Psychosis

Janar bayanin cutar

 

Wannan cuta ce, cuta ce ta rashin hankali wanda mutum yake keta alfarmar ma'anar gaskiyar. Hakan na iya kasancewa tare da ra'ayoyi iri-iri, ruɗu, sauyawar yanayi mai tsananin gaske, zurfafawa da rikicewa, yanayi na baƙin ciki mai tsanani, ɓacin rai, ko akasin haka - tashin hankali da ba a sarrafawa. A cikin hauka, ana kiyaye rikice-rikice a cikin hanyoyin tunani. Hankali mai mahimmanci game da yanayin raɗaɗin mutum kwata-kwata baya nan. A cikin maganganun hauka, mutum na iya gani, jin wani abu da babu shi, kuma yayi imani da shi. A wasu lokuta, waɗannan alamun na iya sa shi mai da hankali ga wasu ko cutar da kansa. Wannan ma'anar galibi ana danganta ta da cutar schizophrenia. Kodayake ba iri daya bane, kasancewar tabin hankali, tare da sauran alamomin, daya ne daga cikin mahimman sharuɗɗan cutar sankara.[1].

Abubuwan da ke haifar da tabin hankali

Doctors da masana kimiyya har yanzu suna nazarin tambayar me yasa mutane ke haifar da tabin hankali. Amma dalilai da dalilai da dama an riga an gano cewa, a daidaiku ko a hade, na iya yin tasiri ga ci gaban cutar.

  • Genetics. Yawancin kwayoyin halitta na iya haifar da tabin hankali. Amma a lokaci guda, kasancewar wannan ko kuma kwayar halittar cikin sauki a cikin mutum ba cikakken tabbaci bane cewa mutum zai kamu da wannan cuta.
  • Cutar hankali.Wani mummunan lamari, kamar mutuwar ƙaunataccen mutum, yaƙi, ko cin zarafin mata, na iya haifar da wani halin tashin hankali. Nau'in rauni, lalacewar da yake haifarwa, da kuma shekarun mutum, suna tasiri ko abin da ya faru na bala'i zai haifar da hauka.
  • Amfani da ƙwayoyi da barasa. LSD, marijuana, amfetamines da sauran magunguna, da shan giya na iya haɓaka haɗarin saurin ci gaban hauka a cikin mutanen da suka riga sun kamu da cutar.
  • Rashin lafiyar jiki ko rauni.Lalacewar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa ko ciwace-ciwacen jini, bugun jini, HIV, da wasu cututtukan ƙwaƙwalwa kamar cutar Parkinson, cutar Alzheimer da kuma cutar ƙwaƙwalwa na iya haifar da hauka.
  • Shekarun samari.Matasa da matasa suna cikin haɗarin fuskantar wani abu na tabin hankali saboda canjin yanayin cikin kwakwalwar su wanda ke faruwa yayin balaga.

Wani lokaci psychosis yana tasowa azaman takamaiman yanayi a cikin wasu rikice-rikice: schizophrenia, rashin ciki, rashin lafiyar bipolar[3]… Mun mayar da hankali ga wannan a cikin ɓangaren labarin da aka keɓe don nau'ikan tabin hankali.

Kwayar cututtukan kwakwalwa

Ilimin hauka yawanci baya bunkasa kwatsam. Koyaya, a farkon matakan, alamun na iya zama da dabara. Wasu lokuta bayyananninta ba su da bambanci da waɗancan halayen halayyar da ke faruwa a cikin samari a cikin lokacin canji, sabili da haka ci gaban cutar yana da wahalar lura. A ƙa'ida, mutane na kusa, dangi sune farkon waɗanda zasu iya shaidar bayyanar wasu karkacewa.

 

Alamomin farko na tabin hankali sun hada da:

  • Decreaseararrawa mai faɗakarwa cikin aiki, kasala;
  • Difficulty concentrating
  • Zato ko damuwa;
  • Rashin son kulawa, tsabtar kai;
  • Bada lokaci mai yawa akan abubuwan da aka sani, wanda mutum yasha fama da sauri da sauri;
  • Strongarfi, motsin zuciyar da bai dace ba, ko akasin haka - rashin rashi irin wannan[2].

