Cutar sankarar bargo
Cutar sankarar bargo, ko cutar sankarar bargo, cuta ce ta kasusuwan kasusuwa, wani lokaci ana kiranta da kansar jini. A cikin cutar sankarar bargo, hematopoiesis na al'ada yana rushewa: an samar da yawancin ƙwayoyin jini marasa balagagge, yawanci precursors na farin jini.

Menene cutar sankarar bargo

Cutar sankarar bargo ko cutar sankarar bargo cuta ce mai muni na tsarin hematopoietic. Don zama madaidaici - ƙwayar kasusuwa da tsarin lymphatic, kuma ana kiranta ciwon daji na jini. Cutar sankarar bargo ana kiranta da cutar kansar jini.

A cikin jikin mutum, ƙwayoyin jini suna cikin kewayawa akai-akai. Kwayoyin da aka yi amfani da su suna mutuwa, kuma ana samun sababbi daga ƙwayoyin ƙasusuwan kasusuwa. Sabbin sel masu tasowa sun fara rarraba sannan su girma zuwa cikakkun sel. A cikin mutane masu lafiya, akwai ingantaccen tsari na daidaitawa tsakanin sel da aka yi amfani da su, matattu da sabbin sel. Amma a cikin marasa lafiya da cutar sankarar bargo, wannan ma'auni yana da matukar damuwa. Sabbin sel suna ninka ba tare da kulawa ba, ba sa girma zuwa matakin cikakkun ƙwayoyin sel. A cikin yanayin cutar sankarar bargo, suna ƙara ƙaruwa.

Akwai nau'ikan cutar sankarar bargo guda hudu.

  • Cutar sankarar bargo ta lymphoblastic. Wannan nau'in ya fi yawa a cikin yara.
  • M myeloid cutar sankarar bargo.
  • Cutar sankarar lymphocytic na yau da kullun. Yana faruwa a cikin manya sama da shekaru 55 kuma an ba da rahoto a cikin membobin dangi da yawa.
  • Myeloid cutar sankarar bargo.

Abubuwan da ke haifar da cutar sankarar bargo a cikin manya

Ba a san ainihin musabbabin cutar ba. Amma dalilai na iya haɗawa da:

  • m bayyanar cututtuka (radiotherapy);
  • bayyanar cututtuka na carcinogens (misali, benzene);
  • ƙwayoyin cuta;
  • wasu gyare-gyaren kwayoyin halitta (geneditary predisposition).

Alamomin cutar sankarar bargo a cikin manya

Likitan oncologist Dina Sakaeva ya ba da haske game da yawan alamun cutar:

  • karancin jini;
  • ciwon jini, saboda rashin isasshen platelets a cikin jiki;
  • zub da jini;
  • raunuka;
  • zubar jini a cikin mucous membranes - a cikin harshe, fata;
  • bayyanar ƙananan ɗigo da aibobi;
  • yawan zafin jiki;
  • tashin zuciya, zubar da ciki;
  • asarar ci;
  • asarar nauyi;
  • bayyanar metastases, lokacin da ƙwayoyin tumo suka shiga cikin gabobin lafiya.

Matakan cutar sankarar bargo a cikin manya

Mataki na 1. A mataki na farko na cutar sankarar bargo, ciwon daji ya mamaye nodes na lymph, wanda ya karu da girma. Mai haƙuri zai iya lura da ƙananan nodes da kansa.

Mataki na 2. A wannan yanayin, ko dai hanta ko ɓarna, ko duka biyu a lokaci guda, yana ƙaruwa a cikin marasa lafiya. Wannan alamar tana faruwa ne saboda karuwar adadin lymphocytes a cikin waɗannan gabobin.

Mataki na 3. Ana gano shi lokacin da mutum ya kamu da anemia (matakin haemoglobin baya wuce raka'a 10).

Mataki na 4. A wannan yanayin, ana nuna shi da ƙananan matakin platelet, ko thrombocytopenia. Yawan platelets a cikin jinin mara lafiya baya wuce dubu 100.

Maganin cutar sankarar bargo a cikin manya

Idan ba a kula da shi ba, cutar sankarar bargo na iya haifar da mutuwa cikin 'yan watanni. Yana da mahimmanci don fara magani akan lokaci.

jiyyar cutar sankara tushen dole ne ga kowane nau'in magani na cutar sankarar bargo. "Chemistry" yana kai hari ga kwayoyin cutar sankarar bargo a wurare daban-daban domin ya lalata ciwace-ciwacen daji gaba daya.

Radiation far - Ana amfani da manyan allurai na ionizing radiation don lalata ƙwayoyin cutar kansa. Akwai raguwa a cikin ƙananan ƙananan ƙwayoyin lymph, splin. Ana amfani da irin wannan nau'in maganin kafin kasusuwan kasusuwa da dashen sel.

Manufar Target da aka yi amfani da su a cikin CML (masu hana tyrosine kinase sun hana matakai masu mahimmanci a cikin ƙwayoyin leukemia), amma ana amfani da maganin chemotherapy da interferon. Duk da haka, cikakken magani ba zai yiwu ba. Za a iya samun nasara ne kawai tare da dashen kasusuwa daga mai ba da gudummawa mai lafiya.

Rowarɓaron ƙafafunsa – Dashen kasusuwa. Masu ba da gudummawa na iya zama 'yan'uwan marasa lafiya.

kanikancin

Alƙawari tare da likitan oncologist yana farawa tare da tattaunawa tare da mai haƙuri. Likitan ya gano dalla-dalla game da gunaguni na marasa lafiya, tarihin cutar da rayuwar mai haƙuri, kasancewar cututtukan cututtuka a cikin dangi na gaba. Na gaba, nazarin tsarin da gabobin ya fara gano cin zarafi: zuwa ƙungiyoyin ƙwayoyin lymph nodes, yanki na uXNUMXbuXNUMXbha da hanta, tun da za a iya kara girma tare da cutar sankarar bargo.

