Contents
Don haka Oktoba ta wuce, wanda, yana tsoratar da mu da mummunan yanayi, har ila yau wani lokaci yana ba mu lafiya, ranakun rana. A hanci a watan ƙarshe na kaka - Nuwamba.
Shi ma, kamar wanda ya gabace shi, ya rikita mana lissafin watannin kalandar. Dangane da kalandar Miladiyya, shine na goma sha ɗaya, amma bisa ga tsohuwar kalandar Roman - tara, wanda ya zama tushen sunansa (daga Latin Nuwamba, Wato na tara kenan). Amma kakanninmu sun kira shi daban: Leafy, Leafy, Leafy, Ice, Nono, Daskarewa, Gurasar hunturu, Rabin hunturu, Svadnik, Wata mai cike da kayan abinci, Winterofar Hunturu.
Nuwamba ba za ta ƙara ragargaza mu da dumi ba - bayan haka, sau da yawa yakan sha dusar ƙanƙara, yana tsoratar da Mikhailovsky da sanyi na Kazan, kaza da ƙanƙantar da ƙura. Wannan wata yana da wadataccen coci da kuma ranakun hutu na duniya, kuma hakan yana nuna farkon Azumin Nativity.
Nuwamba lokaci ne mai ban mamaki ba kawai don yin tunani game da cin abinci mai kyau ba, har ma don canza shi. Da farko, amsa da gaskiya wa kanku tambayoyin: "menene daidaitaccen abincin mutum?", "Yaya ake yin littafin abincinku?", "Yaya ake gina tsarin sha?", "Ta yaya tsarin yau da kullun ke shafar rage cin abinci? "," Wace ƙa'ida ce don zaɓar abinci? “,” Menene yunwa, jarabar abinci da kayan ciye-ciye? ”
Don haka, samfuran gargajiya na Nuwamba:
Brussels sprouts
Kayan lambu mai shekaru biyu na dangin Cruciferous, wanda ke da kauri mai tsayi (har zuwa 60 cm ko fiye) da ganye masu tsayi, wanda, lokacin da ya girma, ya zama ƙananan kututture. A daya daga cikin daji, 50-100 guda na irin wannan "mini-copy" na farin kabeji na iya girma.
Masu noman kayan lambu na Beljiyam sun tsiro da wannan kayan lambu daga nau'o'in Kale. Saboda haka, lokacin da yake bayanin wannan tsiron, Karl Linnaeus ya ba shi suna cikin girmamawarsu. Bayan lokaci, kabeji “na Beljiyam” ya bazu sosai a cikin Holland, Jamus da Faransa, kuma daga baya - a cikin ƙasashe ko'ina Yammacin Turai, Kanada da Amurka. Yana da ƙananan kalori abun ciki - 43 kcal akan 100 g kuma yana ƙunshe da abubuwa masu amfani kamar folic acid, sauƙin narkewa da inganci mai inganci, fiber, potassium, phosphorus, iron, magnesium, bitamin B-rukuni, provitamin A, bitamin C.
Yin amfani da sprouts na Brussels yana hana cututtuka na zuciya da jijiyoyin jini, yana rage matakin carcinogens a cikin jiki, yana inganta aikin endocrine, juyayi da tsarin rigakafi, yana ƙarfafa ganuwar jini, yana inganta samuwar jan jini. Bugu da ƙari, wannan kayan lambu yana rage haɗarin haɓaka ƙwayoyin cutar kansa na dubura, nono da mahaifa. Ana kuma bada shawara ga anemia, maƙarƙashiya, ciwon sukari, cututtukan zuciya na zuciya, mura, rashin barci, asma, mashako, tarin fuka, maido da aikin pancreatic. Yin amfani da Brussels sprouts a lokacin daukar ciki yana ba da gudummawa ga daidaitaccen ci gaban tsarin juyayi na tayin, yana rage haɗarin lahani na haihuwa a cikin jarirai.
Brussels sprouts ana yadu amfani da su a dafa saboda m, nutty dandano. Alal misali, ana iya dafa shi da naman alade, qwai, namomin kaza, gurasar burodi, tsaba na sesame, ginger sauce, nono kaza, "style Italiyanci", "style Brussels". Milk miya, medallions, broth, omelet, salad, casserole, kulebyaku, pies za a iya la'akari sosai dadi jita-jita daga wannan kayan lambu.
radish
Yana nufin tsire-tsire na shekara-shekara / na shekara-shekara na dangin Radish na dangin Cabbage. An bambanta wannan kayan lambu ta hanyar zagaye, mai tsayi ko m kayan lambu na baki, fari, launin toka, kore, ruwan hoda ko shunayya.