Alamun cutar ci gaba na iya bambanta daga mutum zuwa mutum. Wasu lokuta ma mai haƙuri ɗaya na iya fuskantar alamun da aka lissafa a lokaci ɗaya ko sauya lokaci-lokaci. Don haka, wadannan alamu ne na yau da kullun na psychosis:

  • Ra'ayin da ba daidai ba. Beliefsarya, imanin marasa hankali baya canzawa koda bayan shaidar da aka bayar kuma ba wasu mutane daga al'adunsu ɗaya suka raba su ba.
  • Mafarki. Mutum na iya gani, ji, ji, dandana ko ƙanshin abin da ba da gaske ba. Abubuwan da aka fi sani a lokacin tunanin mutum shine muryoyi, waɗanda ke ba da shawarar wani abu mara kyau.
  • Tunanin da ya rikice Tunani da magana na iya rikicewa ko raguwa. Mutumin da ke da tabin hankali na iya ruɗar da kalmomi ko amfani da su ta hanyoyi daban-daban, ƙirƙirar sababbi, amfani da jumloli masu gauraya, ko sauya magana akai-akai. Hakanan suna iya samun matsalolin ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya.
  • Halin rikicewa. Mutumin da ke da tabin hankali na iya zama cikin damuwa, yin yara, yin gunaguni ko rantsewa, ko yin wasu halaye marasa kyau, marasa dacewa. Suna iya yin watsi da tsabtace kansu da ayyukan gida. A cikin yanayi mai tsanani, zasu iya daina amsawa ga duniyar da ke kewaye dasu.[4].

Nau'in tabin hankali

Rarraba psychosis yana da yawa sosai. Ta asali da dalilan bayyanar su, sun kasu kashi zuwa kungiyoyi masu zuwa:

  • Endogenous - wanda sanadin ciki yake haifarwa, cututtukan jiki;
  • Somatogenous - dangane da cutar rashin lafiya;
  • Psychogenic - tasowa sakamakon tsarin tunanin mutum wanda ke faruwa a cikin jiki;
  • Kwayoyin halitta - lalacewa ta hanyar cututtukan kwakwalwa;
  • Mai maye - ci gaba ne sakamakon fallasa shi zuwa wasu abubuwa masu guba (ƙwayoyi masu narkewa ko giya, magunguna, guba na masana'antu) da sauransu.

Bugu da kari, za a iya rarraba halayyar kwakwalwa bisa ga mafi yawan alamun bayyanar cututtuka. depressive, mutum, hypochondriacal da sauransu, gami da hadewar su (misali, bakin ciki manic).

Tunda yake yawancin lokuta ana iya haɗuwa da wasu cututtuka ko yanayin ɗabi'a, ana rarraba waɗannan cututtukan a matsayin nau'ikan psychosis:

 
  1. 1 Schizophrenia - rikicewar hankali wanda ke tattare da tunani da ɗabi'a mara kyau, wanda galibi ya haɗa da ruɗi da hangen nesa. Alamomin tabin hankali da mawuyacin halin zamantakewar jama'a ko na rashin aiki ya ci gaba na tsawon watanni shida.
  2. 2 Ciwon Schizophrenic: Kwayar cututtukan suna kama da sikhizophrenia amma suna ci gaba har tsawon wata daya zuwa shida.
  3. 3 Rashin lafiyar Schizoaffective - ya haɗu da alamun duka schizophrenia da cuta mai rikitarwa, tare da matakan tunani mara kyau da rikicewar yanayin motsin rai.
  4. 4 Rashin hankali - ya haɗa da ƙarfi, imani na ƙarya (yaudara). Yawancin lokaci babu yawan mafarki. Baya ga tasirin yaudara, aikin halayyar mutum zai iya zama mai rauni sosai, kuma halayyar ta zama baƙon abu a bayyane. Koyaya, a wasu yanayi, ruɗi ya isa ya haifar da matsaloli tare da rayuwar yau da kullun.
  5. 5 Activewayar kwakwalwa - yana bayyana kanta a lokacin lokacin amfani da kwayoyi ko amfani da giya, na iya ɓacewa bayan dakatar da aikin abubuwan. A wasu lokuta, psychosis ya ci gaba bayan asalin abin da ya haifar da psychosis. Wannan galibi ana ganinsa azaman tasirin kwayoyi masu motsa jiki kamar methamphetamine (“tic”).
  6. 6 Dementia - rashin hankali, rashin kwarewar ilmi daga ilmi sakamakon tabarbarewar ilimin lissafi a cikin yanayin kwakwalwa, kamar ciwon kai, kanjamau, ciwon baya, cutar Alzheimer ko ciwan kwakwalwa.
  7. 7 Bipolar cuta - yanayin lafiyar hankali wanda ke shafar yanayi. Mutumin da ke fama da rikice-rikicen jini yana canzawa tsakanin yanayi biyu masu bambancin gaske - ɓacin rai, da kuma tsananin tashin hankali, farin ciki - mania.
  8. 8 Raƙuri mai tsanani - wasu mutanen da ke fama da baƙin ciki suma suna da alamun cututtukan ƙwaƙwalwa, waɗanda ke bayyana a lokacin lokutan tsananin damuwa[3].
  9. 9 Bayanan hauka - yana bunkasa cikin watanni shida bayan haihuwa. Wannan yawanci wani ɓangare ne na mummunan yanayin rikicewar yanayi, canjin hormonal.
  10. 10 delirium - alamomin tabin hankali na iya zama wani ɓangare na mummunan rikice rikice wanda ke faruwa sakamakon wani mummunan rashin lafiya kamar su sankarau, sepsis, ko kuma bayan kamuwa da cutar farfadiya.
  11. 11 Takaitaccen labarin halin kirki - cututtukan ƙwaƙwalwa suna bayyana ba zato ba tsammani don amsawa ga al'amuran rayuwar da aka sani da matukar damuwa. Wannan galibi abin haka yake ga waɗanda aka yi wa rauni. Kwayar cutar na iya zama mai tsanani amma gajere daga kwana ɗaya zuwa wata ɗaya.
  12. 12 Siswayar kwakwalwa saboda lafiyar gaba ɗaya - alamomi masu tabin hankali na iya faruwa sakamakon cututtukan ƙwaƙwalwa, farfadiya da sauran cututtuka na yau da kullun[5].