Ana iya gano kansar jini ta:

  • CBC: Idan kana da ciwon daji, zai nuna karuwa a cikin fararen jini da raguwa a wasu kwayoyin jini.
  • coagulogram - nazarin sigogi na coagulation na jini.
  • immunogram - nazarin manyan alamomi na tsarin rigakafi na mutum.

Hakanan, likita na iya ba da ƙarin hanyoyin bincike don sanin nau'in / matakin ciwon daji na jini:

  • huda biopsy na kasusuwan kasusuwa tare da binciken tarihi na gaba;
  • huda biopsy na lymph nodes;
  • huda kashin baya - don gano ƙwayoyin jinin da ba su balaga ba, gano su da kuma ƙayyade hankali ga wasu magungunan chemotherapy.
  • duban dan tayi (ultrasound);
  • lissafta tomography (CT);
  • Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Rigakafin cutar sankarar bargo a cikin manya a gida

Ba a samar da takamaiman hanyoyin rigakafin cutar sankarar bargo ba. Masana ilimin likitanci kawai suna ba da shawara don jagorantar salon rayuwa mai kyau, wanda ya haɗa da daidaitaccen abinci, aikin jiki mai haske, isasshen hutawa da barci, da rage damuwa. Wadanda ke cikin hadarin (akwai wadanda ke da ciwon daji) a gwada a kalla sau ɗaya a shekara kuma a kula da lafiyarsu.

Shahararrun tambayoyi da amsoshi

Answers Dina Sakaeva, Mataimakin Shugaban Likita a Oncology, Farfesa na Sashen Magungunan Magunguna tare da Course a Clinical Pharmacology, Memba na Hukumar RUSSCO, Doctor of Medical Sciences:

Wadanne abubuwa ne ke da alaƙa da ƙara haɗarin cutar sankarar bargo?
Daga cikin abubuwan da ke haifar da cutar sankarar bargo shine ionizing radiation, likitocin rediyo suna fuskantar shi. Ciwon sankarar bargo na faruwa ne bayan harin bama-bamai, maganin radiation, ultraviolet radiation, fallasa ga sinadarai na carcinogen da ke yin fenti, misali, magungunan kashe qwari, arsenic. Cutar daji kuma tana haifar da kwayar cutar T-lymphotropic na ɗan adam. Chromosomal anomaly, predisposition na gado suna taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen ci gaban cutar sankarar bargo.
Menene ya kamata a yi a lokacin da mutum ya sami gafara?
Babu cikakken ra'ayi a nan. Maganin kulawa yana kawar da sauran ƙwayoyin cutar sankarar bargo kuma yana hana ƙwayoyin da suka tsira daga yin aiki. Don wannan dalili, ana amfani da glucocorticoids ko mercaptopurine. Ana ba da shawarar marasa lafiya da yanayin aiki mai ma'ana, hutawa mai kyau, abinci tare da iyakataccen mai, tare da hada 'ya'yan itatuwa, ganye, kayan lambu da berries.
Yadda ake cin abinci a lokacin "chemo"?
Chemotherapy babban gwaji ne ga dukkan kwayoyin halitta. Abinci mai gina jiki a lokacin shan magani yana taka muhimmiyar rawa, saboda yana taimakawa wajen kula da yanayin lafiya na jiki. Da farko, shirya daidaitaccen abinci don kanka. Dole ne ya haɗa da:

● Kayan lambu, berries da 'ya'yan itatuwa. Ki shirya kanku aƙalla abincin ciye-ciye biyu a rana, waɗanda za ku ci 'ya'yan itace, kuma ku yi amfani da kayan lambu a matsayin gefen tasa. Kayan lambu suna da amfani duka sabo, gasa, da tururi;

● Kaza, kifi, nama, qwai. Yana da matukar muhimmanci a haɗa isasshen furotin mai inganci a cikin abinci, wanda za'a iya samu daga wannan rukunin abinci. Bugu da ƙari, sunadaran sunadaran dabba, waɗanda suke da asalin shuka suma cikakke ne - waɗannan su ne, da farko, legumes. Saboda maganin, yawancin marasa lafiya suna samun canjin dandano na dandano, kuma ba kowa yana shirye ya ci nama ba. Idan ba ku son shi kuma, kuna iya gwada cin shi tare da ƙamshi daban-daban da ƙamshi masu laushi. Koyaya, zaku iya maye gurbin shi da abincin teku ko wasu tushen furotin.

● Gurasa da hatsi. A cikin abinci na yau da kullun na abinci mai gina jiki, ana ɗaukar waɗannan abinci masu haɗari saboda yawan adadin kuzari, amma a cikin ilimin chemotherapy suna da kyau don karin kumallo.

● Kayan kiwo. Samfurori na wannan rukunin yakamata su kasance a cikin abincin yau da kullun, zai fi dacewa madarar fermented.

Misalin menu na chemotherapy:

● Breakfast - porridge da sanwici tare da cuku;

● abincin rana - gilashin kefir ko yogurt na halitta ko 'ya'yan itace;

● abincin rana - miyan kayan lambu mai haske da salatin;

● abun ciye-ciye na rana - 'ya'yan itace ko salatin 'ya'yan itace tare da suturar yogurt;

● abincin dare - wani yanki na nama, kifi ko kaji tare da gefen gefen kayan lambu;

● kafin a kwanta barci - kayan madara da aka haɗe.

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