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Duk game da kamun kifi
Grayling shi ne watakila mafi fitattun kifin da ake iya ganewa a tsakanin kifin kifi na ruwa. Rarrabuwa na jinsunan shine rikice-rikice, akwai manyan nau'ikan guda uku da kuma dama da tallace-tallace. An yi la'akari da launin toka na Mongolian mafi girma kuma "tsohuwar". Dangane da matsakaicin girman, yana ɗan ƙasa kaɗan zuwa launin toka na Turai da ke zaune a yankunan arewacin yankin Turai na Eurasia. Ichthyologists suna danganta girman girman arewacin grayling tare da ciyar da caviar da yara na sauran kifi kifi. Matsakaicin girman kifin zai iya kai kilogiram 6. An bambanta nau'in Siberian da nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan iri. Sun bambanta da juna ba kawai a cikin siffofi na halitta ba, har ma a cikin girman. Grayling kifi ne da ba za a iya wucewa ba wanda ke ƙaura a kan ɗan gajeren nesa. Akwai nau'ikan tabkuna, daga cikinsu akwai masu saurin girma. A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, an ƙirƙiri launin toka don yin amfani da nishaɗi da nishaɗi. Musamman ma, a cikin Turai, ana sake dawo da yawan jama'a a cikin yankunan da a baya "matsi", wanda aka yi don dalilai na kasuwanci, kifi. Bugu da ƙari, a cikin tabkuna, ana yin launin toka don kamun kifi na kasuwanci.
Hanyoyin kama launin toka
Ana bambanta kamun kifi ta hanyar kamun kifi iri-iri da yawa kuma ana yin su a kusan duk yanayi sai lokacin haifuwa. Bugu da ƙari ga abin da aka saba da shi ga kowane mai kama kifi, kamun kifi tare da iyo, kadi, kamun kifi na tashi, jigs na hunturu da spinners, ana kama grayling tare da "jirgin ruwa" da dama na kayan aiki na musamman.
Kama grayling akan juyi
Idan ba ku la'akari da kamun kifi na gardama, to, kama grayling tare da kadi na kadi ana la'akari da babban ɗayan mafi yawan masu haƙoƙin Turai. Watakila wannan shi ne saboda gaskiyar cewa dabi'ar dabbanci na launin toka na Turai ya fi girma. Mazauna Siberian suna danganta kamun kifi da kamun kifi na wucin gadi kuma, a wani ɓangare, tare da kayan aikin iyo. A lokaci guda kuma, sandunan juyi sun sami aikace-aikace azaman kayan aiki don yin simintin nesa yayin amfani da kayan aiki daban-daban ta amfani da kwari da dabaru. Sandunan jujjuya sun dace domin ana iya amfani da su duka biyu don kama taimen da lenok, tare da manyan ƙwanƙwasa, da kuma rigs irin su " tsegumi" da "Tyrolean sanda", ta amfani da dabaru. Tare da irin waɗannan kayan aiki, ana buƙatar sandunan jujjuya tare da manyan gwaje-gwaje da tsayi, watakila 3 m ko fiye. Ana ɗaukar reels don dacewa da sanduna: tare da spool mai ƙarfi kuma zai fi dacewa tare da babban rabon kaya don iskar sauri mai sauri. Ana yin simintin gyare-gyare a duk faɗin halin yanzu, tare da tsammanin zaɓe. Sau da yawa kamun kifi yana faruwa a kan babban jet, kayan aiki na sama, a matsayin mai mulkin, yana da girma kuma yana da yawa. Wannan yana ƙara nauyi akan reels da sanduna. Hakanan ana amfani da irin wannan kayan don kamun kifi a kan tafkuna, ana yin rigima a hankali ko kuma ta hanyar tafiya, a yanayin nutsewa. A cikin ƙwararrun kamun kifi na grayling tare da lallausan kadi, masu juyawa da wobblers yawanci ƙanana ne, saboda haka, kamun kifi tare da ƙoƙon haske yana yiwuwa. Irin wannan kamun kifi don yin launin toka, don ƙwanƙwasawa, ya shahara akan ƙananan koguna ko daga jiragen ruwa. Ya kamata a lura da cewa wasu anglers yi imani da cewa trolling iya "yanke" kama kananan kifi. Wannan doka tana aiki a cikin sashi: launin toka yana da matukar muni ta yanayi, sau da yawa yana kai hari ga abokan hamayya, don haka yana "blushes" har ma a kan manyan "wobblers".