Tsohuwar Misira ana ɗaukarta wurin haifuwar radish, inda aka yi amfani da 'ya'yanta don shirya man kayan lambu. Daga ƙasar Misira, radish “ya yi ƙaura” zuwa Girka ta da (inda aka daraja darajarta ta zinare) da kuma zuwa ƙasashen Turai. Amma an kawo radish zuwa ƙasashen ƙasarmu daga Asiya, a nan da sauri ya zama ba wai kawai mashahuri ba ne, har ma ainihin “mai ceto” na Slav a lokacin yunwa.
Tushen kayan lambu na radish yana dauke da ma'adanai, sunadarai, carbohydrates, kwayoyin acid, muhimman mai, bitamin C, B2, B1, glucosides, sukari, sinadarai masu sinadarin sulfur, fiber, potassium, sodium, magnesium, calcium, iron, phosphorus, amino acid.
Radish yana da phytoncidal, antimicrobial, bactericidal da anti-sclerotic Properties, yana ƙaruwa matakin gishirin ma'adinai da bitamin a jiki. A cikin maganin gargajiya, a cikin girke-girke daban-daban, ana ba da shawarar amfani da radish don motsa sha'awa, bi da urolithiasis da radiculitis, zubar da gallbladder, cire ruwa mai yawa daga jiki, samar da bile, da motsa motsin hanji. Kuma har ila yau an sanya shi a cikin abincin abinci mai gina jiki na maganin ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa, atony na hanji, koda da cutar hanta, cholecystitis, maƙarƙashiya, don ƙarfafa gashi.
Tushen da matasa ganyen radish ana amfani dasu wajen girki. Ana iya amfani da su don yin miyan miya, salatin, borscht, okroshka, kayan ciye-ciye, kowane irin kayan lambu da naman nama.
Faski
Wannan kayan lambu ne na dangin Seleri, wanda ya bambanta da kauri, daɗin ƙamshi da kuma tushen mai daɗi, ƙamshi mai ɗaci da ganyen fuka-fukai. 'Ya'yan itacen parsnip suna da siffar zagaye-elliptical ko flat-squeezed, launin rawaya-launin ruwan kasa.
Asalin asali, Indiyawan Quechua sun girma parsnips (aracachu ko karas na Peruvian) don tushen furotin da suke ci. Ya ƙunshi bitamin C, carotene, mahimman mai, carbohydrates, bitamin B2, B1, PP, mai mahimmanci, salts ma'adinai, carbohydrates masu narkewa, potassium. Ana samun abubuwa masu amfani duka a cikin ganye (mai mahimmanci) da kuma a cikin tushen parsnip (fructose da sucrose).
Amfani da parsnips yana taimakawa kara libido, rage yawan ruwa a jiki, inganta narkewa da zagawar jini, suna da tasiri mai amfani akan tsarin juyayi, da kuma rage koda da hanta mai cutar hanta. Bugu da kari, parsnips suna da analgesic, kwantar da hankali, expectorant da diuretic Properties. An ba da shawarar don cututtukan zuciya, vitiligo, alopecia areata, angina hare-hare, cututtukan zuciya na zuciya da ƙarancin jijiyoyin jini, hauhawar jini, ciwon tsoka da jijiyoyi.
A girki, saiwar busasshen saiwar ta bushe kuma a hada da kayan hadin hoda na kayan yaji. Hakanan ana amfani da ganyen parsnip mai yaji mai rauni a shirye-shiryen kayan lambu, shirye-shiryen cakuda miya da abincin gwangwani.
Okra
okra, mata yatsu, gombo
Yana daga cikin kayan lambu masu mahimmanci na shuke-shuke na shekara-shekara na dangin Malvaceae. Ya banbanta a cikin wani karami mai kauri, an saukar da ganyen inuwa mai haske na kore, manyan furannin cream. 'Ya'yan itacen Okra sune "akwatuna" masu gefe guda huɗu ko takwas tare da tsaba.
Kasar da ta zama asalin okra ba abin dogaro bane sanannu, amma galibi ana samun wannan 'ya'yan itacen a cikin ƙasashen Afirka, Arewacin Amurka, da Indiya. Manoman kayan lambu na zamani sun koya yadda za su shuka shi a yankuna masu sanyi (alal misali, ƙasarmu, Rasha, ƙasashen Turai).