Matsalolin psychosis

Kasancewa cikin yanayin tabin hankali na tsawon lokaci yana matukar rage darajar rayuwar dan adam. Saboda yawan tunani, tunanin mafarki, damuwa ko halin takaici, tunanin cutar da kanka ko wasu, ko ma kashe kansa na iya tashi.

Hakanan mutanen da ke da tabin hankali suna iya fuskantar shan ƙwaya ko shan barasa. Wasu suna amfani da waɗannan abubuwa a matsayin hanya don magance ko raba alamun bayyanar cututtuka. Koyaya, shan ƙwayoyi na iya haifar da cututtukan ƙwaƙwalwa da kuma haifar da wasu matsalolin lafiya.

Rigakafin psychosis

Kaico, tabin hankali ba koyaushe ake hana shi ba. Misali, schizophrenia yana haifar da hadewar abubuwanda suka shafi rayuwa, halayyar mutum da kuma muhalli wadanda ba koyaushe muke iya aiki dasu ba. Amma a wasu lokuta, zamu iya yin tasiri ga ci gaban tabin hankali: misali, daina shan kwayoyi da barasa, wanda ke haifar da ci gaban cutar. Ko kuma don rarraba nauyin halayyar mutum a gida da kuma wurin aiki don kar a sami babban matsi na damuwa, da rage tasirin mummunan yanayin da ke cikin kwakwalwarmu. Kuma idan akwai mawuyacin yanayi ko alamu masu firgitarwa, koyaushe zaka iya juyawa zuwa masanin halayyar dan adam wanda zai taimake ka ka magance dalilan da kuma jure mawuyacin lokaci a rayuwa, ka hana shi ci gaba da zama mummunan rashin hankali.

Hakanan yana da mahimmanci don samun goyon baya daga ƙaunatattun waɗanda zasu iya lura da alamun gargaɗin, taimaka muku juya zuwa ga gwani don taimako.

Ganewar asali na tabin hankali

Gano cutar da wuri yana taimakawa inganta sakamakon lokaci mai tsawo kuma yana ba da damar samun magani. Koyaya, matsalar ta ta'allaka ne da wahalar gano tabin hankali a matakan farko na ci gabanta. Cutar na iya ci gaba sannu a hankali a cikin watanni da yawa ko ma shekaru kafin alamun cutar su zama sananne.

Masanan hauka sun ƙaddamar da shawarwari game da tsarin kiwon lafiya, bisa ga abin da ya kamata a yi wa mutane cikakken bayani game da kasancewar hauka, a cikinsu:

  • tabarbarewar aiki a makaranta ko a wajen aiki;
  • bayyanar da keɓancewar jama'a;
  • bayyanar da takaici, damuwa, dalilan da basa iya bayyanawa.