Tashi kamun kifi don grayling
Fly kamun kifi don launin toka shine mafi mashahuri nau'in kamun kifi a tsakanin masu sha'awar nishaɗi a arewacin kogin Siberiya. Ana buƙatar gyara kaɗan a nan. Wannan doka gaskiya ce ga kanana da matsakaitan koguna. Yana da matukar wahala a shawo kan mazaunin Yenisei, Angara ko wasu manyan koguna na Siberiya cewa kamun kifi ya dace da kamun kifi akan irin wannan tafki. Saboda haka, mazauna yankin sun fi son juyi daban-daban da sauran kayan aikin simintin nesa. A kan manyan koguna, don jin daɗin dogon simintin gyare-gyare, ƙwararrun masu kamun kifi za a iya ba da shawarar su yi amfani da sandunan canzawa. Tare da taimakonsu, zaku iya yin daidai gwargwado daban-daban na nutsewa, alal misali: nymphs da dabaru. Sandunan jujjuya suna aiki sosai da inganci tare da manyan ƙudaje, waɗanda zasu iya taimakawa lokacin kama samfuran " ganima ". Dangane da zaɓin kayan aikin hannu ɗaya, yana da wahala a ba da cikakkiyar shawara anan. Tare da kifin kifi, launin toka shine kifi wanda ake ƙirƙira ɗimbin takalmi a kowace shekara. Don kamun kifi a cikin rafi, igiyoyi da sanduna na maki sifili sun dace. Yin amfani da sanduna na layin 7-10 don kama launin toka, a cikin ra'ayinmu, bai dace ba, musamman dangane da kamun kifi don "bushe kwari". Akwai ra'ayi cewa saboda nauyin layin, yana yiwuwa a kara yawan nisa na simintin gyare-gyare, wanda manyan sanduna masu daraja zasu dace. Amma a nan wata matsala ta taso: sarrafa babban taro na layin da aka saki, ɗan gajeren sanda mai hannu daya, yana haifar da rashin jin daɗi a cikin kamun kifi. Zaɓin layin ya dogara da yanayin kamun kifi, don kamun kifi a kan koguna masu zurfi da sauri, ana iya buƙatar layukan nutsewa, amma wannan ya fi dacewa saboda yanayi na musamman. Don yawancin tafiye-tafiye za ku iya samun ta tare da layukan iyo 1-2 da kuma saitin girma. Kamun kifi na Tenkara yana ƙara samun farin jini. Ko da yake a cikin Siberiya da Gabas mai nisa, irin wannan, amma mafi mahimmancin magance ya kasance koyaushe. Tenkara maimakon sake haifuwar tsohon kayan aiki ne zuwa “sabon kamanni”.
Kama grayling tare da tatsi mai iyo da kasa
Kama grayling tare da na halitta, dabbobin dabba yana da dacewa a yankunan da wannan kifi ya fi rinjaye. Yana da daraja la'akari da cewa kamun kifi na kasa don grayling shine yanayi kuma yana faruwa a cikin bazara da kaka. Hakanan za'a iya yin kamun kifin da ke kan tudu, haka ma, wasu magudanar ruwa suna amfani da duka "nymphs" da "ƙuda masu iyo" a kan rig ɗaya. An gyara nymph ba tare da zubar a kan babban layi ba, kuma "bushe" a kan keɓaɓɓen, zamewa leash sama da iyo. A yawancin yankuna na Siberiya, kaka mai kamun kifi mai kamun kifi ba kamun kifi ba ne, amma kama kifi ne.
Kama grayling tare da sauran kayan aiki
Ana kama Grayling akan "kwale-kwale" da "zane". A nan yana da daraja la'akari da cewa dokokin suna tsara adadin ƙugiya waɗanda za a iya kama grayling. Yawanci bai wuce goma ba. Kamun kifi don "kwale-kwalen" yana da ban sha'awa sosai kuma yana buƙatar ƙwarewa na musamman. Ana kama Grayling a cikin hunturu a kan spinners da mormyshkas. A lokaci guda, koto tare da tsutsotsi da invertebrates yana yiwuwa. Sandunan kamun kifi da layukan kamun kifi basa buƙatar abinci na musamman; akasin haka, yana da kyau a yi amfani da ƙarfi, ko da m kaya. Grayling kankara kamun kifi yana da hannu sosai kuma yana iya faruwa cikin tsananin sanyi. Ya kamata a lura da yin amfani da babban adadin zaɓuɓɓuka don "sandunan simintin gyare-gyare mai tsawo" da "kayan aiki". Jerin na farko ya haɗa da kayan aiki daban-daban don "sbirulino - bombard", "cikakken ruwa na Czech" da kuma kayan aikin iyo daban-daban. Don kamun kifi a kan ƙananan koguna, ana samun nasarar amfani da kwatankwacin "sandan kamun kifi na Ingilishi" ko "gajeren" Bolognese "don kamun kifi tare da kayan aiki masu iyo a kan "zuriyar" cikin nasara. Kazalika daban-daban wasa, "Bologna", ko da feeder sanduna, wanda aka samu nasarar amfani da kifi da Balda, Potaskunya, Abakansky, Angarsky, Yenisei da sauran kayan aiki.
