Dabino - kwatancin mai. Amfanin lafiya da cutarwa

description

Man dabino, wanda akwai jita -jita da yawa da ra'ayoyi masu karo da juna, ana yin su ne daga 'ya'yan itacen dabino. Ana kuma kiran samfurin danyen mai ja saboda tsayinsa na terracotta.

Babban tushen dabino shine itacen Elaeis guineensis, wanda ke girma a Yammaci da Kudu maso Yammacin Afrika. Mazauna yankin sun ci 'ya'yan itacen tun kafin a samar da mai daga garesu a duniya. Ana samun irin wannan dabino na mai, wanda aka fi sani da Elaeis oleifera, a Kudancin Amurka, amma ba safai ake kasuwanci ba.

Koyaya, ana amfani da wani nau'ikan tsire-tsire guda biyu wajen samar da dabino. Fiye da 80% na kayan yau an shirya su a cikin Malesiya da Indonesia, galibi don shigo da kayayyaki a duniya.

Abun da ke ciki

Dabino yana da kitse 100%. A lokaci guda, ya ƙunshi 50% na cikakken acid, 40% na monounsaturated acid, da 10% na polyunsaturated acid.
Cokali ɗaya na dabino ya ƙunshi:

• 114 adadin kuzari;
• 14 g mai;
• 5 g kitse mai cikakken ciki;
• 1.5 g mai kiba mai yawa;
• 11% na darajar yau da kullun don bitamin E.

Manyan kitsoyin dabino sune acid na dabino, banda shi, shima yana dauke da sinadarin oleic, linoleic da stearic acid. Launin launin ja-rawaya ya fito ne daga carotenoids, antioxidants kamar beta-carotene.

Jiki yana canza shi zuwa bitamin A.
Kamar man kwakwa, dabino yana taurare a dakin da zafin jiki, amma yana narkewa a digiri 24, yayin da na farko yana da digiri 35. Wannan yana nuna nau'in fatty acid daban-daban a cikin nau'ikan samfuran shuka guda biyu.

Abin da abinci suke amfani da man dabino

Man dabino ya shahara ga masu noman saboda ƙarancin farashi. Yana lissafin kashi ɗaya bisa uku na albarkatun mai na duniya. Zesty ɗinsa da ƙoshin ƙasa, kamar kabewa ko karas, suna da kyau da man gyada da cakulan.

Baya ga sandunan alewa da sandunan alewa, ana ƙara man dabino a cikin kirim, margarine, burodi, kukis, muffins, abincin gwangwani da abincin jarirai. Ana samun kitse a cikin wasu kayayyakin abinci da ba na abinci ba kamar su man goge baki, sabulun wanka, magaryar jiki, da masu gyaran gashi.

Bugu da ƙari, ana iya amfani da shi don ƙirƙirar man biodiesel, wanda ya zama madadin tushen makamashi [4]. Manyan masana'antun abinci ne suka sayi man dabino (a cewar rahoton WWF na 2020):

• Unilever (tan miliyan 1.04);
• PepsiCo (tan miliyan 0.5);
• Nestle (tan miliyan 0.43);
• Colgate-Palmolive (tan miliyan 0.138);
• McDonald's (tan miliyan 0.09).

Lalacewar man dabino

A cikin 80s, an fara maye gurbin samfurin da kayan maye, saboda tsoron yiwuwar haɗari ga zuciya. Yawancin karatu suna ba da rahoton sakamako masu karo da juna game da tasirin dabino a jiki.

Masana kimiyya sun gudanar da gwaje-gwaje tare da matan da aka gano suna da yawan ƙwayar cholesterol. Tare da amfani da man dabino, wannan adadi ya zama mafi girma, wato, yana da alaƙa da cututtuka na tsarin zuciya da jijiyoyin jini.

Abin sha'awa, yawancin kitse na kayan lambu na iya rage cholesterol, koda kuwa an haɗe shi da man dabino.

A shekarar 2019, masana na WHO sun wallafa wani rahoto da ke ambaton makaloli kan amfanin dabino. Koyaya, da aka bincika sosai, ya zama cewa labarai huɗu daga cikin tara da aka ambata a cikin rahoton ma’aikatan Ma’aikatar Noma ce ta Malaysia, waɗanda ke da alhakin ci gaban masana’antar.