Okra yana cikin samfuran abinci masu ƙarancin kalori - kawai 31 kcal a kowace g 100 kuma ya ƙunshi abubuwa masu amfani kamar: baƙin ƙarfe, furotin, fiber na abinci, bitamin C, K, B6, A, calcium, potassium, folic acid. Ana ba da shawarar yin amfani da mata masu juna biyu, masu ciwon sukari, marasa lafiya da cututtukan gastrointestinal, masu kiba. Okra yana inganta farfadowa daga angina, damuwa, gajiya mai tsanani, asma, atherosclerosis, ulcers, kumburi, maƙarƙashiya, rashin ƙarfi.
Baya ga fruita fruitan itacen, ana amfani da ƙananan ganyen okra wajen dafa abinci don dafa dafaffun abinci, salati, adanawa da matsayin abincin kwano. Za'a iya amfani da gasasshiyar 'ya'yanta maimakon kofi.
alayyafo
Yana nufin tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire na kayan lambu na shekara-shekara na dangin Amaranth. Ya bambanta da haske ko kore mai duhu, corrugated ko santsi ganye wanda yayi kama da hannun mutum a cikin sura. Hakanan kuma yana da ƙananan furanni da greena fruitsan ciyayi a cikin ɗanyen kwayoyi.
An fara amfani da alayyakin BC a tsohuwar Farisa, amma jarumai na Kirista sun kawo ta Turai lokacin da suka dawo daga Jihadi. Har zuwa yanzu, a cikin ƙasashen Larabawa, ana ɗaukarsa ba makawa a cikin shirye-shiryen jita-jita da yawa.
Alayyafo masu ƙananan kalori - 22 kcal a cikin 100 g na ganyen sabo, wanda ya ƙunshi bitamin C, B6, A, B2, B1, PP, E, P, K, D2, furotin, iodine, mai saurin narkewa kuma mai ɗaure da baƙin ƙarfe, ma'adanai, potassium, fiber…
Ganyen alayyafo yana da laxative, tonic, anti-inflammatory da diuretic sakamako. Cin alayyafo na taimakawa hana kansar, rage nauyi, daidaita aikin hanji, da hana ci gaban rikicewar jijiyoyi. An bada shawarar don anemia, ci, anemia, hauhawar jini, gastritis, ciwon sukari mellitus, enterocolitis.
Za a iya amfani da alayyafo don yin salati, calzones, marasƙuƙan zoza, canneloni, quiches, taliya, casseroles, mirgina, yankakke, miyar kabeji, sabzu-kaurma, soufflés, mashed soup, phali, taliya da sauran abinci na yau da kullun da ba na yau da kullun ba.
kiwi
guzberi na kasar Sin
Ya kasance daga ƙananan giyar inabi ta dangin Sinanci na Actinidia kuma ana rarrabe ta da fruitsa fruitsan itace da fata "gashi" da ɗanyen nama.
Asalin haihuwar wannan tsiron ana ɗaukarta a matsayin ƙasar China inda magabarta, liana mikhutao, ta girma. Kuma kodayake yanzu akwai nau'ikan kiwi sama da 50 a duniya, kaɗan daga cikinsu kawai ana iya ci. Babban masu ba da kiwi a sikelin masana'antu sune New Zealand da Italiya.
Kiwi 'ya'yan itace samfurin mai ƙananan kalori saboda yana ƙunshe da 48 kcal a kowace gram ɗari. Daga cikin abubuwanda yake da amfani ya kamata a haskaka su da fiber, glucose, amino acid, fructose, magnesium, bitamin E, C, B1, A, PP, B2, B6, B3, potassium, beta-carotene, phosphorus, calcium, iron, pectins, flavonoids , folic acid acid, enzymes, malic, citric, quinic da sauran acid acid, actinidine.
Yin amfani da kiwi yana taimakawa wajen karfafa garkuwar jiki, samar da sinadarin hada karfi, daidaituwar hawan jini, rigakafin samuwar nitrosamines da daskarewar jini a jijiyoyin jini. Ana ba da shawarar don yawan damuwa, matsalolin narkewa, cututtukan rheumatic, duwatsun koda, don inganta aikin jiki, cututtukan zuciya. Hakanan kuma 'ya'yan wannan shuka suna inganta aikin ciki, mafitsara, ƙarami da babba, hanjin fitsari, tsarin haihuwa, tsokokin al'aura. Kiwi yana da kayan antioxidant da antimutagenic kuma yana ƙona mai.