Batsa
A nan, maimakon haka, yana da daraja a lura cewa grayling a zahiri ba ya amsa ga kayan lambu baits. Bait yana aiki ne kawai a lokuta na musamman. Kamun kifi tare da baits na halitta ya dogara da yankin, alal misali, a cikin Gabas mai Nisa, ana kama grayling akan caviar. Gabaɗaya, yana amsa kowane nau'in larvae invertebrate da nau'ikan manya, don soya. A cikin hunturu, ana iya kama shi a kan spinners ko mormyshkas tare da sake dasa shi daga wani naman kifi, soya ko idon kifi. An fi son masu yin juyi tare da ƙugiya mai siyar. Yana da wuya a kwatanta duka kewayon na wucin gadi lures, amma ya kamata a lura cewa wasu anglers kama grayling musamman a kan guntu na cambric ko rauni a kan shank, tagulla waya ko tsare. Greyling na Siberian yana da ɗan muni ga "rigar kwari" (a cikin ma'anar gargajiya) da "masu ruwa". Ya fi dacewa a yi amfani da "nymphs" da "busashen kwari". Yakamata a dauki masu jujjuyawar kade-kade da wobbles a cikin ƙananan girma. Ya kamata a lura cewa abubuwan da ake so na abinci na grayling sun dogara ba kawai a kan nau'in nau'i da halaye na yanki ba, har ma a lokacin kamun kifi. A cikin yanayin rayuwa daban-daban, nau'ikan da ke akwai da girman abun gani na ganima a cikin tafki yana canzawa, don haka abubuwan da ake so abinci. Lokacin tafiya zuwa yankin da ba a sani ba, yana da kyau a fayyace tare da jagororin abubuwan da ake so na kamun kifi na gida. A matsayin misali: idan kun saba da kama grayling a cikin yankunan arewaci da Turai tare da lalata, wannan ba yana nufin cewa wannan hanyar ba ta dace da kamun kifi a tafkin Baikal ko yankunanta ba.
Wuraren kamun kifi da wurin zama
Ana rarraba grayling a cikin mafi yawan Tsakiyar Turai da Gabashin Turai, ko'ina cikin Siberiya, Mongoliya, Gabas Mai Nisa, da Arewacin Amurka. Kuna iya kama launin toka duka a cikin tabkuna da koguna. Kifi da wuya ya yi ƙaura mai nisa. Grayling yana buƙatar ruwa (zazzabi, turbidity da matakin), don haka ba kawai bazara ko ƙaura ba ne mai yiwuwa. Tare da karuwar yawan zafin jiki na ruwa, mutuwar kifi da ƙaura yana yiwuwa har ma a cikin ƙananan koguna tare da ruwan sanyi. A lokacin rani, ana iya ganin bambance-bambancen yanki a wuraren da kifaye ke zaune, cikin girman. Manya-manyan mutane na iya zama su kaɗai a cikin ɓacin rai na ƙasa ko kuma su ɗauki wurare kusa da cikas da kwanto. Mafi ƙanƙanta, masu ci gaba da ciyar da mutane suna tsaye kusa da gaɓar kogi ko kan ambaliya na kogin, gami da ramuka masu zurfi. A wuraren kwanto, a cikin ƙananan ƙananan raƙuman ruwa da raguwa, akwai makarantu tare da kifaye na shekaru daban-daban da girma, a mafi kyawun maki - mafi karfi da mafi girma mutane. Sau da yawa ana iya samun launin toka masu matsakaicin girma a gefen ramuka, tare da banki ko kusa da bakin kogi. A cikin ƙananan koguna, kifaye suna motsawa sau da yawa, amma mafi yawan lokuta suna cikin ramuka da kuma bayan cikas. A cikin tabkuna, launin toka yana zama kusa da ramuka; yana iya ciyar da bakin koguna da bakin teku.
Ciyarwa
Yana girma cikin jima'i a cikin shekaru 2-4. Spawns a cikin Afrilu - Yuni kuma ya dogara da yankin. Siffofin tafkin na iya haifuwa duka a kan tafkin da kansa da kuma cikin kogunan rafuka. Suna yin ƙananan gidaje a cikin ƙasa mai yashi ko dutse. Haihuwa yana da sauri, tare da faɗa. A cikin maza na kowane nau'i, launi yana canzawa zuwa mafi haske. Bayan haifuwa, yana zuwa ciyarwa a wuraren zama na dindindin.