Otolaryngology, ko ENT, ƙwararren likita ne wanda aka sadaukar da shi ga cututtuka da abubuwan da ba a so na "ENT sphere", wato:

• kunne (waje, tsakiya da ciki);
• hanci da sinuses;
• makogwaro da wuya (baki, harshe, makoshi, trachea);
• glandan salivary.

Don haka ENT yana da sha'awar ji, murya, numfashi, ƙanshi da ɗanɗano, daidaitawa, da kayan kwalliyar fuska (3). Ya haɗa da tiyata ta fuskar fuska.

Yawancin yanayi da abubuwan da ba a saba da su na iya sarrafa su ta hanyar otolaryngologist, tunda duk gabobin ENT na iya shafar:

• lahani na haihuwa;
• ciwace -ciwacen daji;
• cututtuka ko kumburi;
• rauni ko rauni;
• degeneration (musamman kurame);
• inna (fuska, makoshi);
• amma kuma, alamomi don filastik da tiyata na fuska da wuya.

Likitan otolaryngologist (ko otolaryngologist) yana da hannu wajen maganin cututtuka da yawa. Anan akwai jerin matsalolin da ba a kammala ba waɗanda za a iya kulawa da su a cikin ENT:

• a cikin baki:
  • cirewa (cirewa) na tonsils, adenoid adenoids;
  • ciwace -ciwacen gland na salivary ko cututtuka;
  • ciwace -ciwacen baki, harshe.
• a hanci:
• cin hanci na kullum;
• snoring et barci apnea ;
• sinusitis ;
• rhinoplasty (aiki don "sake" hanci);
• tashin hankali.
• kunnen cututtuka maimaita;
• rashin ji ko kurame;
• ciwon kunne (ciwon kunne);
• tinnitus ;
• rashin daidaituwa, dizziness.
• pathologies na murya;
• stridor (amo lokacin numfashi);
• cututtukan thyroid (tare da haɗin gwiwar endocrinologist);
• reflux gastro-laryngé;
• ciwon makogwaro, talakawan mahaifa
• a matakin kunnuwa:
• a cikin makogwaro:

Kodayake cututtukan cututtuka a cikin yankin ENT na iya shafar kowa da kowa, akwai wasu abubuwan da aka gane haɗarin, tsakanin wasu:

• shan taba;
• yawan shan barasa;
• kiba ko kiba (snoring, apnea…);
• ƙaramin shekaru: yara sun fi kamuwa da ciwon kunne da sauran cututtukan ENT fiye da manya.

Don isa ga ganewar asali da gano asalin cututtukan, likitan otolaryngologist:

• yana tambayar majiyyacinsa don gano yanayin rikice -rikicen, ranar farawar su da yanayin tashin su, matakin rashin jin daɗi;
• yin gwajin asibiti na gabobin da ake tambaya, ta amfani da kayan aikin da suka dace da hanci, kunnuwa ko makogwaro (spatulas, otoscope, da sauransu);
• na iya samun koma baya ga ƙarin gwaje -gwaje (rediyo, alal misali).

Dangane da matsalar da kuma maganin da za a bayar, otolaryngologist na iya amfani da:

• zuwa magunguna daban -daban;
• a fibroscopies ko endoscopies, don hango ciki na fili na numfashi misali;
• Ayyukan tiyata (ENT ƙwararre ne na tiyata), ko sun kasance ƙari, sabuntawa ko sakewa;
• prostheses ko implants;
• zuwa gyarawa.

Tattaunawa tare da likitan otolaryngologist bai ƙunshi wani haɗari na musamman ga mai haƙuri ba.

Kasance ENT a Faransa

Don zama likitan ilimin otolaryngologist, ɗalibin dole ne ya sami difloma na ƙwararrun karatu (DES) a cikin ENT da tiyata da kai da wuya:

• dole ne ya fara bi, bayan baccalaureate, shekara ta farko gama gari a karatun kiwon lafiya. Lura cewa matsakaicin ƙasa da kashi 20% na ɗalibai suna gudanar da ƙetare wannan muhimmin ci gaba;
• a ƙarshen shekara ta 6, ɗalibai suna ɗaukar gwajin rarrabuwa na ƙasa don shiga makarantar allo. Dangane da rarrabuwarsu, za su iya zaɓar ƙwararrunsu da wurin aikinsu. Koyarwar ilimin otolaryngology yana ɗaukar shekaru 5 (semesters 10, gami da 6 a cikin ENT da tiyata da kai da wuya da 4 a cikin wani ƙwarewa, gami da aƙalla 2 a tiyata).

A ƙarshe, don samun damar yin aiki azaman likitan yara kuma ya riƙe taken likita, ɗalibin dole ne ya kare rubutun bincike.

Kasance ENT a cikin Quebec

 Bayan karatun kwaleji, ɗalibin dole ne ya kammala digiri na uku a fannin likitanci. Wannan matakin na farko yana ɗaukar shekaru 1 ko 4 (tare da ko ba tare da shekara ta shirye -shirye don magani ga ɗaliban da aka yarda da su tare da kwaleji ko jami'a waɗanda ake ganin ba su isa ba a cikin ilimin kimiyyar halittu na asali). Sannan, ɗalibin dole ne ya ƙware ta hanyar bin zama a cikin ilimin otolaryngology da tiyata da kai da wuya (shekaru 5). 

Kafin zuwa alƙawari tare da ENT, yana da mahimmanci a ɗauki kowane gwajin hoto ko nazarin halittu da aka riga aka yi.

Yana da mahimmanci a lura da halayen ciwon (tsawon lokaci, farawa, mita, da sauransu), don yin tambaya game da tarihin dangin ku da kawo magunguna daban -daban.

Don neman likitan ENT:

• a Quebec, zaku iya tuntuɓar gidan yanar gizon Association d'oto-rhino-laryngologie et deirurgie cervico-faciale du Quebec4, wanda ke ba da jagorar membobin su.
• a Faransa, ta hanyar gidan yanar gizon Ordre des médecinsâ ?? µ ko Syndicat national des médecins na musamman a ENT da cervico-facial surgery6, wanda ke ba da jagora.

Inshorar Lafiya (Faransa) ko Régie de l'assurance maladie du Québec ne ke ba da shawara tare da likitan otolaryngologist.