A cikin girki, ana amfani da kiwi don yin waina, pies, rolls, salads, jams, pizza, syrup, pastries, croutons, mousse, marmalade, flan, fondue, biredi, cream, hadawa, ice cream, yogurt, naushi, lokacin da ake yin nama. , kebabs da dai sauransu.
Cranberries
Shauren shure shure na dangin Lingonberry, wanda ke rarrabe ta ƙananan ƙananan harbe da jan dunƙulen duniya tare da ɗanɗano mai ɗaci.
Cranberries suna yaduwa a cikin ƙasashe daban-daban na duniya inda akwai ƙasa mai yawa na gandun daji, sedge-sphagnum, tundra ko gansakuka bogs. Ga ƙaramin jerin irin waɗannan ƙasashe: Rasha (gami da Gabas ta Tsakiya), ƙasarmu, wasu ƙasashen Turai, Kanada da Amurka.
Cranberries shine samfurin ƙananan kalori, saboda akwai 100 kcal kawai a cikin gram 26 na 'ya'yan itace. 'Ya'yan itace suna dauke da bitamin C, citric, quinic da benzoic acid, bitamin na kungiyoyin K, B da PP, sukari, mai mai mahimmin, carotene, pectin da tannins, gishiri mai ƙanshi, potassium, phosphorus, iodine, iron, magnesium, jan ƙarfe, boron, cobalt, manganese, da sauransu.
Cin cranberries yana hana cholesterol “mara kyau”, yana ƙaruwa da ƙarfi na jijiyoyin jini, yana inganta shayarwar bitamin C, inganta ƙwaƙwalwa, kuma yana kwantar da jijiyoyi. Saboda kayan magani, ana bada shawarar cranberries don cututtuka kamar: tonsillitis, mura, mura; rheumatism; avitaminosis; damuwa mai yawa, yawan gajiya da ciwon kai; rashin barci; tarin fuka; atherosclerosis da cututtuka na tsarin zuciya; raunuka na purulent, ulcers da ƙonewa akan fata; caries da cututtukan lokaci; cututtukan genitourinary.
Yawancin lokaci ana cin cranberries sabo ne ko kuma daskararre, kuma ana iya bushe shi kuma a jiƙa shi, ana amfani da shi don yin juices, abubuwan shan fruita fruitan itace, adanawa, jellies, jelly, cocktails da kvass, an ƙara su da pies, salads da sauran jita-jita.
Apple Antonovka
Ya kasance daga farkon hunturu iri kuma ana rarrabe shi da ƙarfi, babban itace tare da kambi mai faɗi. 'Ya'yan itacen Antonovka matsakaici ne, masu sifa-ko-sihiri ko kuma zagaye-zagaye-fasali tare da fasali mai fasali ko ƙyalƙyali, tare da ƙamshin ƙanshi da ɗanɗano mai tsami.
Abin lura ne cewa ba za a iya kafa asalin “Antonovka” ba kamar yadda aka ƙirƙira shi ta hanyar zaɓin mutane. A cikin ƙasashe na Gabashin Turai, wannan nau'in apple ya yadu a cikin rabin na biyu na karni na ashirin kuma a halin yanzu ana wakilta shi da nau'o'i a Belarus, tsakiyar Rasha da yankin Volga, a yankunan arewacin kasarmu. Daga cikin shahararrun nau'o'insa akwai: "farar fata", "launin toka", "albasa", "mai dadi", "lebur", "ribbed", "tsiri" da "gilashi" Antonovka.
Antonovka, kamar dukkan apples, ɗan itace ne mai ƙananan kalori - 47 kcal cikin ɗari gram. 'Ya'yan wannan nau'ikan suna dauke da fiber, kwayoyin acid, potassium, sodium, calcium, bitamin B3, A, B1, PP, C, magnesium, iron, phosphorus, iodine da 80% na ruwa. Daga cikin kaddarorinta masu amfani, ikon daidaita narkewar abinci, rage matakan cholesterol, hana ci gaban atherosclerosis, tallafawa tsarin garkuwar jiki, samar da tsabtacewa da kashe kwayoyin cuta a jiki, karfafa tsarin jijiyoyi, da kuma motsa kwakwalwa aiki. An ba da shawarar cin apples a yayin maganin hypovitaminosis, ciwon sukari mellitus, don hana ci gaban ciwon daji, tare da neuroses.
