Ƙashin ƙashin ƙugu yana yin wani ɓangaren kashin baya.

Matsayi. Yankin lumbar ya zama wani ɓangare na kashin baya, ko kashin baya, tsarin ƙashi wanda ke tsakanin kai da ƙashin ƙugu. Ƙashin baya yana samar da tushen kwarangwal na akwati, wanda yake a dorsally kuma tare da tsakiyar layi. Yana farawa a ƙarƙashin kwanyar kuma ya faɗa cikin yankin ƙashin ƙugu (1). Ƙashin baya ya ƙunshi matsakaicin ƙasusuwa 33, wanda ake kira vertebrae (2). An haɗa waɗannan ƙasusuwa tare don ƙirƙirar gatari, wanda ke da siffar S sau biyu. Akwai guda 5 na kashin baya na lumbar da ke yin lanƙwasa da ke fuskantar gaba (3). Suna yin yankin lumbar a cikin ƙananan baya, kuma suna tsakanin tsakanin thoracic vertebrae da sacrum. Ana kiran lakabi na lumbar daga L1 zuwa L5.

Structure. Kowane lumbar vertebra yana da tsari iri ɗaya (1) (2):

• Jiki, ɓangaren hanji na kashin baya, babba ne kuma mai ƙarfi. Yana ɗauke da nauyin kasusuwan kashin.
• Ƙarfin ƙashin ƙugu, ɓangaren dorsal na ƙashin ƙugu, yana kewaye da raunin vertebral.
• Ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayar cuta ita ce tsakiyar, ɓangaren ɓoyayyen ɓangaren vertebra. Tari ɗin kasusuwa da ƙwarƙwarar ƙira suna zama canal na vertebral, wanda ke wucewa ta kashin baya.

Hadin gwiwa da sakawa. Ƙunƙun ƙwallon ƙafa na lumbar suna haɗe da juna ta hanyar jijiyoyi. Hakanan suna da fannoni da yawa don tabbatar da motsi. Faifan intervertebral, fibrocartilages wanda ya ƙunshi tsakiya, suna tsakanin jikin maƙwabtan vertebrae (1) (2).

Musculature. An rufe kashin baya ta tsokoki na baya.

Matsayin tallafi da kariya. Yin gyaran kashin baya, ƙashin ƙugu yana taimakawa goyan bayan kai da kare kashin baya.

Matsayi a cikin motsi da matsayi. Ƙaddamar da kashin baya, ƙashin ƙugu yana ba da damar adana tsayin akwati don haka kula da matsayin tsaye. Tsarin vertebrae yana ba da damar motsi da yawa kamar motsi torsion na akwati, lanƙwasa na akwati ko ma gogewa.

Cututtuka guda biyu. An bayyana shi azaman ciwon gida wanda ke farawa galibi a cikin kashin baya kuma gaba ɗaya yana shafar ƙungiyoyin tsoka da ke kewaye da shi. Ƙananan ciwon baya shine ciwon gida a cikin yankin lumbar. Sciatica, wanda ke nuna zafi yana farawa daga ƙananan baya kuma yana ƙaruwa zuwa kafa. Sau da yawa, suna faruwa ne saboda matsi na jijiyar sciatic wanda wani lokacin lumbar vertebrae na iya haifar da shi. Cututtuka daban -daban na iya kasancewa a asalin wannan zafin (4):

• Cututtuka na degenerative. Osteoarthritis yana halin lalacewa da tsagewar guringuntsi da ke kare kasusuwan gidajen. (5) Faifan herniated yayi daidai da fitarwa a bayan tsakiya na diski na intervertebral, ta hanyar sawa na ƙarshen. Wannan zai iya haifar da matsawa na kashin baya ko jijiya na jijiya.
• Nakasa na kashin baya. Canje -canje na shafi na iya faruwa. Scoliosis shine ƙaurawar gefe na kashin baya (6). Lordosis yana da alaƙa da ƙira mai ƙarfi a cikin ƙashin ƙugu. (6)
• Lumbago. Wannan cuta ta samo asali ne saboda nakasa ko hawaye na jijiyoyin ko tsokar da ke cikin kashin bayan lumbar.

Magungunan ƙwayoyi. Dangane da ilimin cututtukan da aka gano, wasu magunguna na iya ba da izini azaman masu rage zafin ciwo.

Physiotherapy. Za'a iya aiwatar da gyaran baya tare da physiotherapy ko zaman osteopathy.

Jiyya na tiyata. Dangane da cututtukan da aka gano, ana iya yin tiyata a yankin lumbar.

Gwajin jiki. Likitan da ya lura da tsayuwar baya shine mataki na farko na gano ɓarna.

Nazarin rediyo. Dangane da abin da ake zargi ko tabbatar da cutar, ana iya yin ƙarin gwaje-gwaje kamar X-ray, duban dan tayi, CT scan, MRI ko scintigraphy.

Aikin bincike. Masu bincike daga sashin Inserm a bayyane sun sami nasarar canza ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin adipose cikin sel waɗanda zasu iya maye gurbin faifan intervertebral. Wannan aikin yana da nufin sabunta faifan intervertebral sawa, yana haifar da wasu ciwon baya. (7)