Ofayan karatun da yawa ya nuna cewa sake maimaita busassun man dabino na haifar da haɗari. Cigaba da amfani da wannan samfurin yana haifar da samuwar adibas a cikin jijiyoyin saboda lahanin antioxidant na kayan mai. A lokaci guda, ƙara sabon mai a abinci bai haifar da irin wannan sakamako ba.

Amfanin dabino

Samfurin na iya samar da fa'idodin kiwon lafiya. Man dabino yana inganta aiki mai hankali kuma yana da sakamako mai kyau akan kwakwalwa. Ana amfani dashi don hana rashi bitamin A kuma shine kyakkyawan tushen tocotrienols, nau'ikan bitamin E tare da kyawawan abubuwan antioxidant.

Bincike ya nuna cewa wadannan sinadarai suna taimakawa kare kitsen polyunsaturated na jiki daga lalacewa, rage saurin ciwan hankali, rage kasadar shanyewar jiki, da hana ci gaban cututtukan kwakwalwa.

A yayin gwajin, masana kimiyya sun raba mutane 120 zuwa kungiyoyi biyu, daya daga cikinsu an ba shi wuribo, daya kuma - tocotrienols daga man dabino. A sakamakon haka, na farko ya nuna karuwar raunin kwakwalwa, yayin da alamun na karshen suka kasance masu karko.

Babban nazarin nazarin 50 da aka samu duka kuma matakan LDL cholesterol sun kasance mafi ƙanƙanta a cikin mutanen da suka ci abincin da aka ƙara tare da man dabino.

6 camfi game da dabino

1. Kashi ne mai karfin gaske, kuma kasashen da suka ci gaba sun dade suna kin shigo da shi don amfanin abinci

Wannan ba gaskiya ba ne kuma galibi populism ne. Suna jefar da wasu gutsutsure ne kawai, amma ba dabino da kansa ba. Wannan kitse ne na kayan lambu, wanda yake daidai gwargwado tare da sunflower, rapeseed ko waken soya. Dukansu suna da ribobi da fursunoni. Amma man dabino na musamman ne.

Da fari dai, ana girbe shi sau 3 a shekara. Itacen kansa yana girma tsawon shekaru 25. A shekara ta 5 bayan sauka daga jirgin, ya fara bada 'ya'ya. A nan gaba, yawan amfanin ƙasa yana raguwa yana tsayawa yana da shekaru 17-20, bayan shekaru 25 aka canza itacen. Dangane da haka, farashin narkar da itacen dabino ya ninka na wasu sau da yawa na sauran tsire-tsire.

Dangane da sinadarin carcinogens, man da ake ratsawa wataƙila ya fi guba fiye da man sunflower. Misali, zaku iya soya a cikin man sunflower sau 2 kawai, in ba haka ba, tare da ƙarin amfani, ya zama mai cutar kansa. Ana iya soya dabino sau 8.

Haɗarin ya dogara ne da irin ƙwarin gwiwa da mai sana'anta yake da yadda yake amfani da man. Kodayake ba a cikin bukatunsa ya adana a kan inganci ba, tunda ɗanɗanar “tsohuwar” mai zai lalata ɗanɗano samfurin. Mutumin ya buɗe jakar, ya gwada kuma ba zai sake siyowa ba.

2. Ana wadata kasashe masu arziki da "dabino" daya, kuma kasashen matalauta ana basu "wani"

A'a, duk tambayar tana game da tsabtace inganci. Kuma wannan iko ne mai shigowa, gwargwadon kowace jiha. our country ta sami daidaitaccen man dabino, wanda ake amfani da shi a duk duniya. A cikin samarwar duniya, man dabino shine kashi 50% na kayan mai, mai sunflower - 7% na kitse. Sun ce "dabino" ba a cinye shi a Turai, amma alamun suna nuna cewa yawanta ya karu a cikin EU a cikin shekaru 5 da suka gabata.

Bugu da ƙari, ga tambayar tsabtatawa. Bari mu kwatanta da man sunflower. Lokacin da aka samar dashi, kayan abincin shine mai, fusse, biredin da kek. Idan ka ba mutum fooz, to, tabbas, ba zai zama mai daɗi sosai ba. Hakanan da man dabino. Gabaɗaya, kalmar “dabino” na nufin dukkanin hadadden: akwai mai don amfanin ɗan adam, akwai ƙananan abubuwa daga man dabino don aikace-aikacen fasaha. Mu a Delta Wilmar CIS kawai muna hulɗa da mai ne mai ci.