Mafi yawanci, ana cin tuffa danye, amma ana iya dibar shi, a sa masa gishiri, a gasa shi, a bushe shi, a sanya shi a bakin salati, kayan zaki, kayan miya, kayan kwalliya, abubuwan sha da sauran kayan masarufi.
Tekun buckthorn
Na dangin Lokhovye ne kuma suna iya girma kamar shrub ko ƙaramar bishiya tare da rassa "spiked" da ƙanƙanin koren ganye. Ya yadu a cikin Moldova, Rasha, ƙasarmu da Caucasus.
'Ya'yan itacen buckthorn na teku suna da ƙananan girman, siffar m tare da orange-ja ko orange-rawaya launi, a zahiri "tsaya a kusa" rassan shuka. 'Ya'yan itãcen marmari suna da ɗanɗano mai daɗi da ɗanɗano mai ɗanɗano, ƙamshin abarba na musamman da na musamman. Sun ƙunshi bitamin B1, C, B2, K, E, P, flavonoids, folic acid, carotenoids, betaine, choline, coumarin, Organic acid (malic, citric, tartaric da caffeic acid), tannins, magnesium, sodium, silicon , baƙin ƙarfe. Aluminum, nickel, gubar, strontium, molybdenum, da manganese.
Godiya ga wannan "hadaddiyar giyar" na abubuwan amfani, buckthorn na teku ana ba da shawarar don ƙarfafa jijiyoyin jini, inganta haɓakawa, rage haɗarin daskarewar jini, tasirin antioxidant a jiki, warkar da ulcers, ƙonewa da raunukan fata. Berries suna cikin abinci mai gina jiki don cututtukan jini da na zuciya da jijiyoyin jini, cututtukan ciki na peptic, gastritis, raunin bitamin, amosanin gabbai, lalacewar radiation ga mucous membranes na idanu da fata.
A girki, jam, compotes, jelly, marshmallow, jelly, butter, juice, juice, ice cream galibi ana shirya su ne daga bishiyoyin buckthorn na teku.
Alkama alkama
Wannan alkama ce gabaɗaya ko gabaɗaya, wanda, yayin aikin samarwa, yantu daga freeda fruitan itace da rigunan iri, embryos da goge. Ya kamata a san cewa har ma a zamanin da aka rubuta Littafi Mai-Tsarki, wannan abincin ya kasance ɗayan manyan abincin da ke kan tebur tsakanin mazaunan Galili. A cikin Rasha, ƙwayar alkama koyaushe alama ce ta wadata da wadata, don haka abincin alkama na Slav ya zama samfurin abinci na wajibi.
Don samar da wannan hatsin, ana amfani da alkamar durum tare da babban abun ciki na alkama (alal misali, iri iri na Durum). Abubuwan da ke ciki sun haɗa da abubuwa masu amfani kamar: sitaci, carbohydrates, muhimman amino acid, furotin, fiber, kayan ƙanshi, abubuwan alam (potassium, phosphorus, calcium, magnesium), bitamin PP, B1, C, B2, E, B6.
Ana rarrabe alkama na alkama ta babban kashi na ƙwaya kwaya mai kyau, daidaito iri ɗaya, babban abun cikin kalori (325 kcal a kowace gram 100 na samfurin) da sauƙin narkewa.
Irin wannan nau'in hatsi yana da ƙarfin ƙarfafawa gabaɗaya, kaddarorin immunostimulating, yana cikin nau'in samfuran "tushen makamashi na halitta", yana daidaita metabolism mai da inganta tsarin narkewa, rage cholesterol, rage tsufa na jiki, inganta yanayin gashi. , farce, fata. Amfani da shi yana inganta ayyukan tsarin zuciya da jijiyoyin jini da kwakwalwa, yana kawar da karafa masu nauyi, gishiri, ragowar kwayoyin cuta da abubuwa masu guba daga jiki.
Ana amfani da garin alkama don shirya jita-jita don jariri da abincin abinci (alal misali, miya, ƙwarƙwar nama, puddings da casseroles).
