck yana da bugun viperine a cikin Rikicin Rasha, wanda kuma aka sani da Viper punch - “caustic cakuda vodka da ruwan innabi - abin tuni mai ban mamaki na lokutan bushewar doka.” Gabaɗaya ana yin whae na Koriya daga persimmon, ginger, da ruwan kirfa. Jamusawa suna bauta wa Feuerzangenbowle don Kirsimeti - abin sha na ruwan inabi da rum (ana zuba rum akan kan sukari kuma an kunna wuta akan gilashin giya).
A Brazil, naushi shine cakuda farin giya da ruwan peach. Akwai nau'ikan girke-girke iri biyu a Meziko: na gargajiya na jita-jita na gargajiya da agua loca (“ruwan mahaukaci”), mashahurin abin sha mai laushi ga ɗalibai waɗanda aka yi daga abin sha mai ɗanɗano mai ɗanɗano, sukari mai gwangwani, da mezcal ko tequila.
A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, a Amurka, mashahuri shine cider punch - zafi cider tare da kayan yaji da zuma. Masu gwaji suna ƙara calvados ko liqueur apple a cikin abin sha.