Idan muka yi magana game da kasuwancinmu, to, mun saki samfurin da aka ba da izini ga duk alamun aminci, samar da mu kuma an ba da takaddun shaida. Muna nazarin samfuran mu a dakunan gwaje-gwaje na Turai. Duk cikar kasuwancin daga masana'antun Turai ne kawai (Belgium, Jamus, Switzerland). Komai na sarrafa kansa. Bayan shigar da kayan aiki, muna samun izini da takaddun shaida na shekara-shekara, kamar kamfanonin Turai.

3. Duniya tana yin watsi da “itaciyar dabinon” tana canzawa zuwa man sunflower

Man sunflower shine mai ƙiba. Trans fats sune mummunan jini, bugun jini, bugun zuciya, da komai. Dangane da haka, ana amfani da shi lokacin soya, kuma a cikin sauran kowane yanayi ana maye gurbinsa da dabino.

4. Da gangan ba a lissafa man dabino a cikin abinci

Zan iya cewa da kwarin gwiwa cewa duk masana'antun kayan zaki a our country sun nuna cewa samfuran su sun haɗa da dabino. Idan ana so, masana'anta koyaushe za su gaya muku game da waɗanne kitse ne aka haɗa a cikin girke-girke. Wannan cikakken bayani ne a buɗe. Idan masana'anta na kayan kiwo bai nuna ba, to wannan wani labari ne.

Wannan laifi ne kuma alhakin masana'anta da ke kera irin waɗannan samfuran. Ba ya haɗuwa a cikin wani mummunan samfur, kawai yana samun kuɗi, saboda man fetur, in mun gwada, farashin UAH 40, kuma mai daga kayan lambu na kayan girke-girke daban-daban zai kai UAH 20. Amma masana'antun suna sayar da 40. Saboda haka, wannan shine riba da kuma riba. yaudarar masu saye.

Ba wanda ya karya “bishiyar dabino”, domin ba za a iya ƙirƙira shi ba. Akwai karya a cikin kayan kiwo lokacin da masana'anta ba su nuna cewa ana amfani da kitsen kayan lambu (dabino ko sunflower). Wannan ita ce kadai hanyar da za a batar da mai siye.

5. Haramtawa “itacen dabino” ba zai shafi tattalin arziki ta kowace hanya ba, zai rage yawan ribar da aka samu ga masu kerawa

Duk masana'antun dandano za a rufe su nan da nan, wanda a cikin 'yan watanni za su canza zuwa fyade, waken soya, da sunflower na hydrogenated. A zahiri, zasu rasa fitarwa, wanda ke buƙatar cewa samfurin bai ƙunshi ƙwayoyin mai ba. Lokacin da aka samar dashi tare da man sunflower na hydrogenated, ƙirƙirar zata ƙunshi ƙwayoyin mai. Don haka tabbas fitarwa za ta shuɗe.

6. Yana kasa da inganci zuwa sauran mai

Ana amfani da man dabino sosai a masana'antar kayan zaki da kiwo. A yau, akwai magana da yawa game da ko yana da amfani ko cutarwa, amma a duk faɗin duniya, a matakin majalisa, akwai yarda da ka'idoji don abun ciki na fatty acid a cikin samfurin da aka gama.

An samar da isomers masu ƙarancin mai a cikin ƙoshin kayan lambu yayin hawan hydrogenation, tsari ne wanda fataccen ruwa ke daɗa ƙarfi.

Ana buƙatar kitse mai ƙarfi don yin margarine, mai don cika waffle, kukis, da dai sauransu Domin samun kitse mai ƙarfi daga sunflower, rapeseed, man waken soya, masana'antun mai-da-mai suna aiwatar da tsarin hydrogenation kuma yana samun kitse tare da wani taurin.

Wannan kitsen mai ne wanda aƙalla akwai aƙalla 35% masu saurin transom. Kayan mai bayan hakar baya dauke da isomers na trans (ba man dabino, ko man sunflower ba). Amma a lokaci guda, daidaiton man dabino ya riga ya zama irin wannan wanda zamu iya amfani dashi azaman mai mai cikewa, da dai sauransu.

Wato, ba a buƙatar ƙarin aiki. Saboda wannan, dabinon dabino baya dauke da isomers na trans. Sabili da haka, a nan yana cin nasara akan sauran kitsen kayan lambu waɗanda suka saba da mu.