Cloudberry
Yana da tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire na dangin Rubus na dangin Pink, an bambanta shi da reshe mai rarrafe rhizome, madaidaiciyar tushe, fararen furanni da wrinkled, ganyaye masu kamannin zuciya. 'Ya'yan itacen Cloudberry wani nau'in drupe ne, mai ja idan an kafa shi, da amber-rawaya, bayan ripening, launi, wanda ke da giya, dandano mai tsami.
Cloudberry ya yadu a Siberia, Sakhalin da Kamchatka; ya fi son polar-arctic, tundra, dajin-tundra da yankunan daji.
'Ya'yan Cloudberry suna da wadata a cikin magnesium, calcium, potassium, iron, aluminum, phosphorus, cobalt, silicon, bitamin B3, PP, B1, C, A, sunadarai, suga, abubuwan pectin, fiber, Organic acid (wato: ascorbic, citric, malic, salicylic acid), anthocyanins, carotenoids, tannins, phytoncides, leukocyanins, leukoanthocyanins, tocopherols.
Cloudberry tsaba suna dauke da irin wadannan sinadarai masu aiki kamar: antioxidants, omega fatty acid, linoleic da alpha-linoleic acid, tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire.
Yin amfani da gajimare yana taimaka wajan safarar hydrogen, kula da yanayin haɗuwa da kwayar halitta, daidaita daidaiton yanayin kwakwalwa, sabunta halittun tantanin halitta, hanzarta sake farfaɗo da ƙwayoyin da suka lalace, da kuma narkewar nama. An bada shawarar don rigakafin cututtukan zuciya da cututtukan oncological.
Don abinci, ana cin gajimare sabo ne, aka tsinkaya ko aka jiƙa shi. Bugu da kari, zaka iya yin jelly, compote, jam, liqueur, ruwan inabi da ruwan 'ya'yan itace daga garesu.
Notes
kifin haƙora
Wannan kifin teku ne, wanda ke cikin tsari Perchiformes kuma an rarrabe shi ta hanyar kasancewar layin layi biyu a kan doguwar jikinsa, sikelin cycloid, da ƙaramin bakin da aka daidaita. Akwai kusan nau'ikan notothenia 30 a duniya, waɗanda galibi suna rayuwa ne a cikin ruwayen Antarctic da na subantarctic. Shahararriyar wadannan ita ce marbled notothenia, wanda yayi kama da kambi mai nau'in tabo a jiki, wanda ke haifar da rudani a cikin rarrabuwar kifin kifin.
Naman Notothenia shine samfuri mai matsakaicin abun cikin kalori (100 kcal a kowace gram 148), wanda aka banbanta shi da kasancewar irin waɗannan abubuwa masu amfani kamar: sunadarai masu narkewa cikin sauƙi, man kifi, bitamin PP, D, A, C, cobalamin, folic acid , pyridoxine, riboflavin, thiamine, nickel, cobalt, molybdenum, fluorine, chromium, manganese, copper, iodine, zinc, iron, sulfur, chlorine, phosphorus, potassium, sodium, magnesium, calcium.
Yin amfani da notothenia yana taimaka wa ci gaban tsarin kwarangwal na yara, tsofaffi da mata masu juna biyu, daidaita tsarin tafiyar da rayuwa, rigakafin atherosclerosis da cututtukan jijiyoyin zuciya, daidaita tsarin jijiyoyi, da inganta tunani matakai.
A cikin girki, saboda tsananin ɗanɗano na ƙwai da nama mai daɗi, ana amfani da notothenia don shirya jita-jita iri-iri - an dafaffe, soyayyen, stewed, kyafaffen.
Beluga
Kifin ruwan sha, wanda na dangin Sturgeon, ya bambanta da girmansa (har zuwa tan 1) da girmansa (kimanin mita 4). Beluga "mega-longevity"-yana iya kaiwa shekara ɗari. A cikin rayuwarsa, yana shiga cikin koguna don haɓaka sau da yawa kuma ya "birgima" zuwa teku. Mazauninsa shine kwano na Tekun Caspian, Black da Azov. Ya kamata a lura cewa wannan nau'in sturgeon an jera shi a cikin Red Book.
Ta mahangar kamun kifi, beluga kifi ne mai daraja, saboda ana rarrabe shi da nama mai daɗi kuma shine mai samar da baƙin caviar. Namansa yana dauke da kashi 20% na yawan adadin sunadarai masu narkewa mai sauki, amino acid (musamman methionine mai mahimmanci), nickel, molybdenum, fluorine, chromium, zinc, calcium chloride, phosphorus, potassium, iron, bitamin A, D, B, makamancin niacin .