Babu gwaje-gwajen nazarin halittu ko gwaje-gwaje don tantance tabin hankali. Za a iya gudanar da bincike a dakin gwaje-gwaje kawai don ware wasu matsalolin kiwon lafiya wadanda za su iya haifar da bayyanar cututtukan da ke halayyar hauka, kazalika da kebe maye ko guba tare da abubuwa masu guba.

Psychosis an fara gano shi ta hanyar binciken asibiti da tarihi - likita yana bincika mai haƙuri kuma yayi tambaya game da alamun su, abubuwan da suka faru, tunani da ayyukan yau da kullun. Hakanan yana bayyana ko akwai masu cutar rashin hankali a cikin iyali.

Wani lokacin sanya lantarki - yana rikodin aikin lantarki na kwakwalwa kuma yana taimakawa kawar da yaudara, rauni na kai ko farfadiya kamar yadda zai iya haifar da alamun cututtukan ƙwaƙwalwa[6].

Jiyya na psychosis a cikin al'ada magani

Jiyya na wannan cuta a cikin likitancin hukuma ya haɗa da matakai masu zuwa:

  • Shan magungunan tabin hankali - suna taimakawa sauƙaƙe alamun cututtukan ƙwaƙwalwa, amma ba za su iya warkarwa ko kawar da ainihin dalilin ba.
  • Ilimin halin dan Adam - aikin mutum tare da likitan kwantar da hankali, kawar da mummunan sakamakon abubuwan da suka faru. A yayin karatun, an tabbatar da cewa shigar da dangi, dangi, abokai na mai haƙuri zuwa wannan maganin ya kawo sakamako mai kyau kuma ya rage buƙata na rashin jinyar marasa lafiya.
  • Taimakon jama'a - fasali da aiwatar da bukatun zamantakewar dan adam, kamar ilimi, aikin yi, da sauransu.

Bayan wani al'amari na tabin hankali ya faru, yawancin mutanen da suka ji daɗi bayan shan magani ya kamata su ci gaba da shan maganin kamar yadda likitansu ya umurta aƙalla shekara guda. Kusan 50% na mutane suna buƙatar shan magani a kan dogon lokaci don hana bayyanar cututtuka daga sake dawowa.

Idan al'amuran mutum na da lahani sosai kuma suna iya haifar da babbar illa a gare su ko waɗanda ke kusa da su, ana iya shigar da mara lafiyar asibitin mahaukata don magani.[6].

Lafiya abinci don psychosis

Akwai abinci da yawa waɗanda zasu iya jimre wa damuwa da haɓaka yanayi. Muna ba da jerin abinci waɗanda ke taimakawa haifar da haɓakar jiki na hormone na farin ciki - serotoninMade Ana yin sa ne daga wani amino acid mai suna tryptophan, wanda muke samu daga abinci. Hakanan, samar da tryptophan yana taimakawa ta abinci wanda ke dauke da bitamin B, C, da zinc da magnesium. Tabbas suna buƙatar saka su cikin abincin.

  • Qwai - ya ƙunshi bitamin A, D, E, tryptophan, sunadarai. Zai fi kyau a ci su dafaffe.
  • Kifi - ya ƙunshi babban adadin bitamin D, tryptophan, fatty acid. Ƙara rigakafi, yana taimakawa wajen inganta yanayi.
  • Ja, kayan lambu da 'ya'yan itatuwa - kabewa, lemu, barkono kararrawa, karas, innabi, gwoza - duk waɗannan abincin suna taimakawa wajen sake yanayi mai kyau, kuma suna ɗauke da bioflavonoids, waɗanda suke da amfani sosai don zagayawar jini a cikin kwakwalwa.
  • Ayaba tana daya daga cikin ingantattun magunguna na rage yawan damuwa. Ku ci ayaba 1 a rana, saboda suna ɗauke da alkaloid harman, wanda ya dogara da mescaline, abin da ake kira “magani na farin ciki.”
  • Kayan yaji - cardamom, star anise, nutmeg suna da kyau don yaƙar damuwa. Koyaya, kayan yaji na iya samun contraindications masu alaƙa da wasu, halayen jiki na jiki - tabbas kuna buƙatar sanin kanku da su kafin amfani.