A cikin girki, ba za a iya daskare naman beluga kawai don mai kyau ba, amma kuma ana shan sigari, bushe ko gwangwani. Beluga caviar ana sarrafa shi a cikin ganga ko a hanya mai sauƙi. Vyaziga ya zama abinci na musamman da aka yi da beluga, wanda yake sananne a wuraren kamun sa. Ana amfani da mafitsara mai ninkaya ta beluga don bayyana ruwan inabi da kuma yin gam, sannan ana amfani da fata don takalmi.
Ya kamata a sani cewa yawan beluga yana da rashi bala'i, don haka yana da wahala a sayi nama ko caviar wannan kifin saboda tsadar su ko kuma rashin wadatar su.
shiitake
Wannan naman kaza ne na jinsi na Millechniki, wanda aka banbanta shi da babban, concave, siriri mai siriri tare da gefen shaggy, fari ko launin ruwan kasa mai launin ruwan kasa da rami, kauri, gajere. Vesaunar spruce, birch ko gaurayayyun gandun kasarmu, Belarus da Rasha, suna girma cikin kaɗaicin “alfahari” ko a matsayin ɗaukacin dangi. Kuma kodayake suna cin naman kaza, suna “da sharadi” kuma ana amfani dasu ne kawai a cikin salted form.
Milk shine mai rikodin rikodi dangane da ƙananan abun cikin kalori - 19 kcal kawai cikin ɗari gram. Ya ƙunshi abubuwa masu amfani kamar su sunadarai, mai, kayan cirewa, ascorbic acid, thiamine da riboflavin. An ba da shawarar yin amfani da shi don duwatsun koda da tarin fuka, ciwon sukari, raunuka na purulent, huhu emphysema, urolithiasis.
cream
Wannan wani bangare ne mai dauke da kitse daga madarar da ta daidaita ko kuma aka fadada ta hanyar masana'antar. Dogaro da hanyar sarrafawa, ana raba su zuwa haifuwa da manna.
Kirim yana dauke da kaso mai yawa na mai narkewa mai sauƙin narkewa - har zuwa 35% da abubuwa masu amfani da yawa (bitamin E, A, C, B2, B1, PP B, D, potassium, magnesium, phosphorus, chlorine, zinc, iron, L- tryptophan, lecithin). Ana ba da shawarar da za a yi amfani da su don kwantar da hankulan masu juyayi, haɓaka aikin gonads, tare da rashin barci, baƙin ciki da guba (a wasu lokuta).
Ana amfani da kirim don yin kowane irin kayan zaki (waina, waina, gajeriyar burodi, ice cream, risotto, cream), miya, miya, fricassee, julienne, mascarpone, shayin Mongoliya da sauran abinci iri-iri.
naman sa
Naman wakilan shanu (karsana, bijimai, shanu, gobies da shanu). An rarrabe shi da elasticity, m-launi a launi, yana da wari mai daɗi da kuma tsari mai ƙyalli mai ƙyalli mai walƙiya, jijiyoyi masu laushi na kitsinsa an bambanta su da launi mai ɗanɗano-mai tsami.
Abubuwa masu zuwa suna shafar ingancin naman shanu: shekaru da jinsin dabba, nau'in abinci, yanayin yadda ake kiyaye shi, tsarin balagar naman, damuwar dabbar kafin yanka. Dabbobin naman shanu sun banbanta dangane da bangaren gawar daga wacce ake karba. Misali, mafi girman sa na naman shanu shi ne gwatso, nono ko baya, dungu, fillet da gwatso; sahun farko - flank, kafada ko sassan kafada na gawa; aji na biyu shine baya ko shank na gaba, a yanka.
Naman sa na dauke da sinadarin potassium, sodium, calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, iron, copper, zinc, sulfur, cobalt, bitamin A, E, C, B6, B12, PP, B2, B1, cikakkun sunadarai.
Shan naman shanu yana taimakawa wajen shafar baƙin ƙarfe, murmurewa daga rauni, magance cututtukan cututtuka, ƙonewa, kuma yana taimakawa yaƙi da gajiya. An ba da shawarar don karancin baƙin ƙarfe anemia da ƙananan matakan mummunan cholesterol. Naman hanta yana da kyau don maganin urolithiasis da rigakafin bugun zuciya.
Ana iya amfani da naman shanu don yin yankakke, naman nama, Uzbek pilaf bakhsh, Girkanci stifado, meatballs, steak, meat bread, zeppelin, gasa, barbecue, stew, naman shanu stroganoff da sauran kayan abinci na ban mamaki.
cin hanci
daji Fure
Yana nufin perennial, tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire na dangin Pink. Ana rarrabe shi da rassa masu yankewa, ƙayayuwa masu ƙyamar jinjirin wata da fari ko furannin ruwan hoda mai launin shuɗi. Gwanon bishiyar kamar Berry yana da launi mai launin ruwan hoda-mai launin jan-toro mai yawa da achenes masu gashi.
Wasu masana kimiyya suna da'awar cewa tsaunukan Himalayas da Iran nan ne asalin wannan tsiron. A cikin duniyar zamani, karnin kare ya yadu a cikin dukkan yankuna na canjin yanayi, ban da hamada, tundra da permafrost.
Roseunƙwan ƙwanƙolin Raw tashi samfurin ƙananan kalori ne - 51 kcal kawai a cikin 100 g. Sun ƙunshi sunadarai, carbohydrates, fiber na abinci, acid mai ƙarancin kyauta, alli, sodium, phosphorus, potassium, magnesium, iron, manganese, jan ƙarfe, molybdenum, chromium, cobalt, bitamin B1, B6, B2, K, PP, E, C, canza launi da tannins, riboflavin, carotene, malic da citric acid, phytoncides, sugars, mahimmin mai.
Rosehip yana da haɓaka gabaɗaya, anti-mai kumburi, warkar da rauni, raunin diuretic, choleretic da kaddarorin tonic, yana ƙara jurewar jiki ga cututtuka. Yin amfani da hips na fure yana taimakawa wajen tsaftace tsarin jini, inganta metabolism, wadatar da jiki tare da bitamin da rage karfin jini. Ana ba da shawarar yin amfani da shi a cikin scurvy, anemia, cututtuka na mafitsara, koda da hanta, atherosclerosis da sauran cututtuka masu yawa.
Ana iya amfani da berries na Rosehip don yin giya na gida, shayi, compote, broth, miya, cognac, jam, syrup, tincture, liqueur, marmalade, marshmallow, jam, jelly, pudding, pies, da wuri, dankali mai dankali, biredi.
Cashew
Ya kasance daga bishiyun tarihin Sumakhovy. 'Ya'yan itacen cashew sun hada da "apple" da kuma goro wanda aka makala shi a saman' ya'yan.
Cashews na "Apple" matsakaici ne a cikin su, mai siffar lu'u-lu'u da mai daɗi-mai tsami, mai laushi, mai juji na jiki. Bawon apple ɗin rawaya ne, ja ko lemu mai launi. Gwanin Cashew sun ɓuya a cikin harsashi mai wuya tare da man ƙanshi mai narkewa (cardol). Sabili da haka, kafin cire goro, masana'antun suna ba shi magani mai zafi don ƙafe wannan sinadarin mai guba.
Cashews sun fara balaguronsu a duk duniya daga Kudancin Amurka kuma yanzu an sami nasarar girma a cikin Brazil, India, Indonesia, Nigeria, Vietnam da Thailand.
Kashin Cashew sune abinci mai yawan kalori: danyen 100 kcal a kowace gram 643 kuma soyayye, bi da bi - 574 kcal. Sun ƙunshi sunadarai, carbohydrates, bitamin B2, A, B1, baƙin ƙarfe, phosphorus, zinc, calcium. Suna da tonic, antiseptic da antibacterial Properties. Ana ba da shawarar yin amfani da su a cikin abinci mai gina jiki don dystrophy, ƙarancin jini, cututtukan rayuwa, psoriasis, ciwon hakori. Hakanan amfani da kwayayen cashew yana taimakawa rage matakan cholesterol, yana karfafa garkuwar jiki, da daidaita aikin tsarin zuciya da jijiyoyin jini.
A cikin dafa abinci, ana amfani da apples cashew da goro. Abin takaici, apples apples apples sune samfurori masu lalacewa, don haka ana sayar da su ne kawai a cikin ƙasashe inda cashews ke girma (misali, a Indiya, jams, juices, jellies, giya, compotes ana yin su).
Za'a iya cin goro danye ko soyayye, a saka shi a biredi, salati, kayan lefe da kayan ciye-ciye, da kuma man shanu wanda yayi kamance da man gyada.