Maganin gargajiya don tabin hankali

  1. 1 Lemon balm broth magani ne mai daɗi kuma mai amfani don yaƙar tabin hankali. Zuba cokali biyu na busasshen ganyen lemun tsami tare da 500 ml na ruwan zãfi, a bar shi a cikin akwati da aka rufe na awanni 2, a tace sannan a sha wannan ƙara a cikin allurai 3 a rana.
  2. 2 Jiko na Valerian - dole ne a dage tushen bushewa a cikin ruwan da aka tafasa cikin dare, sannan a kawo cakuda a tafasa, a sanyaya, a tace sannan a ɗauki cokali 3 sau 1 a rana. Af, Hakanan zaka iya shirya wanka mai kwantar da hankali daga tushen valerian. Don lita 10 na ruwa, yi amfani da 300 ml na tushen tushen ƙarfi. Yana da sauƙin shirya shi - dole ne a zuba gram 40 na busasshen busasshen busasshen ruwa tare da lita na ruwa kuma a dafa shi akan wuta mai zafi na mintina 15. Sannan a tace sannan a zuba a cikin wanka.
  3. 3 Hop cones a cikin maganin gargajiya ana kuma daukar su ingantacciyar hanyar yaƙi da hauka. Don yin wannan, 1 tbsp. Cones yana buƙatar a zubar da shi tare da gilashin ruwan zãfi, bar shi ya yi kusan awa ɗaya, sannan kuma a ɗanɗar da broth ɗin a ɗauka a cikin 2 tbsp. Sau 3 a rana.
  4. 4 Karas ko ruwan 'ya'yan karas sune ingantattun magunguna na baƙin ciki. Kuna buƙatar cinye gram 100-200 na wannan kayan lambu kowace rana, ko sha gilashin ruwan 'ya'yan itace akai-akai.
  5. 5 Tushen Ginseng ko busasshen ganye ya kamata a zuba shi da ruwan zafi a cikin rabo na 1:10, a zuba na tsawon awowi, sannan a ɗauki 1 tsp. a rana.
  6. 6 Wani magani wanda ke taimakawa don jimre wa rikicewar jijiyoyin shine jiko ruhun nana. Kuna buƙatar zuba 1 tbsp. busassun ganye tare da gilashin ruwan zãfi, tafasa na mintina 5-7, bari ya huce, ya huce ya sha kofuna 0,5 sau biyu a rana - da safe da yamma.
  7. 7 Bambaro na iya zama tanki da tanki don ɓacin rai. Don yin wannan, zuba 3 tbsp. tablespoons na yankakken bambaro 500 ml na ruwan zãfi, bar shi daga for 1-2 hours, sa'an nan kuma sha wannan girma a kananan rabo a ko'ina cikin yini[7].

Abinci mai haɗari da cutarwa don hauka

Babu takunkumin hana abinci mai tsauri ga mutanen da ke fama da tabin hankali. Koyaya, yana da kyau a daina shaye-shaye, abincin da ke da lahani masu ƙarfi ga tsarin mai juyayi. Misali:

  • Kofi - yana ƙaruwa ayyukan tsarin juyayi.
  • Shaye-shaye, ƙwayoyi - yana shafar aikin ƙwaƙwalwa ƙwarai, yana haifar da tashin hankali na tunani da motsa jiki, ƙarfafa alamun alamun hauka, kuma yana iya haifar da tashin hankali.
  • Adadin adadi mai yawa, musamman cakulan, saboda sukari wani mai kunnawa ne mai juyayi. Ya kamata a rage adadin abin da yake ci, ko ma mafi kyau, zaƙi ko kek a cikin abincin ya kamata a maye gurbinsu da zaƙi masu amfani - alal misali, busassun 'ya'yan itatuwa ko jelly.
 
Sake buga kayan

An hana amfani da kowane abu ba tare da rubutaccen izininmu ba.

Dokokin tsaro

Gudanarwar ba ta da alhakin kowane yunƙuri na amfani da kowane girke-girke, shawara ko abinci, kuma ba ta da tabbacin cewa bayanin da aka ƙayyade zai taimaka ko cutar da ku da kanku. Yi hankali kuma koyaushe tuntuɓi likitan da ya dace!

Hankali!

Gwamnati ba ta da alhakin kowane yunƙuri na amfani da bayanin da aka bayar, kuma ba ta da tabbacin cewa ba zai cutar da kai da kanka ba. Ba za a iya amfani da kayan don wajabta magani da yin ganewar asali ba. Koyaushe tuntuɓi likitan ku!

Gina jiki don sauran cututtuka:

 
 
 
 

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